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Singularities Surround Us
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Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big
Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big
Opportunity is Still Rockin'!
Planetary Robotic Roundup
Sponsored
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Joan got her start making science television back in 1998 when she joined the team at Sea Studios in Monterey, working as a researcher and production coordinator on \u003ca href=\"http://nationalgeographic.com/channel/\">National Geographic Television\u003c/a> projects for 4 years. Following that she pursued a career in features and network television down in Los Angeles, working on seven full length feature films, three television shows and several pilots. Joan graduated in 1993 from U.C. Santa Cruz with honors in Biology, and spent several years working as a marine biologist, naturalist and SCUBA guide. Originally from San Francisco, Joan is thrilled to be home and working on QUEST, fulfilling a long-term goal of combining her interests in science and entertainment.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Joan Johnson | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/joan-johnson"},"dan-gillick":{"type":"authors","id":"10207","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10207","found":true},"name":"Dan Gillick","firstName":"Dan","lastName":"Gillick","slug":"dan-gillick","email":"dgillick@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Dan Gillick is an intern for QUEST. Originally from Boston, he’s been seduced by the Bay Area, where he’s working on a PhD in computer science at Berkeley. He teaches artificial intelligence to undergrads, writes and edits for the \u003ca href=\"http://sciencereview.berkeley.edu/\">Berkeley Science Review\u003c/a>, and occasionally makes small advances in the field of \"automatic document summarization,\" which he hopes will be useful some day. When the weather is nice, he has trouble not thinking about playing volleyball on the beach.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/439e3c8adf563b2c49f36d5daa441b15?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Dan Gillick | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/439e3c8adf563b2c49f36d5daa441b15?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/439e3c8adf563b2c49f36d5daa441b15?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dan-gillick"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_88361":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_88361","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"88361","score":null,"sort":[1445547766000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","title":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots","publishDate":1445547766,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13394,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">View the e-book\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA have teamed up with researchers at University of California, Berkeley to design and engineer what might be the next generation of space-exploring robots. These robots are wildly different than traditional rovers, which are super expensive, really heavy and hard to land. The new robots are based on a type of structure known as a \"tensegrity\" structure. The rigid parts of the robot are held together with cables instead of being directly connected by bolts or screws. This allows these robots to be lighter, cheaper and more robust than traditional rovers. The eventual idea is to be able to equip these robots with instruments (like cameras and lasers), pack a bunch of them into a space shuttle, and then drop them from orbit so they can roam and explore a planet or moon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards, the new media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> details the process for how researchers and engineers are designing these new space-exploring robots. The e-book contains a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">video\u003c/a> that shows the engineering design process for the tensegrity robots as well as a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/19/science-spotlight-how-to-build-a-model-of-a-future-space-exploring-robot/\">Science Spotlight video\u003c/a> that describes how students can make their own tensegrity models using just straws and rubber bands. A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/09/28/career-spotlight-robotics-engineer/\">Career Spotlight video\u003c/a> about a robotics engineer at NASA Ames rounds out the media collection in this e-book. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> is the fifth e-book in our \"Engineering Is...\" series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED’s e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Explore the fifth e-book in our Engineering Is... series, all about future space-exploring robots.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1471475474,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":293},"headData":{"title":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots | KQED","description":"Explore the fifth e-book in our Engineering Is... series, all about future space-exploring robots.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"88361 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=88361","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/22/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/","disqusTitle":"E-book: Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots","path":"/quest/88361/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">View the e-book\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA have teamed up with researchers at University of California, Berkeley to design and engineer what might be the next generation of space-exploring robots. These robots are wildly different than traditional rovers, which are super expensive, really heavy and hard to land. The new robots are based on a type of structure known as a \"tensegrity\" structure. The rigid parts of the robot are held together with cables instead of being directly connected by bolts or screws. This allows these robots to be lighter, cheaper and more robust than traditional rovers. The eventual idea is to be able to equip these robots with instruments (like cameras and lasers), pack a bunch of them into a space shuttle, and then drop them from orbit so they can roam and explore a planet or moon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards, the new media-rich e-book from QUEST, \u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> details the process for how researchers and engineers are designing these new space-exploring robots. The e-book contains a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">video\u003c/a> that shows the engineering design process for the tensegrity robots as well as a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/19/science-spotlight-how-to-build-a-model-of-a-future-space-exploring-robot/\">Science Spotlight video\u003c/a> that describes how students can make their own tensegrity models using just straws and rubber bands. A \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/09/28/career-spotlight-robotics-engineer/\">Career Spotlight video\u003c/a> about a robotics engineer at NASA Ames rounds out the media collection in this e-book. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://space.woop.ie/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/a> is the fifth e-book in our \"Engineering Is...\" series and is available to view on your computer, tablet and smartphone, for free. You can find links to all of KQED’s e-books at \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/education/e-books/\">kqed.org/ebooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/88361/e-book-engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots","authors":["6544"],"categories":["quest_12981","quest_8"],"tags":["quest_12946","quest_13152","quest_3351","quest_2441","quest_2739","quest_11296"],"collections":["quest_13394"],"featImg":"quest_88756","label":"quest_13394"},"quest_82283":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_82283","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"82283","score":null,"sort":[1444352302000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"outside-the-box-robotics-activities","title":"Outside-the-Box Robotics Activities","publishDate":1444352302,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who doesn’t love robots? With a growing culture of makers, tinkerers and hackers, robotics can be a great way to excite and educate students about science, technology, engineering, math and computer science. However, introducing robotics projects and activities in the classroom can often be time-consuming, expensive and intimidating for teachers. So to help you out, here’s a list of some fun, easy-to-implement or inexpensive project ideas for both inside and outside the classroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pbskids.org/designsquad/build/bristle-bots/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Build a Bristle Bot\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This Design Squad activity uses simple supplies like the toothbrush heads, wires, scissors, tape, rubber bands, a button cell battery, and a 1- or 3-volt motor (you can probably find one in an old cellphone--it’s what causes your phone to vibrate--but you can also buy one new). Essentially, you attach the toothbrush head to the motor, connect it to a battery and off it goes. You could even dip these robots in paint and use them to paint a giant picture. This is a great activity to teach about circuitry or even \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.precisionmicrodrives.com/vibrating-vibrator-vibration-motors\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how motors work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">RobotBasic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Don’t have the materials or time to make a robot? That’s okay, you can still have students learn programming skills by using \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">RobotBasic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a free robotic simulator. RobotBasic offers free PDF downloads of introductory robot-based projects for schools. Check out their \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/7.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">resources\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for helping educators get started with teaching programming.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nsta.org/publications/news/story.aspx?id=51677\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Girls, Robots and Education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deconstruct a broken toy robot, or bring in toy robots and run some experiments. In the article “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nsta.org/publications/news/story.aspx?id=51677\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Girls, Robots and Education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” authors \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">J. Jill Rogers, Marylin Lisowski, and Amy A. Rogers suggest having students “dissect” old robots and identify the various robot parts. Alternatively, you could ask students to bring in toy robots, or collect several yourself, and have students set up experiments to see if they can determine the types and locations of sensors in their toy robots. Check out the article for more details and resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.popsci.com/build-umbrella-stand-outsmarts-rain\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Build an Umbrella Stand that OutSmarts the Rain\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This may not be as easy to implement or inexpensive as the others, but it’s just so cool. Definitely more advanced than the others on this list, this activity uses \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://littlebits.cc/cloud?utm_source=ShareASale&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_campaign=966033\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">littleBits\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> modules to hook up an umbrella stand to a weather API. Using some programming, you can get the stand to light up if it’s going to rain, indicating you should take your umbrella with you when you go out. These instructions call for a 3D printer to make the stand itself, but you could probably build an umbrella stand based on materials you have around the home or classroom, which would offer the added bonus of providing an engineering challenge--making an umbrella stand from scratch!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if you’re looking for some media about robotics, check out our short video\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/search/?q=Robotics&selected_facets=&selected_facets=media_type_exact%3AVideo&selected_facets=media_type_exact%3ACollection&order=&page=1\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PBS LearningMedia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is also a great resource to find media on a variety of topics, including robotics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’d love to get your input too. Do you already incorporate robotics activities in your classroom? Do you have recommendations? If you try one of these activities, let us know how it goes. Write to us in the comments below or tweet us @KQEDedspace.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Looking for fun and easy robotics activities? Here are five resources to get you started.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1444854110,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":555},"headData":{"title":"Outside-the-Box Robotics Activities | KQED","description":"Looking for fun and easy robotics activities? Here are five resources to get you started.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"82283 http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/?p=82283","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/08/outside-the-box-robotics-activities/","disqusTitle":"Outside-the-Box Robotics Activities","source":"Engineering","path":"/quest/82283/outside-the-box-robotics-activities","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who doesn’t love robots? With a growing culture of makers, tinkerers and hackers, robotics can be a great way to excite and educate students about science, technology, engineering, math and computer science. However, introducing robotics projects and activities in the classroom can often be time-consuming, expensive and intimidating for teachers. So to help you out, here’s a list of some fun, easy-to-implement or inexpensive project ideas for both inside and outside the classroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pbskids.org/designsquad/build/bristle-bots/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Build a Bristle Bot\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This Design Squad activity uses simple supplies like the toothbrush heads, wires, scissors, tape, rubber bands, a button cell battery, and a 1- or 3-volt motor (you can probably find one in an old cellphone--it’s what causes your phone to vibrate--but you can also buy one new). Essentially, you attach the toothbrush head to the motor, connect it to a battery and off it goes. You could even dip these robots in paint and use them to paint a giant picture. This is a great activity to teach about circuitry or even \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.precisionmicrodrives.com/vibrating-vibrator-vibration-motors\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how motors work\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">RobotBasic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Don’t have the materials or time to make a robot? That’s okay, you can still have students learn programming skills by using \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/index.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">RobotBasic\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a free robotic simulator. RobotBasic offers free PDF downloads of introductory robot-based projects for schools. Check out their \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://robotbasic.org/7.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">resources\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for helping educators get started with teaching programming.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nsta.org/publications/news/story.aspx?id=51677\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Girls, Robots and Education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deconstruct a broken toy robot, or bring in toy robots and run some experiments. In the article “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nsta.org/publications/news/story.aspx?id=51677\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Girls, Robots and Education\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” authors \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">J. Jill Rogers, Marylin Lisowski, and Amy A. Rogers suggest having students “dissect” old robots and identify the various robot parts. Alternatively, you could ask students to bring in toy robots, or collect several yourself, and have students set up experiments to see if they can determine the types and locations of sensors in their toy robots. Check out the article for more details and resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.popsci.com/build-umbrella-stand-outsmarts-rain\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Build an Umbrella Stand that OutSmarts the Rain\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This may not be as easy to implement or inexpensive as the others, but it’s just so cool. Definitely more advanced than the others on this list, this activity uses \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://littlebits.cc/cloud?utm_source=ShareASale&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_campaign=966033\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">littleBits\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> modules to hook up an umbrella stand to a weather API. Using some programming, you can get the stand to light up if it’s going to rain, indicating you should take your umbrella with you when you go out. These instructions call for a 3D printer to make the stand itself, but you could probably build an umbrella stand based on materials you have around the home or classroom, which would offer the added bonus of providing an engineering challenge--making an umbrella stand from scratch!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And if you’re looking for some media about robotics, check out our short video\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/10/01/engineering-is-exploring-space-with-shape-shifting-robots/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Engineering Is Exploring Space with Shape-Shifting Robots\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/search/?q=Robotics&selected_facets=&selected_facets=media_type_exact%3AVideo&selected_facets=media_type_exact%3ACollection&order=&page=1\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PBS LearningMedia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is also a great resource to find media on a variety of topics, including robotics.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’d love to get your input too. Do you already incorporate robotics activities in your classroom? Do you have recommendations? If you try one of these activities, let us know how it goes. Write to us in the comments below or tweet us @KQEDedspace.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/82283/outside-the-box-robotics-activities","authors":["6544"],"categories":["quest_8"],"tags":["quest_64","quest_13154","quest_13395","quest_2441","quest_2443"],"collections":["quest_13394"],"featImg":"quest_82286","label":"source_quest_82283"},"quest_42977":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_42977","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"42977","score":null,"sort":[1345829620000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious","title":"NASA's New Mars Rover: Armed and Curious","publishDate":1345829620,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_42985\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/24/nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious/armedandcurious/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-42985\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-42985\" title=\"NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious.jpg\" alt=\"NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Space exploration has caught up with science fiction (again): we have deployed laser-armed nuclear-powered robot on Mars, and nearly two weeks after landing, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory, the rover Curiosity, has fired that weapon on a Martian...rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain images from sci-fi classics come to mind. Remember, \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" when \u003ca title=\"Gort\" href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/03/Gort_Firing.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Gort\u003c/a>, the golem-like space-cop-bot, went about melting soldiers' rifles with an incinerating ray? Recall how the Robinsons became \"lost in space\" when their reprogrammed automaton when berserk with its electric bolts? And who can forget when dear old R2D2 finally let slip that he/she/it is armed and dangerous when he/she/it zapped the little gremlin from the planet FrankOz? This \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the droid you want...Ah, good times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rover Curiosity is equipped with ten different scientific experiments, perhaps the flashiest one being a spectrometer. A spectrometer sorts and analyzes the wavelengths (colors) of light emitted by an object: the light's spectrum. Every chemical element and compound shines a unique spectrum, so sorting out the different wavelengths present reveals the source's composition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spectrometers are a powerful tool for astronomers and geologists alike. We first learned that stars are composed mostly of hydrogen and helium through spectroscopic measurements, and in the same way we also detected the presence of dozens of other chemicals on the sun. (As an aside, helium was named for the sun—Helios, in Greek—because it was detected there by spectrometers before it was discovered on Earth.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an environment like Mars, where the visible light shining from the rocks and soil of the landscape is merely reflected sunlight, using a spectrometer doesn't tell you much about the composition of the rocks and soil! That's where the dangerous, high-powered laser comes in. By firing the laser on a rock or a spot of soil, a small bit of it is vaporized and glows with its own light. Then, Curiosity's spectrometer can do its work and analyze the emitted light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's just what it did, for the first time, on August 19, firing its laser multiple times on a spot on \u003ca title=\"ChemCam target practice\" href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/media/medialibrary/2012/08/20/laserspot_strip2.jpg/image_full\" target=\"_blank\">a nearby rock\u003c/a> and sending the \u003ca title=\"ChemCam spectral analysis\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/multimedia/pia16089.html\" target=\"_blank\">resulting spectrum\u003c/a> back to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This first shot fired on Mars made for a nice harvest of chemistry: titanium, manganese, calcium, iron, aluminum, silicon, carbon and hydrogen—no big surprises; we already knew that Mars isn't composed of unobtanium, but the same chemicals and minerals that make up the Earth. The sample fired upon turns out to be a form of basalt, a volcanic rock common on Mars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Curiosity makes its way up the slopes of sediments that make up Mt. Sharp, the tall mountain in the center of Gale Crater, the rover's landing site, it will use the laser and spectrometer, along with its array of other chemistry experiments, to build up a picture of Mars' geologic history, sorting out what minerals were most abundant at what times in the past. The aim is to build a clear timeline of Mars' transformation from its once warmer, wetter stages to its present state as a cold, dry desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's exciting to think that, as Curiosity rolls up the mountain, moving from the most ancient layers of sediment upward through the eons toward today's Mars, its wheels will be treading the materials left behind by Mars' past environments and climates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if life ever arose on the Red Planet and left behind telltale chemicals, those wheels will make contact with Martians! (Sort of.) Imagine the light that laser will shed on our perception of Mars once and if Curiosity delivers the news that, yes, there is (or was) life out there. \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Space exploration has caught up with science fiction (again): we have deployed laser-armed nuclear-powered robot on Mars, and nearly two weeks after landing, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory, the rover Curiosity, has fired that weapon on a Martian rock.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1370998464,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":639},"headData":{"title":"NASA's New Mars Rover: Armed and Curious | KQED","description":"Space exploration has caught up with science fiction (again): we have deployed laser-armed nuclear-powered robot on Mars, and nearly two weeks after landing, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory, the rover Curiosity, has fired that weapon on a Martian rock.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"42977 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=42977","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/24/nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious/","disqusTitle":"NASA's New Mars Rover: Armed and Curious","path":"/quest/42977/nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_42985\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/24/nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious/armedandcurious/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-42985\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-42985\" title=\"NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious.jpg\" alt=\"NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/armedandcurious-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and ChemCam\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Space exploration has caught up with science fiction (again): we have deployed laser-armed nuclear-powered robot on Mars, and nearly two weeks after landing, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory, the rover Curiosity, has fired that weapon on a Martian...rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain images from sci-fi classics come to mind. Remember, \"The Day the Earth Stood Still\" when \u003ca title=\"Gort\" href=\"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/03/Gort_Firing.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Gort\u003c/a>, the golem-like space-cop-bot, went about melting soldiers' rifles with an incinerating ray? Recall how the Robinsons became \"lost in space\" when their reprogrammed automaton when berserk with its electric bolts? And who can forget when dear old R2D2 finally let slip that he/she/it is armed and dangerous when he/she/it zapped the little gremlin from the planet FrankOz? This \u003cem>is\u003c/em> the droid you want...Ah, good times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rover Curiosity is equipped with ten different scientific experiments, perhaps the flashiest one being a spectrometer. A spectrometer sorts and analyzes the wavelengths (colors) of light emitted by an object: the light's spectrum. Every chemical element and compound shines a unique spectrum, so sorting out the different wavelengths present reveals the source's composition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spectrometers are a powerful tool for astronomers and geologists alike. We first learned that stars are composed mostly of hydrogen and helium through spectroscopic measurements, and in the same way we also detected the presence of dozens of other chemicals on the sun. (As an aside, helium was named for the sun—Helios, in Greek—because it was detected there by spectrometers before it was discovered on Earth.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in an environment like Mars, where the visible light shining from the rocks and soil of the landscape is merely reflected sunlight, using a spectrometer doesn't tell you much about the composition of the rocks and soil! That's where the dangerous, high-powered laser comes in. By firing the laser on a rock or a spot of soil, a small bit of it is vaporized and glows with its own light. Then, Curiosity's spectrometer can do its work and analyze the emitted light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's just what it did, for the first time, on August 19, firing its laser multiple times on a spot on \u003ca title=\"ChemCam target practice\" href=\"http://science.nasa.gov/media/medialibrary/2012/08/20/laserspot_strip2.jpg/image_full\" target=\"_blank\">a nearby rock\u003c/a> and sending the \u003ca title=\"ChemCam spectral analysis\" href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/multimedia/pia16089.html\" target=\"_blank\">resulting spectrum\u003c/a> back to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This first shot fired on Mars made for a nice harvest of chemistry: titanium, manganese, calcium, iron, aluminum, silicon, carbon and hydrogen—no big surprises; we already knew that Mars isn't composed of unobtanium, but the same chemicals and minerals that make up the Earth. The sample fired upon turns out to be a form of basalt, a volcanic rock common on Mars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Curiosity makes its way up the slopes of sediments that make up Mt. Sharp, the tall mountain in the center of Gale Crater, the rover's landing site, it will use the laser and spectrometer, along with its array of other chemistry experiments, to build up a picture of Mars' geologic history, sorting out what minerals were most abundant at what times in the past. The aim is to build a clear timeline of Mars' transformation from its once warmer, wetter stages to its present state as a cold, dry desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's exciting to think that, as Curiosity rolls up the mountain, moving from the most ancient layers of sediment upward through the eons toward today's Mars, its wheels will be treading the materials left behind by Mars' past environments and climates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, if life ever arose on the Red Planet and left behind telltale chemicals, those wheels will make contact with Martians! (Sort of.) Imagine the light that laser will shed on our perception of Mars once and if Curiosity delivers the news that, yes, there is (or was) life out there. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/42977/nasas-new-mars-rover-armed-and-curious","authors":["6180"],"categories":["quest_3"],"tags":["quest_544","quest_742","quest_1615","quest_1751","quest_3647","quest_1918","quest_13202","quest_2441"],"featImg":"quest_42985","label":"quest"},"quest_3392":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3392","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3392","score":null,"sort":[1268762691000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"singularities-surround-us","title":"Singularities Surround Us","publishDate":1268762691,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/08/i-robot07.jpg\">\u003cem>Robotic domination in I, Robot\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ray Kurzweil's book \u003cem>The Singularity is Near\u003c/em> is becoming something of a cult sensation. The 672-page paperback version of the book is ranked 1,494th on Amazon (on par with \u003cem>The Great Gatsby\u003c/em>). Recently, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Kurzweil\">Kurzweil\u003c/a> announced a Google-backed \u003ca href=\"http://singularityu.org/\">Singularity University\u003c/a> ($25,000 for a 9 week summer program; $12,000 for a 3 day \"Executive Program\"), lending a touch of academic rigor to an idea that has lived mostly in science fiction. For the time and budget conscious, a rash of Singularity-themed \u003ca href=\"http://singularityhub.com/2009/08/13/four-singularity-movies-the-world-wants-the-future/\">documentaries\u003c/a> is now on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Singularity, as I understand it, is the point in time when computers will be smart enough to build even smarter computers, effectively removing humans from the design-build loop of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Kurzweil predicts 2050. That means I'll be 68 when the robots take over!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Predicting the future is no walk in the park, but when it comes to Artificial Intelligence, everyone's packing a lunch. So while I won't try to argue that Kurzweil is wrong (I think he is), it's good to place his predictions in the cultural history of wildly inaccurate AI speculation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these predictions, both made by outstanding computer scientists actively involved in AI research:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul type=\"disc\">\n\u003cli>1965, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Simon\">Herbert Simon\u003c/a>: \"machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1970, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_minsky\">Marvin Minsky\u003c/a>: \"In from three to eight years we will have a machine with the general intelligence of an average human being.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, these claims were not even remotely true. In fact, the whole history of AI has been one of boom and bust cycles, the product of misplaced exuberant optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take, for example, the case of machine translation. During the Cold War, the problem of automatically translating intercepted Russian messages received considerable military funding. A 1954 Georgetown-IBM demonstration (translations of 49 chemistry-themed sentences with a 250-word vocabulary) captured public interest and spawned considerable investment, especially as the researchers claimed that the general translation problem would be solved in 3-5 years. When progress turned out to be much slower, funding was cut, and research all but stopped between 1965 and 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Translation research has seen a significant resurgence, especially since I've been in graduate school (for computer science), mostly due to statistical methods. Rather than frame the translation of Russian into English as a series of rules (translate word R3 into word E3; switch the order of words E2 and E4; etc.) written by expert bilingual humans, research consists of building models trained from many examples of translated sentences (word R3 translates to word E3 with probability 0.6; word E3 appears after E2 with probability 0.2; etc.) so that the translation of a Russian sentence is the sequence of English words with the largest total probability, according to the model. The statistical approach is less ambitious-today's models are too simple to capture all of language's nuances-but far more successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kurzweil's Singularity prediction is based on exponential growth. The idea is that because computers have been \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law\">doubling in speed every two years\u003c/a> or so (that's a factor of 1,000 in just 20 years; 1,000,000 in 40 years) huge paradigm shifts are actually quite close. But aside from the issue that computer chips have plateaued due to limits imposed by silicon's insulation ability and the speed of light (new computers have multiple CPUs), progress in automatic translation does not follow the law of exponential progress. Rather, there have been a few periods of dramatic improvement, followed by long periods of very gradual development. This is the trend for the majority of important AI problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, while speculating about the future is both interesting and important, I'd be wary of anyone trying to sell you $12,000 of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Thinking about our robotic future is interesting and important, but don't trust anyone who thinks they know exactly what and when.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1268762691,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":652},"headData":{"title":"Singularities Surround Us | KQED","description":"Thinking about our robotic future is interesting and important, but don't trust anyone who thinks they know exactly what and when.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"3392 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3392","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/03/16/singularities-surround-us/","disqusTitle":"Singularities Surround Us","path":"/quest/3392/singularities-surround-us","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/08/i-robot07.jpg\">\u003cem>Robotic domination in I, Robot\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ray Kurzweil's book \u003cem>The Singularity is Near\u003c/em> is becoming something of a cult sensation. The 672-page paperback version of the book is ranked 1,494th on Amazon (on par with \u003cem>The Great Gatsby\u003c/em>). Recently, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Kurzweil\">Kurzweil\u003c/a> announced a Google-backed \u003ca href=\"http://singularityu.org/\">Singularity University\u003c/a> ($25,000 for a 9 week summer program; $12,000 for a 3 day \"Executive Program\"), lending a touch of academic rigor to an idea that has lived mostly in science fiction. For the time and budget conscious, a rash of Singularity-themed \u003ca href=\"http://singularityhub.com/2009/08/13/four-singularity-movies-the-world-wants-the-future/\">documentaries\u003c/a> is now on the horizon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Singularity, as I understand it, is the point in time when computers will be smart enough to build even smarter computers, effectively removing humans from the design-build loop of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Kurzweil predicts 2050. That means I'll be 68 when the robots take over!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Predicting the future is no walk in the park, but when it comes to Artificial Intelligence, everyone's packing a lunch. So while I won't try to argue that Kurzweil is wrong (I think he is), it's good to place his predictions in the cultural history of wildly inaccurate AI speculation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these predictions, both made by outstanding computer scientists actively involved in AI research:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul type=\"disc\">\n\u003cli>1965, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Simon\">Herbert Simon\u003c/a>: \"machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1970, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_minsky\">Marvin Minsky\u003c/a>: \"In from three to eight years we will have a machine with the general intelligence of an average human being.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, these claims were not even remotely true. In fact, the whole history of AI has been one of boom and bust cycles, the product of misplaced exuberant optimism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take, for example, the case of machine translation. During the Cold War, the problem of automatically translating intercepted Russian messages received considerable military funding. A 1954 Georgetown-IBM demonstration (translations of 49 chemistry-themed sentences with a 250-word vocabulary) captured public interest and spawned considerable investment, especially as the researchers claimed that the general translation problem would be solved in 3-5 years. When progress turned out to be much slower, funding was cut, and research all but stopped between 1965 and 1993.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Translation research has seen a significant resurgence, especially since I've been in graduate school (for computer science), mostly due to statistical methods. Rather than frame the translation of Russian into English as a series of rules (translate word R3 into word E3; switch the order of words E2 and E4; etc.) written by expert bilingual humans, research consists of building models trained from many examples of translated sentences (word R3 translates to word E3 with probability 0.6; word E3 appears after E2 with probability 0.2; etc.) so that the translation of a Russian sentence is the sequence of English words with the largest total probability, according to the model. The statistical approach is less ambitious-today's models are too simple to capture all of language's nuances-but far more successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kurzweil's Singularity prediction is based on exponential growth. The idea is that because computers have been \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law\">doubling in speed every two years\u003c/a> or so (that's a factor of 1,000 in just 20 years; 1,000,000 in 40 years) huge paradigm shifts are actually quite close. But aside from the issue that computer chips have plateaued due to limits imposed by silicon's insulation ability and the speed of light (new computers have multiple CPUs), progress in automatic translation does not follow the law of exponential progress. Rather, there have been a few periods of dramatic improvement, followed by long periods of very gradual development. This is the trend for the majority of important AI problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, while speculating about the future is both interesting and important, I'd be wary of anyone trying to sell you $12,000 of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.762611 -122.409719\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3392/singularities-surround-us","authors":["10207"],"categories":["quest_8"],"tags":["quest_220","quest_1157","quest_1589","quest_2441","quest_2638"],"label":"quest"},"quest_895":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_895","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"895","score":null,"sort":[1224612983000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"producers-notes-for-bio-inspiration-nature-as-muse","title":"Producer's Notes for Bio-inspiration: Nature as Muse","publishDate":1224612983,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>I was a biologist once, before I got into television, so I find these times particularly trying when I see schoolteachers and otherwise intelligent people calling evolution into question. That's part of the reason that I jumped at the chance to co-produce a story about bio-inspiration (the other reason being that I LOVE geckos...which will make more sense if you watch our QUEST \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/bioinspiration-nature-as-muse\">Bio-inspiration segment\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/10/217a_bio300-21.jpg\" alt=\"217a_bio300-2\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-899\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bio-inspired design borrows its creative inspiration from models and systems in nature, that is, plant and animal parts that have been slowly tweaked for over 3.8 billion years. But that doesn't mean that nature's designs are perfect. In fact, that's what makes the process of engineering things based on natural models so difficult. You have to figure out how to pull the aces from the evolutionary discard pile. As professor Bob Full at U.C. Berkeley explained in our first phone conversation, that's also why scientists now use the term \"bio-inspiration\" rather than the more commonly known term \"biomimicry.\" Biologists and engineers are not looking to simply mimic nature, because there are all kinds of dead ends and redundancies in natural systems that would be pointless to recreate in an optimized, man-made piece of technology. One of the examples he gave me is a kind of grasshopper that if you were to copy it, you would copy neurons that go to nothing, they don't connect to any muscles, and that's because during evolution the adults lost their ability to fly. The neurons going to the muscles are still there, but the muscles aren't there anymore. No need to copy that, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what a biomimeticist does is look to nature to find plants & animals with remarkable performance abilities, and studies their adaptations for inspiration to design something new. For example, if you want to make a tiny robot that can fly, then look at the best fliers. If you want to design a blade that moves quickly through fluids, or an Olympic swimsuit that minimizes drag, then look to the most efficient swimmers. Now that's what I call \"intelligent design!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Bio-inspired design borrows its creative inspiration from models and systems in nature, that is, plant and animal parts that have been slowly tweaked for over 3.8 billion years. But that doesn't mean that nature's designs are perfect.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457808857,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":365},"headData":{"title":"Producer's Notes for Bio-inspiration: Nature as Muse | KQED","description":"Bio-inspired design borrows its creative inspiration from models and systems in nature, that is, plant and animal parts that have been slowly tweaked for over 3.8 billion years. But that doesn't mean that nature's designs are perfect.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"895 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=895","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/21/producers-notes-for-bio-inspiration-nature-as-muse/","disqusTitle":"Producer's Notes for Bio-inspiration: Nature as Muse","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnBkbaFsZOY","path":"/quest/895/producers-notes-for-bio-inspiration-nature-as-muse","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>I was a biologist once, before I got into television, so I find these times particularly trying when I see schoolteachers and otherwise intelligent people calling evolution into question. That's part of the reason that I jumped at the chance to co-produce a story about bio-inspiration (the other reason being that I LOVE geckos...which will make more sense if you watch our QUEST \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/bioinspiration-nature-as-muse\">Bio-inspiration segment\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/10/217a_bio300-21.jpg\" alt=\"217a_bio300-2\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-899\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bio-inspired design borrows its creative inspiration from models and systems in nature, that is, plant and animal parts that have been slowly tweaked for over 3.8 billion years. But that doesn't mean that nature's designs are perfect. In fact, that's what makes the process of engineering things based on natural models so difficult. You have to figure out how to pull the aces from the evolutionary discard pile. As professor Bob Full at U.C. Berkeley explained in our first phone conversation, that's also why scientists now use the term \"bio-inspiration\" rather than the more commonly known term \"biomimicry.\" Biologists and engineers are not looking to simply mimic nature, because there are all kinds of dead ends and redundancies in natural systems that would be pointless to recreate in an optimized, man-made piece of technology. One of the examples he gave me is a kind of grasshopper that if you were to copy it, you would copy neurons that go to nothing, they don't connect to any muscles, and that's because during evolution the adults lost their ability to fly. The neurons going to the muscles are still there, but the muscles aren't there anymore. No need to copy that, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what a biomimeticist does is look to nature to find plants & animals with remarkable performance abilities, and studies their adaptations for inspiration to design something new. For example, if you want to make a tiny robot that can fly, then look at the best fliers. If you want to design a blade that moves quickly through fluids, or an Olympic swimsuit that minimizes drag, then look to the most efficient swimmers. Now that's what I call \"intelligent design!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/895/producers-notes-for-bio-inspiration-nature-as-muse","authors":["10193"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_88","quest_220","quest_323","quest_13193","quest_332","quest_13197","quest_1479","quest_1895","quest_1978","quest_2441","quest_2443","quest_2771","quest_2893","quest_3021"],"featImg":"quest_899","label":"quest"},"quest_874":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_874","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"874","score":null,"sort":[1224013526000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"producers-notes-can-robots-learn","title":"Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big","publishDate":1224013526,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>The term \"artificial intelligence\", was coined in the summer of 1956, on the bucolic grounds of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. There, John McCarthy (who would later go on to teach at Stanford), Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon, Nathan Rochester and six other conference participants came together to lay out the framework for this exciting new field which would \"...find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.\" (McCarthy et al., 1955)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it was McCarthy who persuaded his nine other colleagues at the conference to adopt the term \"artificial intelligence\" to describe the nascent field, the seeds of artificial intelligence were planted earlier. Alan Turing, who was instrumental in breaking the German's Enigma code during WWII, published a paper in 1950 that laid out what came to be known as the \"Turing Test:\" if a machine could carry out a conversation with a human in such a sophisticated manner as to trick the human into thinking that he or she was conversing with another human, then the machine would have displayed true \"intelligence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nearly 60 years later, the world still awaits a machine capable of exhibiting \"general A.I.\", instead of the \"narrow A.I.\" demonstrated by IBM's chess-playing Deep Blue or Stanford University's Stanley, an autonomous robotic vehicle, or other impressive albeit limited applications of A.I. For example, Deep Blue may be able to beat Gary Kasparov at chess but can it beat a 10 year-old at a game of checkers? The lack of a general A.I. is made even more stark when juxtaposed with Moore's Law, a maxim that goes back to 1965 when Intel founder Gordon Moore postulated that the number of transistors on a computer chip would double roughly every 18 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's even a term - \"\u003ca href=\"http://singinst.org/\">Singularity\u003c/a>\" - that is being used to describe the moment when technological progress will leapfrog and herald the creation of computers that not only achieve human-like intelligence, but also give rise to a progeny of computers who will be smarter then their digital forbears. Though he didn't coin the term (sci-fi writer \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernor_Vinge\">Vernor Vinge\u003c/a> did), the most famous exponent of this belief is inventor Ray Kurzweil. He places the Singularity as occurring sometime before 2050 and believes that with the advent of this unheralded technological progress, mankind may solve some of our society's most pressing ills, such as global warming, and even conquer death, by uploading one's consciousness into a virtual medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this seems a far stretch from engineering a domestic robot like \u003ca href=\"http://stair.stanford.edu/\">Stanford's Artificial Intelligence Robot\u003c/a>, top A.I. researchers like Stanford's Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller do believe that computing systems will some day be as smart or smarter than humans. When I spoke with \u003ca href=\"http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/people/dmodha/\">Dharmendra Modha\u003c/a> about his work into cognitive computing at IBM, he talked effusively about creating an \"i-Brain,\" a digital accessory that people could carry around, making decisions and processing information like its human cousin. But if you're like me, and lament those moments when you've misplaced your keys or other instances of poor neural performance, you can't help but think that such a device can't arrive soon enough. On second thought, I'll wait until v2.0 hits the shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don't miss our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/web-extra-a-dose-of-a-i/\">Web Extra: A Dose of A.I.\u003c/a> In this QUEST web exclusive, Stanford University computer science professor and artificial intelligence (A.I.) researcher Daphne Koller provides an elegant explanation of how A.I. can be employed in the examining room to diagnose a patient's illness more accurately than a human clinician. Find out more and learn how medical diagnosis is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to tasks that rely on making sense of a sea of data to arrive at an informed conclusion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There's a term - Singularity\" - that is being used to describe the moment when technological progress will leapfrog and herald the creation of computers that not only achieve human-like intelligence, but also give rise to a progeny of computers who will be smarter then their digital forbears.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457829824,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":657},"headData":{"title":"Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big | KQED","description":"There's a term - Singularity" - that is being used to describe the moment when technological progress will leapfrog and herald the creation of computers that not only achieve human-like intelligence, but also give rise to a progeny of computers who will be smarter then their digital forbears.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"874 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=874","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/14/producers-notes-can-robots-learn/","disqusTitle":"Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eq-AHmD8xz0","path":"/quest/874/producers-notes-can-robots-learn","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The term \"artificial intelligence\", was coined in the summer of 1956, on the bucolic grounds of Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. There, John McCarthy (who would later go on to teach at Stanford), Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon, Nathan Rochester and six other conference participants came together to lay out the framework for this exciting new field which would \"...find how to make machines use language, form abstractions and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.\" (McCarthy et al., 1955)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it was McCarthy who persuaded his nine other colleagues at the conference to adopt the term \"artificial intelligence\" to describe the nascent field, the seeds of artificial intelligence were planted earlier. Alan Turing, who was instrumental in breaking the German's Enigma code during WWII, published a paper in 1950 that laid out what came to be known as the \"Turing Test:\" if a machine could carry out a conversation with a human in such a sophisticated manner as to trick the human into thinking that he or she was conversing with another human, then the machine would have displayed true \"intelligence.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nearly 60 years later, the world still awaits a machine capable of exhibiting \"general A.I.\", instead of the \"narrow A.I.\" demonstrated by IBM's chess-playing Deep Blue or Stanford University's Stanley, an autonomous robotic vehicle, or other impressive albeit limited applications of A.I. For example, Deep Blue may be able to beat Gary Kasparov at chess but can it beat a 10 year-old at a game of checkers? The lack of a general A.I. is made even more stark when juxtaposed with Moore's Law, a maxim that goes back to 1965 when Intel founder Gordon Moore postulated that the number of transistors on a computer chip would double roughly every 18 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's even a term - \"\u003ca href=\"http://singinst.org/\">Singularity\u003c/a>\" - that is being used to describe the moment when technological progress will leapfrog and herald the creation of computers that not only achieve human-like intelligence, but also give rise to a progeny of computers who will be smarter then their digital forbears. Though he didn't coin the term (sci-fi writer \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernor_Vinge\">Vernor Vinge\u003c/a> did), the most famous exponent of this belief is inventor Ray Kurzweil. He places the Singularity as occurring sometime before 2050 and believes that with the advent of this unheralded technological progress, mankind may solve some of our society's most pressing ills, such as global warming, and even conquer death, by uploading one's consciousness into a virtual medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this seems a far stretch from engineering a domestic robot like \u003ca href=\"http://stair.stanford.edu/\">Stanford's Artificial Intelligence Robot\u003c/a>, top A.I. researchers like Stanford's Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller do believe that computing systems will some day be as smart or smarter than humans. When I spoke with \u003ca href=\"http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/people/dmodha/\">Dharmendra Modha\u003c/a> about his work into cognitive computing at IBM, he talked effusively about creating an \"i-Brain,\" a digital accessory that people could carry around, making decisions and processing information like its human cousin. But if you're like me, and lament those moments when you've misplaced your keys or other instances of poor neural performance, you can't help but think that such a device can't arrive soon enough. On second thought, I'll wait until v2.0 hits the shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don't miss our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/web-extra-a-dose-of-a-i/\">Web Extra: A Dose of A.I.\u003c/a> In this QUEST web exclusive, Stanford University computer science professor and artificial intelligence (A.I.) researcher Daphne Koller provides an elegant explanation of how A.I. can be employed in the examining room to diagnose a patient's illness more accurately than a human clinician. Find out more and learn how medical diagnosis is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to tasks that rely on making sense of a sea of data to arrive at an informed conclusion. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/874/producers-notes-can-robots-learn","authors":["6176"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_88","quest_220","quest_377","quest_1190","quest_3351","quest_1917","quest_2141","quest_2418","quest_2441","quest_2443","quest_3066"],"featImg":"quest_883","label":"quest"},"quest_17444":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17444","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17444","score":null,"sort":[1224007440000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"artificial-intelligence-thinking-big","title":"Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big","publishDate":1224007440,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Though computers have gotten faster, smaller and more versatile, it's still a big challenge to get them to demonstrate intelligent behaviors. Will machines like robots ever match -- or perhaps even exceed -- the capabilities of the human brain? QUEST meets a robot that in ten years time could take care of tasks around the house that most of us would rather not do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cs.stanford.edu/info/\">Stanford Computer Science homepage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/14/producers-notes-can-robots-learn/\">Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Though computers have gotten faster, smaller and more versatile, it's still a big challenge to get them to demonstrate intelligent behaviors. Will machines like robots ever match -- or perhaps even exceed -- the capabilities of the human brain? ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457829720,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":79},"headData":{"title":"Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big | KQED","description":"Though computers have gotten faster, smaller and more versatile, it's still a big challenge to get them to demonstrate intelligent behaviors. Will machines like robots ever match -- or perhaps even exceed -- the capabilities of the human brain? ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"17444 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/artificial-intelligence-thinking-big/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/14/artificial-intelligence-thinking-big/","disqusTitle":"Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eq-AHmD8xz0","path":"/quest/17444/artificial-intelligence-thinking-big","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Though computers have gotten faster, smaller and more versatile, it's still a big challenge to get them to demonstrate intelligent behaviors. Will machines like robots ever match -- or perhaps even exceed -- the capabilities of the human brain? QUEST meets a robot that in ten years time could take care of tasks around the house that most of us would rather not do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://cs.stanford.edu/info/\">Stanford Computer Science homepage\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/10/14/producers-notes-can-robots-learn/\">Producer's Notes for Artificial Intelligence: Thinking Big\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17444/artificial-intelligence-thinking-big","authors":["6176","10190","2100"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_8","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_9938","quest_677","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_2441","quest_2771","quest_2893"],"featImg":"quest_21952","label":"quest"},"quest_806":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_806","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"806","score":null,"sort":[1220049391000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"opportunity-is-still-rockin","title":"Opportunity is Still Rockin'!","publishDate":1220049391,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/08/marsrover.jpg\">\u003cem>Forward camera view from Opportunity as the rover attempts to\u003cbr>climb up a slope toward the wall of Victoria Crater.\u003cbr>Photo by NASA/MER/Opportunity.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Is there life on Mars? Well, that investigation is still ongoing--but from a cybernetic perspective, the surface of Mars is literally crawling with it: in the form of robots!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years after their planned three-month tour of duty began, NASA’s \u003ca href=\"http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/spotlight/\">Mars Exploration Rovers\u003c/a> (MER) Spirit and Opportunity roll doggedly on like a pair of aged, dusty desert prospectors looking for gold. In this case the \"gold\" is evidence for past water on Mars, and signs of that seem to abound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sparked this blog for me was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/080826-mars-rover-climb.html\">announcement\u003c/a> of the plan to send Opportunity out of the depths of Victoria Crater, the half-mile impact crater that the rover has been exploring for almost a year now. Last September, when it was decided to send Opportunity into Victoria to get a close-up view of the sedimentary rock layers exposed in the crater walls, there was a lot of talk about this expedition possibly being the rover's last--it almost sounded like the robot was being sent into its own grave, its final resting place on Mars. After all, the rover had already operated ten times longer than what it was designed for!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What did Opportunity's year-long sojourn yield? By examining the multitude of exposed sedimentary layers, it is believed that those layers were probably originally laid down by wind (not a surprise on Mars, which even today is a world of wind-blown dust: dust devils, sand dunes, planet-wide dust storms). But there are also clues written in the rocks that the layers of sediment have been modified by the action of water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One particular thing Opportunity has discovered are rock features dubbed \"\u003ca href=\"http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/spotlight/20080416_Opportunity.html\">fins\u003c/a>.\" These fins are raised edges around rock boundaries that are rich in the mineral hematite--a mineral that often forms in the presence of water. Opportunity found hematite on Mars early in its exploration, which supports the speculation that at least that rover’s region on Mars (Meridiani Planum) may have harbored at least shallow and intermittent bodies of water in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"fins\" may have been formed when water dissolved away areas of sediment and then \"filled in the holes\" with deposited minerals--forming a kind of \"fossil\" of what was once an empty space. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I lived in Northern Arizona, I remember driving across the plains east of Flagstaff and finding long, wide ridges of what looked like sandstone, snaking across the dusty desert like enormous gopher trails. I learned that these were the fossil remnants of what were stream beds: the streams formed deposits of sand and mud in their bed, which over time hardened into sandstone and mudstone. Later, the softer surrounding soils and sands eroded away, leaving the hardened stream beds as raised ridges of rock--dry evidence in a dry desert of past liquid water action. Though this is not the same process that formed the fins on Mars, it is analogous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now Opportunity's mission in Victoria Crater is done, and NASA is making plans to have the robot crawl back up the slope and exit the crater at the same place it entered last September. It will continue its mission by examining \"cobbles\"--small, loose stones on the surrounding planes, some of which were probably ejected by meteorite impacts in Mars' distant past. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spirit, on the other side of the planet in Gusev Crater, is also still alive, and is making ready to do a bit more roving after a Martian winter of relative inactivity. With one of its six wheels no longer functioning, Spirit will limp along and continue prospecting--next stop: some white, silica-rich material that may have formed in hot water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Is there life on Mars? Well, that investigation is still ongoing--but from a cybernetic perspective, the surface of Mars is literally crawling with it: in the form of robots!","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1371079841,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":650},"headData":{"title":"Opportunity is Still Rockin'! | KQED","description":"Is there life on Mars? Well, that investigation is still ongoing--but from a cybernetic perspective, the surface of Mars is literally crawling with it: in the form of robots!","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"806 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=806","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/08/29/opportunity-is-still-rockin/","disqusTitle":"Opportunity is Still Rockin'!","path":"/quest/806/opportunity-is-still-rockin","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/08/marsrover.jpg\">\u003cem>Forward camera view from Opportunity as the rover attempts to\u003cbr>climb up a slope toward the wall of Victoria Crater.\u003cbr>Photo by NASA/MER/Opportunity.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Is there life on Mars? Well, that investigation is still ongoing--but from a cybernetic perspective, the surface of Mars is literally crawling with it: in the form of robots!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four years after their planned three-month tour of duty began, NASA’s \u003ca href=\"http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/spotlight/\">Mars Exploration Rovers\u003c/a> (MER) Spirit and Opportunity roll doggedly on like a pair of aged, dusty desert prospectors looking for gold. In this case the \"gold\" is evidence for past water on Mars, and signs of that seem to abound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What sparked this blog for me was the \u003ca href=\"http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/080826-mars-rover-climb.html\">announcement\u003c/a> of the plan to send Opportunity out of the depths of Victoria Crater, the half-mile impact crater that the rover has been exploring for almost a year now. Last September, when it was decided to send Opportunity into Victoria to get a close-up view of the sedimentary rock layers exposed in the crater walls, there was a lot of talk about this expedition possibly being the rover's last--it almost sounded like the robot was being sent into its own grave, its final resting place on Mars. After all, the rover had already operated ten times longer than what it was designed for!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What did Opportunity's year-long sojourn yield? By examining the multitude of exposed sedimentary layers, it is believed that those layers were probably originally laid down by wind (not a surprise on Mars, which even today is a world of wind-blown dust: dust devils, sand dunes, planet-wide dust storms). But there are also clues written in the rocks that the layers of sediment have been modified by the action of water. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One particular thing Opportunity has discovered are rock features dubbed \"\u003ca href=\"http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/spotlight/20080416_Opportunity.html\">fins\u003c/a>.\" These fins are raised edges around rock boundaries that are rich in the mineral hematite--a mineral that often forms in the presence of water. Opportunity found hematite on Mars early in its exploration, which supports the speculation that at least that rover’s region on Mars (Meridiani Planum) may have harbored at least shallow and intermittent bodies of water in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"fins\" may have been formed when water dissolved away areas of sediment and then \"filled in the holes\" with deposited minerals--forming a kind of \"fossil\" of what was once an empty space. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I lived in Northern Arizona, I remember driving across the plains east of Flagstaff and finding long, wide ridges of what looked like sandstone, snaking across the dusty desert like enormous gopher trails. I learned that these were the fossil remnants of what were stream beds: the streams formed deposits of sand and mud in their bed, which over time hardened into sandstone and mudstone. Later, the softer surrounding soils and sands eroded away, leaving the hardened stream beds as raised ridges of rock--dry evidence in a dry desert of past liquid water action. Though this is not the same process that formed the fins on Mars, it is analogous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now Opportunity's mission in Victoria Crater is done, and NASA is making plans to have the robot crawl back up the slope and exit the crater at the same place it entered last September. It will continue its mission by examining \"cobbles\"--small, loose stones on the surrounding planes, some of which were probably ejected by meteorite impacts in Mars' distant past. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spirit, on the other side of the planet in Gusev Crater, is also still alive, and is making ready to do a bit more roving after a Martian winter of relative inactivity. With one of its six wheels no longer functioning, Spirit will limp along and continue prospecting--next stop: some white, silica-rich material that may have formed in hot water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/806/opportunity-is-still-rockin","authors":["6180"],"categories":["quest_3","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_13192","quest_1287","quest_3351","quest_1751","quest_1757","quest_1918","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_2441","quest_3070"],"label":"quest"},"quest_678":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_678","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"678","score":null,"sort":[1215188428000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"planetary-robotic-roundup","title":"Planetary Robotic Roundup","publishDate":1215188428,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/space11.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft at Mercury-artist concept.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photo by: NASA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've been waiting for the \"whole story\" on Martian ice at the Phoenix lander site to unfold more completely, but the chemical analyses have not yet run their full courses-so I've decided to widen the focus on this blog to give a status report on current active robotic exploration of planets going on around the Solar System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting my scope to only planetary spacecraft, the list is still respectable. In no particular order, here's the round-up:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,324800,00.html\" target=\"_blank\">Spirit\u003c/a>: Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's activities on the Martian surface have been reduced to save on power, but the robot remains alive. With the arrival of Martian winter, Spirit spends more power running heaters to keep key electronic and power equipment healthy. Spirit remains in the giant Gusev Crater, where it will spend its entire life on Mars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.marstoday.com/news/viewsr.rss.html?pid=2831\" target=\"_blank\">Opportunity\u003c/a>: Exploring a much smaller crater of its own, Victoria Crater-Spirit's twin, Opportunity, continues its investigation of the rock layers of Mars' geological history. As of June 10, Opportunity has clocked in at 7.26 miles of total \"roving\" on Mars, since its landing back in 2004.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/080628-phoenix-update.html\" target=\"_blank\">Phoenix\u003c/a>: The brand-spankin'-new Mars Phoenix lander has been digging into one of Mars' greatest scientific mysteries: water. Detailed chemical analysis of samples taken at Phoenix's site near the northern polar ice cap is underway, but the big question-- is Phoenix standing on frozen Martian water-- has been answered: yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080526155742.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u003c/a>: The newest orbiter in the Martian fleet continues to send back its extreme-high-resolution imagery and its revealing chemical measurements, as well as to serve as a high-speed data and communication relay for other Mars-exploring robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://themis.asu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Mars 2001 Odyssey\u003c/a>: Credited with detecting the massive amounts of frozen water in Mars' northern hemisphere-the same ice that the Phoenix lander is now scraping at, Mars 2001 Odyssey continues its surveillance of Mars' chemistry and atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMAWQ1YUFF_0.html\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Express\u003c/a>: The European orbiter that launched the ill-fated Beagle II lander has continued on a respectable career of exploration in its own right. Mars Express also helped support the landing of the Phoenix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/main/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cassini\u003c/a>: Saturn's first robot-in-residence, Cassini, has concluded its initial 4-year mission and is now continuing on an extended mission. Cassini has given us unprecedented close-up images and measurements of many of Saturn's stunning moons, its complicated ring system, and the swirling, aurora-touched cloud formations of Saturn itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/science/space/multimedia/2008/01/gallery_messenger_photos\" target=\"_blank\">MESSENGER\u003c/a>: The first spacecraft to visit the little-understood Mercury since 1975 made its first flyby of that planet last January, and will settle into a permanent orbit in March 2011. Even the few pics it snapped as it hurled by gave us far more detailed images of Mercury than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/news_center/news/060808.htm\" target=\"_blank\">New Horizons\u003c/a>: Launched a couple years ago on its outward bound, meteoric flight to Pluto, New Horizons has already performed some exploration duty, capturing images and data of Jupiter, Jupiter's volcanic moon Io, and Jupiter's long magnetic \"tail.\" Now in \"cruise mode,\" this little robot will fly past Pluto (dwarf planet; king of the Plutoids) in July 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Voyagers 1 and 2\u003c/a>: Do you remember the remarkable voyages of discovery made by the Voyager spacecraft, both launched in 1977? Since completing their primary missions of flying by the Gas Giant planets (Voyager 1 at Jupiter and Saturn, Voyager 2 at all four), these two veterans have continued to operate and send information back to Earth, and are now about 3 times more distant from the Sun than Pluto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the wrap. If I missed anyone, my apologies!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7631 -122.409\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1371080189,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":619},"headData":{"title":"Planetary Robotic Roundup | KQED","description":"NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft at Mercury-artist concept. Photo by: NASA I've been waiting for the "whole story" on Martian ice at the Phoenix lander site to unfold more completely, but the chemical analyses have not yet run their full courses-so I've decided to widen the focus on this blog to give a status report on current","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"678 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=678","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/04/planetary-robotic-roundup/","disqusTitle":"Planetary Robotic Roundup","path":"/quest/678/planetary-robotic-roundup","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/07/space11.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft at Mercury-artist concept.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photo by: NASA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've been waiting for the \"whole story\" on Martian ice at the Phoenix lander site to unfold more completely, but the chemical analyses have not yet run their full courses-so I've decided to widen the focus on this blog to give a status report on current active robotic exploration of planets going on around the Solar System.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Limiting my scope to only planetary spacecraft, the list is still respectable. In no particular order, here's the round-up:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,324800,00.html\" target=\"_blank\">Spirit\u003c/a>: Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's activities on the Martian surface have been reduced to save on power, but the robot remains alive. With the arrival of Martian winter, Spirit spends more power running heaters to keep key electronic and power equipment healthy. Spirit remains in the giant Gusev Crater, where it will spend its entire life on Mars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.marstoday.com/news/viewsr.rss.html?pid=2831\" target=\"_blank\">Opportunity\u003c/a>: Exploring a much smaller crater of its own, Victoria Crater-Spirit's twin, Opportunity, continues its investigation of the rock layers of Mars' geological history. As of June 10, Opportunity has clocked in at 7.26 miles of total \"roving\" on Mars, since its landing back in 2004.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/080628-phoenix-update.html\" target=\"_blank\">Phoenix\u003c/a>: The brand-spankin'-new Mars Phoenix lander has been digging into one of Mars' greatest scientific mysteries: water. Detailed chemical analysis of samples taken at Phoenix's site near the northern polar ice cap is underway, but the big question-- is Phoenix standing on frozen Martian water-- has been answered: yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080526155742.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter\u003c/a>: The newest orbiter in the Martian fleet continues to send back its extreme-high-resolution imagery and its revealing chemical measurements, as well as to serve as a high-speed data and communication relay for other Mars-exploring robots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://themis.asu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Mars 2001 Odyssey\u003c/a>: Credited with detecting the massive amounts of frozen water in Mars' northern hemisphere-the same ice that the Phoenix lander is now scraping at, Mars 2001 Odyssey continues its surveillance of Mars' chemistry and atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMAWQ1YUFF_0.html\" target=\"_blank\">Mars Express\u003c/a>: The European orbiter that launched the ill-fated Beagle II lander has continued on a respectable career of exploration in its own right. Mars Express also helped support the landing of the Phoenix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/main/index.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cassini\u003c/a>: Saturn's first robot-in-residence, Cassini, has concluded its initial 4-year mission and is now continuing on an extended mission. Cassini has given us unprecedented close-up images and measurements of many of Saturn's stunning moons, its complicated ring system, and the swirling, aurora-touched cloud formations of Saturn itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/science/space/multimedia/2008/01/gallery_messenger_photos\" target=\"_blank\">MESSENGER\u003c/a>: The first spacecraft to visit the little-understood Mercury since 1975 made its first flyby of that planet last January, and will settle into a permanent orbit in March 2011. Even the few pics it snapped as it hurled by gave us far more detailed images of Mercury than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/news_center/news/060808.htm\" target=\"_blank\">New Horizons\u003c/a>: Launched a couple years ago on its outward bound, meteoric flight to Pluto, New Horizons has already performed some exploration duty, capturing images and data of Jupiter, Jupiter's volcanic moon Io, and Jupiter's long magnetic \"tail.\" Now in \"cruise mode,\" this little robot will fly past Pluto (dwarf planet; king of the Plutoids) in July 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Voyagers 1 and 2\u003c/a>: Do you remember the remarkable voyages of discovery made by the Voyager spacecraft, both launched in 1977? Since completing their primary missions of flying by the Gas Giant planets (Voyager 1 at Jupiter and Saturn, Voyager 2 at all four), these two veterans have continued to operate and send information back to Earth, and are now about 3 times more distant from the Sun than Pluto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the wrap. If I missed anyone, my apologies!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7631 -122.409\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/678/planetary-robotic-roundup","authors":["6180"],"categories":["quest_3"],"tags":["quest_254","quest_505","quest_897","quest_1287","quest_3351","quest_1751","quest_1752","quest_1754","quest_1756","quest_1760","quest_1791","quest_1918","quest_2141","quest_2182","quest_2216","quest_2237","quest_2349","quest_2441","quest_2461","quest_2513","quest_2712","quest_2742"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/possible-5gxfizEbKOJ-pbF5ASgxrs_.1400x1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ATC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0018_AmericanSuburb_iTunesTile_01.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0017_BayCurious_iTunesTile_01.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/BBC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CodeSwitchLifeKit_StationGraphics_300x300EmailGraphic.png","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. 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The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. 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