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In writing about geology in the Bay Area and surroundings, he hopes to share some of the useful and pleasurable insights that geologists give us—not just facts about the deep past, but an attitude that might be called the \u003ci>deep present\u003c/i>.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/andrew-alden/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrew Alden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrew-alden"},"brian-romans":{"type":"authors","id":"10171","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10171","found":true},"name":"Brian Romans","firstName":"Brian","lastName":"Romans","slug":"brian-romans","email":"romansbrian@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Brian Romans is the author the popular geoscience blog Clastic Detritus where he writes about topics in the field of sedimentary and marine geology and shares photographs of geologic field work from around the world. He is fascinated by the dynamic processes that shape our planet and the science of reconstructing ancient landscapes preserved in the geologic record. Brian came to the Bay Area in 2003 and completed a Ph.D. in geology at Stanford University in 2008. He lives in Berkeley with his wife, a high school science teacher, and is currently working as a research scientist in the energy industry. Follow him on \u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/clasticdetritus\">Twitter\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/17c56b6efae79164ca77ee5cb5021bb1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Brian Romans | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/17c56b6efae79164ca77ee5cb5021bb1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/17c56b6efae79164ca77ee5cb5021bb1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/brian-romans"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_51210":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_51210","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"51210","score":null,"sort":[1363892654000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale","title":"Scientists Celebrate a Long-Dead Whale","publishDate":1363892654,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51212\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/21/scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale/whalefall/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-51212\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/whalefall-300x169.png\" alt=\"Fallen whale carcasses nurture a variety of deep-sea life from large crabs and fish to thick coats of bacteria. Photo courtesy neptunecanada of Flickr via Creative Commons\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-51212\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fallen whale carcasses nurture a variety of deep-sea life from large crabs and fish to thick coats of bacteria. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/neptunecanada/7329819240/\" target=\"_blank\">neptunecanada of Flickr\u003c/a> via Creative Commons\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A new paper describes the slowly rotting skeleton of a whale on the seafloor near the South Sandwich Islands, between South America and Antarctica. Why is such a thing exciting to geologists? There are a couple of reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When whales die, they drop dead wherever they happen to be. If they beach themselves first, their corpses lie on the beach, but most whales pass away at sea and sink. Once on the seafloor, their decomposing bodies, called \"whale falls,\" amount to a winning lottery ticket for a host of creatures, which gather around the corpses and settle in to live off them. The flesh goes first, then come the fat-filled bones. The biological communities that arise may last for decades, perhaps centuries, depending on the local conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists are interested in whale falls as lovely self-contained examples of oceanic food chains. Geologists see whale falls as a rich study in \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/paleontology/qt/Taphonomy.htm\">taphonomy\u003c/a>, their name for everything that happens to organisms as they become fossilized. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you think about the exquisite fossils you see in museums, the marvel is how clean they are, as if a taxidermist had prepared them for burial. But nature is a lousy taxidermist. For every perfect museum skeleton there are drawers backstage stuffed with thousands of bony fragments, incomplete and imperfect in many ways. But what the fossil collector sees as lamentable damage, the paleontologist—specifically the taphonomist—sees as possible environmental data. Everything from the tooth marks of scavengers to the scrapes made by construction-site bulldozers is the kind of evidence that geology prizes for insight into the living world of the deep past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the first whale falls studied by scientists were found by the U.S. Navy while they were searching for something they'd dropped. Most whale-fall research, however, is done on carcasses that are towed away from beaches and deliberately placed on the seafloor. That kind of research is quite young, though, and to learn about the late stages of whale-fall existence we need natural examples that are older. It is way too expensive to just dive down and look around for them, so we have to grab the opportunities that arise while we're looking for other things. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new paper was published in the journal \u003ci>Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography\u003c/i> in January (\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064513000489\">read it online\u003c/a>). The British research ship \u003ca href=\"http://noc.ac.uk/research-at-sea/ships/rrs-james-cook\">\u003ci>James Cook\u003c/i>\u003c/a> was surveying a blown-out seafloor volcano full of hydrothermal vents (\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geoprocesses/ig/hydrothermal-features/white-smoker.htm\">white smokers\u003c/a>) when it spotted whale bones. The scientists alertly carried out a state-of-the-art study using the ship's underwater roving vehicle \u003ci>Isis\u003c/i>, making a thorough video survey and grabbing some bone samples. It is only the sixth time that a natural whale fall has been examined in this much detail, and the first case from the Southern Ocean where whales are most abundant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper is full of the kind of information that can be applied to fossils as we get our bearings in this field. The different stages of life on a whale fall leave different signs in the bones. The subject is complex, but that's what science is for. And the Bay Area's younger rocks, especially in the Santa Cruz area, are full of whale fossils. Modern whale falls can inform our understanding of the ancient times in which those whales lived and died around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another thing that interests geologists, especially students of evolution, about whale falls is their role in the deep sea environment. Hospitable places in the deep sea are stepping stones for life, like oases in a desert or gas stations in Nevada. Many of the same species on whale falls also live on hydrothermal vents, which exist only in places where tectonic plates are spreading apart. Whale falls are scattered more randomly and allow the vent species to \"island hop,\" keeping the seafloor a unified biome. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These matters are relevant to how Earth operates. The deep seafloor can be a source of new species when mass extinctions strike the surface world, and vice versa. How did this work before whales existed? Are there signs in the fossil record, or in the genetic records of living species, of this process at work in the past? Those are the scientific topics that this new set of whale bones will help us address.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Why is a rotting whale on the Antarctic seafloor exciting to geologists?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366389232,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":757},"headData":{"title":"Scientists Celebrate a Long-Dead Whale | KQED","description":"Why is a rotting whale on the Antarctic seafloor exciting to geologists?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Scientists Celebrate a Long-Dead Whale","datePublished":"2013-03-21T19:04:14.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-19T16:33:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"51210 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=51210","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/21/scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale/","disqusTitle":"Scientists Celebrate a Long-Dead Whale","path":"/quest/51210/scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51212\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/21/scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale/whalefall/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-51212\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/whalefall-300x169.png\" alt=\"Fallen whale carcasses nurture a variety of deep-sea life from large crabs and fish to thick coats of bacteria. Photo courtesy neptunecanada of Flickr via Creative Commons\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-51212\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fallen whale carcasses nurture a variety of deep-sea life from large crabs and fish to thick coats of bacteria. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/neptunecanada/7329819240/\" target=\"_blank\">neptunecanada of Flickr\u003c/a> via Creative Commons\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A new paper describes the slowly rotting skeleton of a whale on the seafloor near the South Sandwich Islands, between South America and Antarctica. Why is such a thing exciting to geologists? There are a couple of reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When whales die, they drop dead wherever they happen to be. If they beach themselves first, their corpses lie on the beach, but most whales pass away at sea and sink. Once on the seafloor, their decomposing bodies, called \"whale falls,\" amount to a winning lottery ticket for a host of creatures, which gather around the corpses and settle in to live off them. The flesh goes first, then come the fat-filled bones. The biological communities that arise may last for decades, perhaps centuries, depending on the local conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologists are interested in whale falls as lovely self-contained examples of oceanic food chains. Geologists see whale falls as a rich study in \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/paleontology/qt/Taphonomy.htm\">taphonomy\u003c/a>, their name for everything that happens to organisms as they become fossilized. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you think about the exquisite fossils you see in museums, the marvel is how clean they are, as if a taxidermist had prepared them for burial. But nature is a lousy taxidermist. For every perfect museum skeleton there are drawers backstage stuffed with thousands of bony fragments, incomplete and imperfect in many ways. But what the fossil collector sees as lamentable damage, the paleontologist—specifically the taphonomist—sees as possible environmental data. Everything from the tooth marks of scavengers to the scrapes made by construction-site bulldozers is the kind of evidence that geology prizes for insight into the living world of the deep past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the first whale falls studied by scientists were found by the U.S. Navy while they were searching for something they'd dropped. Most whale-fall research, however, is done on carcasses that are towed away from beaches and deliberately placed on the seafloor. That kind of research is quite young, though, and to learn about the late stages of whale-fall existence we need natural examples that are older. It is way too expensive to just dive down and look around for them, so we have to grab the opportunities that arise while we're looking for other things. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new paper was published in the journal \u003ci>Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography\u003c/i> in January (\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064513000489\">read it online\u003c/a>). The British research ship \u003ca href=\"http://noc.ac.uk/research-at-sea/ships/rrs-james-cook\">\u003ci>James Cook\u003c/i>\u003c/a> was surveying a blown-out seafloor volcano full of hydrothermal vents (\u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geoprocesses/ig/hydrothermal-features/white-smoker.htm\">white smokers\u003c/a>) when it spotted whale bones. The scientists alertly carried out a state-of-the-art study using the ship's underwater roving vehicle \u003ci>Isis\u003c/i>, making a thorough video survey and grabbing some bone samples. It is only the sixth time that a natural whale fall has been examined in this much detail, and the first case from the Southern Ocean where whales are most abundant. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper is full of the kind of information that can be applied to fossils as we get our bearings in this field. The different stages of life on a whale fall leave different signs in the bones. The subject is complex, but that's what science is for. And the Bay Area's younger rocks, especially in the Santa Cruz area, are full of whale fossils. Modern whale falls can inform our understanding of the ancient times in which those whales lived and died around here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another thing that interests geologists, especially students of evolution, about whale falls is their role in the deep sea environment. Hospitable places in the deep sea are stepping stones for life, like oases in a desert or gas stations in Nevada. Many of the same species on whale falls also live on hydrothermal vents, which exist only in places where tectonic plates are spreading apart. Whale falls are scattered more randomly and allow the vent species to \"island hop,\" keeping the seafloor a unified biome. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These matters are relevant to how Earth operates. The deep seafloor can be a source of new species when mass extinctions strike the surface world, and vice versa. How did this work before whales existed? Are there signs in the fossil record, or in the genetic records of living species, of this process at work in the past? Those are the scientific topics that this new set of whale bones will help us address.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/51210/scientists-celebrate-a-long-dead-whale","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_176","quest_3405","quest_10690","quest_13202","quest_2564","quest_11857","quest_3143"],"featImg":"quest_51212","label":"quest"},"quest_19198":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_19198","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"19198","score":null,"sort":[1299175232000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"geological-outings-around-the-bay-pebble-beach","title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Pebble Beach","publishDate":1299175232,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebbeachintro.jpg\" title=\"pebbeachintro\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-12592\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Pebble Beach is on the coast just north of Bean Hollow State Beach. Come for the pebbles, stay for the rocks.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a weekday the last time I visited Pebble Beach, on the San Mateo coast just south of Pescadero, and several busloads of children came and went. They flocked to the pebbles, flung them high, and were off in their buses 15 minutes later leaving the beach to me. I did the same here when I was a kid, and you can too—the pebbles are wonderful—but I can show you a better time today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pebble Beach (also called Bean Hollow Beach North) is a great place to look at the deep sea floor without getting your feet wet. The rocks exposed there are scrubbed clean by surf and nicely tipped up on edge for easy viewing, and they present many instructive mysteries that students actually pay professors and buy textbooks to learn.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nBut first, about the pebbles. You get to the beach on Route 1 going south from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/28/greater-bay-area-geo-attractions-san-gregorio-beach/\">San Gregorio Beach\u003c/a>, which skirts the coast on flat land that is largely planted to artichokes and ranchettes. This tableland is a marine terrace or wave-cut platform. See the setting in the photo below, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiacoastline.org/cgi-bin/image.cgi?image=200400965&mode=sequential\">California Coastal Records Project\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebeachairview.jpg\" alt=\"aerial view of Pebble Beach\">\u003cbr>\nThe San Mateo coast is famous for these terraces, especially down around Santa Cruz. They are land that was cut flat by the sea during the Pleistocene epoch, then lifted by tectonic activity. The terraces consist of beach sand and offshore sediment from tens of thousands of years ago, and most of the pebbles of Pebble Beach are recycled from that Pleistocene gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now let's look at the geologic map of the area (from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-137/\">USGS Open-File Report 98-137\u003c/a>):\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebeachmap.png\" width=\"500\" alt=\"geologic map\">\u003cbr>\nPebble Beach is right where the symbol that says \"63\" is. The areas marked \"Qmt\" are the marine terraces. If you examine the red contours, which show elevation at 50-meter intervals, you'll see that the terraces occupy at least three different levels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rocks on the beach, revealed as the terrace is eroded away, are mapped in green and belong to the Pigeon Point Formation, a thick pile of former deep-sea sediments dating from the Late Cretaceous epoch, some time between 100 and 65 million years ago. That \"63\" symbol means that the beds of rock, originally horizontal, are tilted to an angle of 63 degrees. And here they are, exposed again just as the sea left them in the Pleistocene.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/unconform.jpg\" alt=\"unconformity\">\u003cbr>\nThe surface between the steeply dipping rocks and the horizontally bedded terrace deposits is called an angular unconformity. In this case it represents a gap in time of at least 65 million years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next five photos are cross-section views, shot looking directly down that 63-degree angle at the rocks.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebcgl.jpg\" alt=\"conglomerate\">\u003cbr>\nHere's where fine-grained siltstone, light-colored sandstone and cobblestone conglomerate are stacked. There's another angular unconformity between the siltstone and sandstone. And look at the wavy top surface of the sandstone—the conglomerate clearly arrived in a rush, pushing into the sandstone while it was still loose sand. This was a very active environment, an offshore basin where large amounts of coarse sediment washed down periodically in underwater landslides. In fact, it was rather like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/09/16/a-submarine-grand-canyon-offshore-central-california/\">offshore California today\u003c/a>. The many small stones embedded in these rocks were eroded free to become the gravel in the marine terrace. So the pebbles of Pebble Beach have been recycled two times, and maybe more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some more signs of vigorous activity, including load marks from heavy gravel landing on soft silt:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/loadstrucs.jpg\" alt=\"load structures\">\u003cbr>\nRip-up clasts are chunks of fine-grained seafloor that were swept up by strong sand flows:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/ripups.jpg\" alt=\"rip-up clasts\">\u003cbr>\nDrag-folded laminations show how overriding sand flows deformed the soft silt beneath them:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/draglam.jpg\" alt=\"laminations\">\u003cbr>\nAnd here are some tiny thin veins of bitumen, ancient organic matter that may once have been a mat of vegetation:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/bitumen.jpg\" alt=\"bitumen\">\u003cbr>\nThe final attraction of Pebble Beach is the honeycomb weathering, often called tafoni, that forms when salt air attacks clean sandstone:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/honeycomb.jpg\" alt=\"honeycomb weathering\">\u003cbr>\nToo bad the schoolkids can't stay all afternoon! But you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.2273608 -122.41097730\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Pebble Beach is a great place to look at the deep sea floor without getting your feet wet.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443827792,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":696},"headData":{"title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Pebble Beach | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Pebble Beach","datePublished":"2011-03-03T18:00:32.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-02T23:16:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"19198 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=12583","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/03/03/geological-outings-around-the-bay-pebble-beach/","disqusTitle":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Pebble Beach","path":"/quest/19198/geological-outings-around-the-bay-pebble-beach","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebbeachintro.jpg\" title=\"pebbeachintro\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-12592\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Pebble Beach is on the coast just north of Bean Hollow State Beach. Come for the pebbles, stay for the rocks.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a weekday the last time I visited Pebble Beach, on the San Mateo coast just south of Pescadero, and several busloads of children came and went. They flocked to the pebbles, flung them high, and were off in their buses 15 minutes later leaving the beach to me. I did the same here when I was a kid, and you can too—the pebbles are wonderful—but I can show you a better time today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pebble Beach (also called Bean Hollow Beach North) is a great place to look at the deep sea floor without getting your feet wet. The rocks exposed there are scrubbed clean by surf and nicely tipped up on edge for easy viewing, and they present many instructive mysteries that students actually pay professors and buy textbooks to learn.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nBut first, about the pebbles. You get to the beach on Route 1 going south from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/28/greater-bay-area-geo-attractions-san-gregorio-beach/\">San Gregorio Beach\u003c/a>, which skirts the coast on flat land that is largely planted to artichokes and ranchettes. This tableland is a marine terrace or wave-cut platform. See the setting in the photo below, from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiacoastline.org/cgi-bin/image.cgi?image=200400965&mode=sequential\">California Coastal Records Project\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebeachairview.jpg\" alt=\"aerial view of Pebble Beach\">\u003cbr>\nThe San Mateo coast is famous for these terraces, especially down around Santa Cruz. They are land that was cut flat by the sea during the Pleistocene epoch, then lifted by tectonic activity. The terraces consist of beach sand and offshore sediment from tens of thousands of years ago, and most of the pebbles of Pebble Beach are recycled from that Pleistocene gravel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now let's look at the geologic map of the area (from \u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-137/\">USGS Open-File Report 98-137\u003c/a>):\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebeachmap.png\" width=\"500\" alt=\"geologic map\">\u003cbr>\nPebble Beach is right where the symbol that says \"63\" is. The areas marked \"Qmt\" are the marine terraces. If you examine the red contours, which show elevation at 50-meter intervals, you'll see that the terraces occupy at least three different levels. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rocks on the beach, revealed as the terrace is eroded away, are mapped in green and belong to the Pigeon Point Formation, a thick pile of former deep-sea sediments dating from the Late Cretaceous epoch, some time between 100 and 65 million years ago. That \"63\" symbol means that the beds of rock, originally horizontal, are tilted to an angle of 63 degrees. And here they are, exposed again just as the sea left them in the Pleistocene.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/unconform.jpg\" alt=\"unconformity\">\u003cbr>\nThe surface between the steeply dipping rocks and the horizontally bedded terrace deposits is called an angular unconformity. In this case it represents a gap in time of at least 65 million years. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next five photos are cross-section views, shot looking directly down that 63-degree angle at the rocks.\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/pebcgl.jpg\" alt=\"conglomerate\">\u003cbr>\nHere's where fine-grained siltstone, light-colored sandstone and cobblestone conglomerate are stacked. There's another angular unconformity between the siltstone and sandstone. And look at the wavy top surface of the sandstone—the conglomerate clearly arrived in a rush, pushing into the sandstone while it was still loose sand. This was a very active environment, an offshore basin where large amounts of coarse sediment washed down periodically in underwater landslides. In fact, it was rather like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/09/16/a-submarine-grand-canyon-offshore-central-california/\">offshore California today\u003c/a>. The many small stones embedded in these rocks were eroded free to become the gravel in the marine terrace. So the pebbles of Pebble Beach have been recycled two times, and maybe more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some more signs of vigorous activity, including load marks from heavy gravel landing on soft silt:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/loadstrucs.jpg\" alt=\"load structures\">\u003cbr>\nRip-up clasts are chunks of fine-grained seafloor that were swept up by strong sand flows:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/ripups.jpg\" alt=\"rip-up clasts\">\u003cbr>\nDrag-folded laminations show how overriding sand flows deformed the soft silt beneath them:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/draglam.jpg\" alt=\"laminations\">\u003cbr>\nAnd here are some tiny thin veins of bitumen, ancient organic matter that may once have been a mat of vegetation:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/bitumen.jpg\" alt=\"bitumen\">\u003cbr>\nThe final attraction of Pebble Beach is the honeycomb weathering, often called tafoni, that forms when salt air attacks clean sandstone:\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/03/honeycomb.jpg\" alt=\"honeycomb weathering\">\u003cbr>\nToo bad the schoolkids can't stay all afternoon! But you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.2273608 -122.41097730\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/19198/geological-outings-around-the-bay-pebble-beach","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_294","quest_3535","quest_3697","quest_2233","quest_2447","quest_3385","quest_2564","quest_2577","quest_2885","quest_3810","quest_3812"],"featImg":"quest_12592","label":"quest"},"quest_9253":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_9253","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"9253","score":null,"sort":[1287073806000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate","title":"Sand Waves and the Golden Gate","publishDate":1287073806,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/bridge.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Seafloor under the Golden Gate Bridge, USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seafloor mapping of the San Francisco Bay and surrounding areas by marine scientists at the \u003ca href=\"http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/\">U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://seafloor.csumb.edu/index.html\">Cal State University at Monterey Bay's Sea Floor Mapping Lab (SFML)\u003c/a> is important for keeping shipping lanes safe, understanding pollution dispersal, mapping habitats, and much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://seafloor.csumb.edu/\">Mapping of the underwater topography\u003c/a> (called bathymetry) reveals landscapes fundamental to understanding the Bay Area's unique geology. The Golden Gate strait connects the San Francisco Bay to the open Pacific Ocean and is only one mile across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the tidal range in the Bay Area is not incredibly large, the narrowness of the Golden Gate creates a \u003ca href=\"http://funnel.sfsu.edu/courses/geol102/ex6.html\">funneling effect\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #800000\">\u003cem>\"Large volumes of water move into and out of San Francisco Bay as the tidal level of the Pacific Ocean just outside the Golden Gate changes each day. When the tide is changing from low to high levels, a flooding current moves water inland from (and through) the Golden Gate. When the tide is changing from high to low levels, an ebbing current moves water from inside the Bay toward (and through) the Golden Gate.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/sea_floor_mapping.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-9256 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/sea_floor_mapping.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"357\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The image above (from Cal State Monterey Bay) is a perspective image looking towards the east. The colors represent water depth with the reds and yellows as shallower water and the blue and purple deeper water. The prominent patterns in the foreground might look like ripple marks on the beach, but these sand waves are similar in scale to some sand dunes seen in deserts -- up to 30 feet tall and more than 700 feet from crest to crest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vigorous currents funneled through the Golden Gate continuously move sediment from underneath the bridge where it accumulates as these sand waves. But remember, this is a static snapshot of very dynamic systems. I'd love to see multiple repeat surveys that show how the field of sand waves change over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn more about the processes that move this sediment from \u003ca href=\"http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2006/09/research.html\">this USGS article\u003c/a> and in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/07/20/MNGU1K2AV91.DTL\">this SF Chronicle piece\u003c/a> from 2006, along with this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">QUEST story on 3-D seafloor mapping. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #ffffff\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">~\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">\u003cem>Images: (1) From USGS Scientific Investigations Map 2917, \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2917/\">Under the Golden Gate Bridge -- Views of the Seafloor Near the Entrance to San Francisco Bay\u003c/a>; (2) \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/coast/coast_data_and_products/seafloor.shtml\">Cal State Monterey Bay Sea Foor Mapping Lab\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.80121220680936 -122.53662873990834\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Mapping of the underwater topography (called bathymetry) reveals landscapes fundamental to understanding the Bay Area's unique geology. The Golden Gate strait connects the San Francisco Bay to the open Pacific Ocean and is only one mile across.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1287073806,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":396},"headData":{"title":"Sand Waves and the Golden Gate | KQED","description":"Mapping of the underwater topography (called bathymetry) reveals landscapes fundamental to understanding the Bay Area's unique geology. The Golden Gate strait connects the San Francisco Bay to the open Pacific Ocean and is only one mile across.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sand Waves and the Golden Gate","datePublished":"2010-10-14T16:30:06.000Z","dateModified":"2010-10-14T16:30:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"9253 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=9253","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/14/sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate/","disqusTitle":"Sand Waves and the Golden Gate","path":"/quest/9253/sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/bridge.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Seafloor under the Golden Gate Bridge, USGS\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seafloor mapping of the San Francisco Bay and surrounding areas by marine scientists at the \u003ca href=\"http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/\">U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://seafloor.csumb.edu/index.html\">Cal State University at Monterey Bay's Sea Floor Mapping Lab (SFML)\u003c/a> is important for keeping shipping lanes safe, understanding pollution dispersal, mapping habitats, and much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://seafloor.csumb.edu/\">Mapping of the underwater topography\u003c/a> (called bathymetry) reveals landscapes fundamental to understanding the Bay Area's unique geology. The Golden Gate strait connects the San Francisco Bay to the open Pacific Ocean and is only one mile across.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the tidal range in the Bay Area is not incredibly large, the narrowness of the Golden Gate creates a \u003ca href=\"http://funnel.sfsu.edu/courses/geol102/ex6.html\">funneling effect\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #800000\">\u003cem>\"Large volumes of water move into and out of San Francisco Bay as the tidal level of the Pacific Ocean just outside the Golden Gate changes each day. When the tide is changing from low to high levels, a flooding current moves water inland from (and through) the Golden Gate. When the tide is changing from high to low levels, an ebbing current moves water from inside the Bay toward (and through) the Golden Gate.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/sea_floor_mapping.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-9256 aligncenter\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/10/sea_floor_mapping.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"357\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The image above (from Cal State Monterey Bay) is a perspective image looking towards the east. The colors represent water depth with the reds and yellows as shallower water and the blue and purple deeper water. The prominent patterns in the foreground might look like ripple marks on the beach, but these sand waves are similar in scale to some sand dunes seen in deserts -- up to 30 feet tall and more than 700 feet from crest to crest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vigorous currents funneled through the Golden Gate continuously move sediment from underneath the bridge where it accumulates as these sand waves. But remember, this is a static snapshot of very dynamic systems. I'd love to see multiple repeat surveys that show how the field of sand waves change over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Learn more about the processes that move this sediment from \u003ca href=\"http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2006/09/research.html\">this USGS article\u003c/a> and in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2006/07/20/MNGU1K2AV91.DTL\">this SF Chronicle piece\u003c/a> from 2006, along with this \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">QUEST story on 3-D seafloor mapping. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #ffffff\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">~\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/sea-3d-charting-the-ocean-floor\">\u003cem>Images: (1) From USGS Scientific Investigations Map 2917, \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2006/2917/\">Under the Golden Gate Bridge -- Views of the Seafloor Near the Entrance to San Francisco Bay\u003c/a>; (2) \u003ca href=\"http://www.calstate.edu/coast/coast_data_and_products/seafloor.shtml\">Cal State Monterey Bay Sea Foor Mapping Lab\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.80121220680936 -122.53662873990834\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/9253/sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate","authors":["10171"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_13200","quest_1739","quest_2034","quest_2038","quest_2486","quest_2487","quest_2564","quest_2576"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. 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Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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