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The program is part of an ongoing collaboration between the \u003ca href=\"http://genetics.stanford.edu/\">Stanford Department of Genetics\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/\">The Tech Museum of Innovation\u003c/a>. Together these two partners created the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/exhibits/permanent/index.php?sGalKey=gtwt&galKey=lt\">Genetics: Technology with a Twist\u003c/a> exhibition.\r\n\r\nYou can also see \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/author/dr-barry-starr/\">additional posts by Barry at KQED Science\u003c/a>, and read his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/dr-barry-starr/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"geneticsboy","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dr. Barry Starr | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4a5680e4c642ea0f0f3041af16018969?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dr-barry-starr"},"cat":{"type":"authors","id":"10173","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10173","found":true},"name":"Cat","firstName":"Cat","lastName":"Aboudara","slug":"cat","email":"caboudara@calacademy.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Cathleen (Cat) is the former \u003cstrong>Special Projects Manager at California Academy of Sciences\u003c/strong> and worked in the public programs division.\r\nBefore working at the Academy, Cat got her start as an intern at \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildlife-museum.org/\">Lindsay Wildlife Museum\u003c/a> for four years and worked with animals ranging from snakes and hawks to foxes and bobcats. 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On her list of other passions are travel, photography, music and the lindy hop. :-)","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Amy Gotliffe | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/52537bc1e3bad411da5ff14ef51ef9ff?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/amy-gotliffe"},"taunyaenglish":{"type":"authors","id":"10300","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10300","found":true},"name":"Taunya English","firstName":"Taunya","lastName":"English","slug":"taunyaenglish","email":"tenglish@whyy.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Taunya splits her time between Philadelphia and Pennsylvania's state capital in Harrisburg. She is the creator and producer of a year-long multimedia collaboration between National Public Radio affiliate, WHYY and WURD. The series, In the Gap: Voices from the Health Divide, explores the disparities that keep African Americans in Philadelphia from better health.\r\n\r\nTaunya is a fellow with the NPR-Kaiser Health News-Member Stations Reporting Partnership on Health Care in the States. In addition to radio reporting, Taunya produces health segments for WHHY's Delaware TV newsmagazine \"First.\" Before joining WHYY, Taunya led statehouse news coverage for Public Radio Capitol News in Harrisburg, Pa., and worked as a freelance health reporter for Baltimore’s WYPR. She began her journalism career as a newspaper reporter in Northern California, then worked as a science writer in Washington, DC. 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Umami (pronounced: ew-mommy) is often at the heart of intuitive succulent cooking. Grandmothers in southern Italy, for example, toss a handful of cherry tomatoes into a clear broth, or slip the rind of parmesan cheese into a pot of simmering beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without consciously knowing what they're doing, they add the taste of umami to the dish,” says Brooklyn-based cookbook author \u003ca href=\"http://www.rozannegold.com/\" title=\"Rozanne Gold\" target=\"_blank\">Rozanne Gold\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wild mushrooms, fresh picked corn, dried seaweed and fish sauce all have lots of savory umami taste, and high levels of an amino acid called glutamate. Glutamic acid tips off the taste buds, and then an umami alert rushes to the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umami deepens flavor and adds meatiness, says Gold, who calls herself the \"Diva of Simplicity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her latest book is \u003cem>Radically Simple: Brilliant Flavors with Breathtaking Ease\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you only have three ingredients to play with each one really counts, so instinctively I work with foods that are umami rich,” she said. “What MSG does for a dish, that already exists naturally in some foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is age-old but a Japanese chemist, Kikunae Ikeda coined the term “umami” in the early 1900s. Everyday taste testers struggle to categorize umami, says neuroscientist \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/faculty/people/alexander_bachmanov\" title=\"Bachmanov\" target=\"_blank\">Alexander Bachmanov\u003c/a>, because the taste rarely stands alone. And that, he says, may explain why a scientist, not a chef, finally gave umami a name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can put a sugar cube on your tongue to sample pure sweet, or lick sodium chloride to explain salty. Umami is harder to single out, says Bachmanov, a researcher at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/\" title=\"Monell\" target=\"_blank\">Monell Chemical Senses Center\u003c/a> in Philadelphia. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it's glutamic acid, it will also have some sourness in addition to umami. If it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/additives/footnotes/17.pdf\" title=\"msg\" target=\"_blank\">monosodium glutamate\u003c/a> (MSG), it will have a little bit of saltiness in addition to umami,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That something else, is now considered the fifth taste. When scientists isolated the first \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/press_release/nn0200.html\" title=\"receptor\" target=\"_blank\">umami taste receptor\u003c/a> in 2000, umami officially joined the big four--sour, salty bitter and sweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmanov says our taste buds are “tuned-up” to taste glutamic acids, and there's likely an evolutionary reason why most people perceive umami as pleasant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our sense of taste is like a detection system, constantly analyzing and helping us decide whether to eat or avoid a food. Glutamic acid--the tip-off for the umami taste--is a building block of protein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a food is sweet, it likely contains carbohydrates. If it has umami taste is probably has protein. Our body gets the indication that the food contains protein, that it's nutritious, good for us,” Bachmanov said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"If you can't abide Brussels sprouts and broccoli, your genes may be to blame. Geneticist Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia studies differences in our perception of taste and smell. A small blip in DNA might determine if you're bitter blind or have a sweet tooth.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457639982,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":491},"headData":{"title":"Why I Do Science: Danielle Reed | KQED","description":"If you can't abide Brussels sprouts and broccoli, your genes may be to blame. Geneticist Danielle Reed of the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia studies differences in our perception of taste and smell. A small blip in DNA might determine if you're bitter blind or have a sweet tooth.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Why I Do Science: Danielle Reed","datePublished":"2011-11-15T20:00:21.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-10T19:59:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"26600 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=videos&p=26600","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/11/15/why-i-do-science-danielle-reed/","disqusTitle":"Why I Do Science: Danielle Reed","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eX7LvKO9txc","path":"/quest/26600/why-i-do-science-danielle-reed","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Geneticist Danielle Reed has been working in taste science for decades but says some of the most exciting – and definitive -- discoveries have been recent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last 12 years, researchers have isolated taste receptors for sweet – as well as the lesser understood basic taste – umami. Umami (pronounced: ew-mommy) is often at the heart of intuitive succulent cooking. Grandmothers in southern Italy, for example, toss a handful of cherry tomatoes into a clear broth, or slip the rind of parmesan cheese into a pot of simmering beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without consciously knowing what they're doing, they add the taste of umami to the dish,” says Brooklyn-based cookbook author \u003ca href=\"http://www.rozannegold.com/\" title=\"Rozanne Gold\" target=\"_blank\">Rozanne Gold\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wild mushrooms, fresh picked corn, dried seaweed and fish sauce all have lots of savory umami taste, and high levels of an amino acid called glutamate. Glutamic acid tips off the taste buds, and then an umami alert rushes to the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umami deepens flavor and adds meatiness, says Gold, who calls herself the \"Diva of Simplicity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her latest book is \u003cem>Radically Simple: Brilliant Flavors with Breathtaking Ease\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you only have three ingredients to play with each one really counts, so instinctively I work with foods that are umami rich,” she said. “What MSG does for a dish, that already exists naturally in some foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is age-old but a Japanese chemist, Kikunae Ikeda coined the term “umami” in the early 1900s. Everyday taste testers struggle to categorize umami, says neuroscientist \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/faculty/people/alexander_bachmanov\" title=\"Bachmanov\" target=\"_blank\">Alexander Bachmanov\u003c/a>, because the taste rarely stands alone. And that, he says, may explain why a scientist, not a chef, finally gave umami a name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can put a sugar cube on your tongue to sample pure sweet, or lick sodium chloride to explain salty. Umami is harder to single out, says Bachmanov, a researcher at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.monell.org/\" title=\"Monell\" target=\"_blank\">Monell Chemical Senses Center\u003c/a> in Philadelphia. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it's glutamic acid, it will also have some sourness in addition to umami. If it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/additives/footnotes/17.pdf\" title=\"msg\" target=\"_blank\">monosodium glutamate\u003c/a> (MSG), it will have a little bit of saltiness in addition to umami,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That something else, is now considered the fifth taste. When scientists isolated the first \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/press_release/nn0200.html\" title=\"receptor\" target=\"_blank\">umami taste receptor\u003c/a> in 2000, umami officially joined the big four--sour, salty bitter and sweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bachmanov says our taste buds are “tuned-up” to taste glutamic acids, and there's likely an evolutionary reason why most people perceive umami as pleasant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our sense of taste is like a detection system, constantly analyzing and helping us decide whether to eat or avoid a food. Glutamic acid--the tip-off for the umami taste--is a building block of protein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a food is sweet, it likely contains carbohydrates. If it has umami taste is probably has protein. Our body gets the indication that the food contains protein, that it's nutritious, good for us,” Bachmanov said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/26600/why-i-do-science-danielle-reed","authors":["10300"],"series":["quest_3298"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_10372","quest_1197","quest_10373","quest_3291","quest_2666","quest_2868","quest_10376","quest_10375","quest_10377","quest_10374","quest_2893"],"featImg":"quest_26788","label":"quest_3298"},"quest_4534":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_4534","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"4534","score":null,"sort":[1260397328000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"working-dogs-for-conservation","title":"Working Dogs for Conservation","publishDate":1260397328,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/12/fun-035.jpg\">\u003cem>Pepin is famous for going to work after just 9 weeks of training, finding 52 scats in a single day.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>With unemployment at an all time low, it seems controversial that some very solid jobs are going to non-humans, but there are just some things that humans will never be qualified to do. Unfair, you say? Well, let’s run down the list of job requirements for this specific position and if you can find a human that qualifies, reply at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This candidate must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli>Follow orders\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be rough, energetic and adventurous\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Travel around the world\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find things that are nearly impossible to see\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be willing to ride in the back of a truck and wear a collar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Run long distances\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be a fast learner\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be obsessed with toys\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be willing to sniff poop\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Get compensated in rope-tugging with benefits such as scratches and belly rubs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Come from a background of animal shelter living\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Yes, the only qualified species is: \u003cstrong>Dog\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Job: Working Dog for Conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I saw these dogs in action at the Wildlife Conservation Network (WCN) Expo in San Francisco in October. The organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingdogsforconservation.org/\">Working Dogs for Conservation\u003c/a> and their dog demo with Pepin took center stage during lunch. While Pepin was inside the building schmoozing with the likes of Dr. Jane Goodall, her trainers hid scat in a giant, wide open field area. Once the crowd gathered, Pepin was taken outside, given directions and once released, blasted with determination and blatant glee out into the field. Within 3 minutes she had located the scat and sat proudly next to it, indicating to her trainer that she had done her job; a job that would have taken a human hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to find scat helps humans track down various species in the wild and provides needed species conservation information. Deployed conservation dogs have increased scat sample collection rates and have discovered samples that are smaller and more cryptic than people alone are capable of detecting. The working dogs for conservation have found scat of moose, snow leopard, grizzly bear, wolf and cougar, to name a few. The dogs have also been trained to find plants and lost pets and people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partnering with dogs is nothing new. Humans have been using the \u003ca href=\"http://dogs.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_tracking_dogs_nose\">220 million scent-sensitive cells available for canine olfaction\u003c/a> for centuries. These animals are truly man's best friend, but perhaps they are becoming nature's best friend, as well. They certainly deserve to hold this most unusual job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"With unemployment at an all time low, it seems controversial that some very solid jobs are going to non-humans, but there are just some things that humans will never be qualified to do.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1260397328,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":423},"headData":{"title":"Working Dogs for Conservation | KQED","description":"With unemployment at an all time low, it seems controversial that some very solid jobs are going to non-humans, but there are just some things that humans will never be qualified to do.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Working Dogs for Conservation","datePublished":"2009-12-09T22:22:08.000Z","dateModified":"2009-12-09T22:22:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"4534 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=4534","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/12/09/working-dogs-for-conservation/","disqusTitle":"Working Dogs for Conservation","path":"/quest/4534/working-dogs-for-conservation","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/12/fun-035.jpg\">\u003cem>Pepin is famous for going to work after just 9 weeks of training, finding 52 scats in a single day.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>With unemployment at an all time low, it seems controversial that some very solid jobs are going to non-humans, but there are just some things that humans will never be qualified to do. Unfair, you say? Well, let’s run down the list of job requirements for this specific position and if you can find a human that qualifies, reply at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This candidate must:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"links\">\n\u003cli>Follow orders\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be rough, energetic and adventurous\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Travel around the world\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Find things that are nearly impossible to see\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be willing to ride in the back of a truck and wear a collar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Run long distances\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be a fast learner\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be obsessed with toys\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Be willing to sniff poop\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Get compensated in rope-tugging with benefits such as scratches and belly rubs\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Come from a background of animal shelter living\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Yes, the only qualified species is: \u003cstrong>Dog\u003c/strong>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Job: Working Dog for Conservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I saw these dogs in action at the Wildlife Conservation Network (WCN) Expo in San Francisco in October. The organization, \u003ca href=\"http://www.workingdogsforconservation.org/\">Working Dogs for Conservation\u003c/a> and their dog demo with Pepin took center stage during lunch. While Pepin was inside the building schmoozing with the likes of Dr. Jane Goodall, her trainers hid scat in a giant, wide open field area. Once the crowd gathered, Pepin was taken outside, given directions and once released, blasted with determination and blatant glee out into the field. Within 3 minutes she had located the scat and sat proudly next to it, indicating to her trainer that she had done her job; a job that would have taken a human hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being able to find scat helps humans track down various species in the wild and provides needed species conservation information. Deployed conservation dogs have increased scat sample collection rates and have discovered samples that are smaller and more cryptic than people alone are capable of detecting. The working dogs for conservation have found scat of moose, snow leopard, grizzly bear, wolf and cougar, to name a few. The dogs have also been trained to find plants and lost pets and people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Partnering with dogs is nothing new. Humans have been using the \u003ca href=\"http://dogs.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_tracking_dogs_nose\">220 million scent-sensitive cells available for canine olfaction\u003c/a> for centuries. These animals are truly man's best friend, but perhaps they are becoming nature's best friend, as well. They certainly deserve to hold this most unusual job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/4534/working-dogs-for-conservation","authors":["10178"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_295","quest_477","quest_684","quest_709","quest_857","quest_1879","quest_2008","quest_2061","quest_2170","quest_2522","quest_2666","quest_3155"],"label":"quest"},"quest_3015":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3015","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3015","score":null,"sort":[1246643601000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","title":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","publishDate":1246643601,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/corpse_flower.jpg\">\u003cem>Titan Arum, or Corpse Flower\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I first heard of the Corpse flower when I ran smack into a line awaiting entrance into the US National Arboretum in DC. One was inside blooming away and emitting a rancid odor. I was unable to view that particular specimen. But I was able to see one - in the flesh - last Wednesday at the SF State botanical greenhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular specimen was unfortunately not yet in bloom. The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse. When I viewed it on Wednesday, the petals known as the spathe were wrapped around a very large hollow stem known as a spadix. On the outside the spathe were green and you could just see the deep burgundy fray of the interior portion of the spathe. The corpse flower not only emits a rotting meat fragrance when the spathe finally opens. The flower's deep red or burgundy color and texture mimic the texture and appearance of rotting meat. Moreover, during bloom the spadix heats up to the about 98 degrees Farenheit, which helps the perfume permeate the air and further seals the illusion of rotting meat. All these attributes during bloom will then attract carrion-eating beetles and Flesh Flies that it turn pollinate the Corpse Flower in its native tropical forest clime in Sumatra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After viewing the almost three foot Corpse flower personally, I have been following the daily blog about its progress on the Friend of the Greenhouse at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fotgh.com\">www.fotgh.com\u003c/a>. The blog has been updated faithfully by the Greenhouse Manager, Martin Marhoot. Early last week the flower debunked experts by staying closed on the day they had predicted for it to open. It is further being perplexing by given not a rancid odor but one quite sweet and familiar - that of chocolate! This morning, which is Friday, July 3\u003csup>rd\u003c/sup> as I write this, It started to emit this odor. The spadix also increased in girth and it looks now like the spathes will relax and open just in time for fourth of July What kind of scent will waft through Greenhouse is now up for debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.72271054188601 -122.47676610946655\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1246643601,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":411},"headData":{"title":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate? | KQED","description":"The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","datePublished":"2009-07-03T17:53:21.000Z","dateModified":"2009-07-03T17:53:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3015 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3015","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/07/03/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate/","disqusTitle":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","path":"/quest/3015/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/corpse_flower.jpg\">\u003cem>Titan Arum, or Corpse Flower\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I first heard of the Corpse flower when I ran smack into a line awaiting entrance into the US National Arboretum in DC. One was inside blooming away and emitting a rancid odor. I was unable to view that particular specimen. But I was able to see one - in the flesh - last Wednesday at the SF State botanical greenhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular specimen was unfortunately not yet in bloom. The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse. When I viewed it on Wednesday, the petals known as the spathe were wrapped around a very large hollow stem known as a spadix. On the outside the spathe were green and you could just see the deep burgundy fray of the interior portion of the spathe. The corpse flower not only emits a rotting meat fragrance when the spathe finally opens. The flower's deep red or burgundy color and texture mimic the texture and appearance of rotting meat. Moreover, during bloom the spadix heats up to the about 98 degrees Farenheit, which helps the perfume permeate the air and further seals the illusion of rotting meat. All these attributes during bloom will then attract carrion-eating beetles and Flesh Flies that it turn pollinate the Corpse Flower in its native tropical forest clime in Sumatra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After viewing the almost three foot Corpse flower personally, I have been following the daily blog about its progress on the Friend of the Greenhouse at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fotgh.com\">www.fotgh.com\u003c/a>. The blog has been updated faithfully by the Greenhouse Manager, Martin Marhoot. Early last week the flower debunked experts by staying closed on the day they had predicted for it to open. It is further being perplexing by given not a rancid odor but one quite sweet and familiar - that of chocolate! This morning, which is Friday, July 3\u003csup>rd\u003c/sup> as I write this, It started to emit this odor. The spadix also increased in girth and it looks now like the spathes will relax and open just in time for fourth of July What kind of scent will waft through Greenhouse is now up for debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.72271054188601 -122.47676610946655\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3015/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","authors":["10173"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_704","quest_1171","quest_2052","quest_2524","quest_2606","quest_2666","quest_2948"],"label":"quest"},"quest_851":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_851","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"851","score":null,"sort":[1222700435000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-nose-knows","title":"The Nose Knows","publishDate":1222700435,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/09/nose.jpg\">\u003cem>Love is in the air\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I love you. Because you smell different than I do. Not quite Titanic or Casablanca or even Olivia Newton-John in Grease. But smells may be part of the reason why we fall in love with a certain person. At least that is what a \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000184\">new study\u003c/a> argues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've known for awhile that animals find their \"true love\" partly through smells. One of the things they are sensing is whether the potential mate has a different set of MHC genes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MHC genes are a big part of our immune system. These genes are used to create the huge number of antibodies that we each make to battle bacteria, viruses, etc. Everyone has a different set of these antibodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more varied your MHC genes are, the more invaders your immune system can recognize and defeat. So two parents with very different MHC genes will have kids with immune systems that can recognize (and so defeat) lots of different kinds of bacteria and viruses. Parents with similar MHC genes will have kids with less varied immune systems. (This is a big reason why \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=131\">inbred animals\u003c/a> are so sickly.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Animals can tell about a potential mate's MHC genes through smell. And people might be able to do this as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of experiments have been done where men or women \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/03/05/dna-and-love/\">sniff the sweaty t-shirts of members of the opposite sex\u003c/a> to see which t-shirt smells better. If the potential mates are of the same ethnic group, the sniffers tend to prefer mates with very dissimilar MHC genes. If the potential mates were of different ethnic groups, the sniffers preferred mates with somewhat but not wildly dissimilar MHC genes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000184\">new study\u003c/a> looked at a group of 30 European American couples from Utah and 30 Yoruba couples from Nigeria. Thankfully there was no sweat smelling involved. Instead the researchers compared the DNA between the spouses of each couple in many different places throughout their genome. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they found was that for the Utah couples, the DNA around the MHC genes was much less alike than the DNA almost everywhere else. This did not appear to be the case for the Yoruba couples. This suggests that at least for these 30 couples from Utah, having a very different set of MHC genes may have been part of picking a spouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why the difference between the Utahans and the Yorubans? It is hard to say without more data but one possibility has to do with how much of a role social factors play in picking a spouse in each society. Perhaps the European Americans are freer to choose a mate. If this is the case, then they might be more likely to follow some sort of biological imperative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possibility is that this smell test is only a big deal if the potential mates are all very similar to start with. The Utah couples all had pretty similar DNA to each other to begin with. The Yoruba couples' DNA was less alike. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, this is a total of 60 couples and so is in no way exhaustive and may be proven wrong tomorrow. But it adds to a growing pile of evidence that suggests how mate selection works at the biological level. And it shows the wide range of things we can learn about ourselves by studying our DNA in great detail. Maybe it even gives perfume companies some ideas too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.332 -121.903\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"We've known for awhile that animals find their \"true love\" partly through smells. One of the things they are sensing is whether the potential mate has a different set of MHC genes. People might be able to do this as well.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1222700435,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":581},"headData":{"title":"The Nose Knows | KQED","description":"We've known for awhile that animals find their "true love" partly through smells. One of the things they are sensing is whether the potential mate has a different set of MHC genes. People might be able to do this as well.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Nose Knows","datePublished":"2008-09-29T15:00:35.000Z","dateModified":"2008-09-29T15:00:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"851 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=851","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/09/29/the-nose-knows/","disqusTitle":"The Nose Knows","path":"/quest/851/the-nose-knows","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/09/nose.jpg\">\u003cem>Love is in the air\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I love you. Because you smell different than I do. Not quite Titanic or Casablanca or even Olivia Newton-John in Grease. But smells may be part of the reason why we fall in love with a certain person. At least that is what a \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000184\">new study\u003c/a> argues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We've known for awhile that animals find their \"true love\" partly through smells. One of the things they are sensing is whether the potential mate has a different set of MHC genes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MHC genes are a big part of our immune system. These genes are used to create the huge number of antibodies that we each make to battle bacteria, viruses, etc. Everyone has a different set of these antibodies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more varied your MHC genes are, the more invaders your immune system can recognize and defeat. So two parents with very different MHC genes will have kids with immune systems that can recognize (and so defeat) lots of different kinds of bacteria and viruses. Parents with similar MHC genes will have kids with less varied immune systems. (This is a big reason why \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/genetics/ask.php?id=131\">inbred animals\u003c/a> are so sickly.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Animals can tell about a potential mate's MHC genes through smell. And people might be able to do this as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lots of experiments have been done where men or women \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/03/05/dna-and-love/\">sniff the sweaty t-shirts of members of the opposite sex\u003c/a> to see which t-shirt smells better. If the potential mates are of the same ethnic group, the sniffers tend to prefer mates with very dissimilar MHC genes. If the potential mates were of different ethnic groups, the sniffers preferred mates with somewhat but not wildly dissimilar MHC genes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pgen.1000184\">new study\u003c/a> looked at a group of 30 European American couples from Utah and 30 Yoruba couples from Nigeria. Thankfully there was no sweat smelling involved. Instead the researchers compared the DNA between the spouses of each couple in many different places throughout their genome. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they found was that for the Utah couples, the DNA around the MHC genes was much less alike than the DNA almost everywhere else. This did not appear to be the case for the Yoruba couples. This suggests that at least for these 30 couples from Utah, having a very different set of MHC genes may have been part of picking a spouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why the difference between the Utahans and the Yorubans? It is hard to say without more data but one possibility has to do with how much of a role social factors play in picking a spouse in each society. Perhaps the European Americans are freer to choose a mate. If this is the case, then they might be more likely to follow some sort of biological imperative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possibility is that this smell test is only a big deal if the potential mates are all very similar to start with. The Utah couples all had pretty similar DNA to each other to begin with. The Yoruba couples' DNA was less alike. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, this is a total of 60 couples and so is in no way exhaustive and may be proven wrong tomorrow. But it adds to a growing pile of evidence that suggests how mate selection works at the biological level. And it shows the wide range of things we can learn about ourselves by studying our DNA in great detail. Maybe it even gives perfume companies some ideas too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.332 -121.903\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/851/the-nose-knows","authors":["6177"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_848","quest_1192","quest_1197","quest_1451","quest_3351","quest_2349","quest_2526","quest_2666","quest_2881"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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