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McClure","firstName":"Robert","lastName":"McClure","slug":"rmcclure","email":"rmcclure@invw.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Robert McClure is executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.invw.org\">InvestigateWest\u003c/a>, a nonprofit newsroom in Seattle specializing in the environment, public health and government accountability for the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia. A veteran newspaper reporter with a quarter of a century on the environment beat, he is a winner of the John B. Oakes Award for Distinguished Environmental Journalism and serves on the board of the Society of Environmental Journalists. Robert was named in 2013 as one of Seattle Magazine’s “most influential” people in Seattle.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d854ab5ac9cf1e8e2da364a59642dd31?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Robert McClure | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d854ab5ac9cf1e8e2da364a59642dd31?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d854ab5ac9cf1e8e2da364a59642dd31?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rmcclure"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_63103":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_63103","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"63103","score":null,"sort":[1390489217000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids","title":"Could your driveway be poisoning your kids?","publishDate":1390489217,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Every year about 85 million gallons of a toxic waste that is known to promote cancer is carefully painted across about 170 square miles of American cities and suburbs, a swath as big as the city of New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As incredible as that may sound, that’s the conclusion squarely presented by a growing body of research that looks at a gooey black \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)\">pitch\u003c/a> made from a substance known as coal tar. It’s a kind of creosote, the stuff used to weatherproof telephone poles and railroad ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also one of the two main ways Americans use to “seal” asphalt parking lots and driveways. It makes the asphalt look blacker and is intended to keep the pavement from wearing away so fast. Researchers are most interested in a class of chemicals contained in asphalt sealers known as “\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastemin/minimize/factshts/pahs.pdf\">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons\u003c/a>,” or PAHs. And coal tar-based sealers are dangerous enough in the opinion of some local and state governments that they have been banned. In 2011 Washington \u003ca href=\"http://www.invw.org/content/washington-is-first-state-in-nation-to-ban-toxic-pavement-sealants\">became the first state to forbid\u003c/a> the use of this kind of sealant, followed by Minnesota \u003ca href=\"https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=116.202\"> last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65749\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 393px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65749 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776.jpg\" alt=\"Man spraying\" width=\"393\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776.jpg 1135w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-400x389.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-800x779.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-960x935.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man 'seals' pavement with spray. Photo courtesy of USGS.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you’ve ever walked by a parking lot or driveway that’s recently been sealed with coal tar, your nose most likely told you so. The “aromatic” part of PAHs means that you can smell the chemicals emanating from the recently sealed pavement , especially when it bakes in the sun. \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135223101200057X\">Recent research\u003c/a> shows that large and potentially dangerous amounts of these harmful chemicals are released into the air in the days, weeks, and even months after the pavement is sealed – more, in fact, than what is put out by all the cars in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also looked at what happens to the toxic coal tar sealants after they have sat on the asphalt for a few months or years and start to peel off in tiny bits. Car tires, rain, foot traffic, snowplows, and the freeze/thaw cycle all cause tiny bits of the sealant to “abrade,” as scientists say. Little bits of the black stuff flake off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es902533r\">Research shows\u003c/a> some of it gets tracked off the parking lots and driveways and into people’s homes. Scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) found that the most dangerous coal tar component , a PAH chemical called benzo[\u003cem>a\u003c/em>]pyrene, was in driveway dust at two suburban single-family homes at thousands of times the level that would trigger a cleanup at a toxic-waste site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States has no standard for benzo[\u003cem>a\u003c/em>]pyrene in house dust, but Germany does: an official guideline of 10 parts of the chemical for every 1 million parts of dust. In the USGS’s tests of apartments near parking lots sealed with coal tar, more than one-third of the apartments showed levels of the toxic chemical exceeding that standard. House dust levels were much lower in apartments located next to parking lots coated with other kinds of sealants, which are based on asphalt and contain thousands of times less PAHs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66042\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-66042 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe.jpg\" alt=\"Converse shoe\" width=\"398\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/werewolvesbaby/2863909864/\">brittany fucci\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es303371t\">Further research\u003c/a> revealed that growing up with toxic dust from a coal tar-sealed parking lot next door could cause a child to face a 38-fold increase in lifetime cancer risk. It’s especially toxic to kids under age 6. The levels measured exceed those the EPA considers worthy of cleanup at toxic waste sites, because they are likely to cause cancer in more than 1 person out of every 1,000 people exposed, researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies have shown that the runoff from the coal tar-sealed lots harms critters in freshwater streams where it ends up, affecting their development and reproduction and reducing the populations and the number of species able to live in affected streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing body of research around asphalt sealants was \u003ca href=\"http://tx.usgs.gov/coring/pubs/parking%20lot%20sealants.pdf\">pioneered by\u003c/a> Barbara Mahler and Peter van Metre, a husband-and-wife team of researchers for the USGS in Austin, Texas. Many other researchers from more than a dozen other governments and universities also investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sealant industry questioned their findings. In reaction to the work by these government and university researchers, the trade group of asphalt sealers, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/\">Pavement Coatings Technology Council\u003c/a>, has sponsored \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/scientific-journals\">its own body of research\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/pavementcouncil/PAH%20volatilization%20critique.pdf\">One industry-sponsored critique\u003c/a> went after the USGS researchers, saying,in general, that in their work, “effects have been exaggerated and uncertainties have been minimized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66066\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 419px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/01/23/could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids/walking-the-line/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-66066\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-66066 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line.jpg\" alt=\"Walking the line\" width=\"419\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line.jpg 1539w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-1440x957.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-960x638.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/angelinawb/1085267480/\">Angelina 🙂\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>PAHs are produced by many sources, the industry pointed out. Any \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_matter\">organic matter\u003c/a> that is burned – gasoline, for example – puts out PAHs. But the USGS team and its collaborators said the chemical “fingerprint” they are finding in, for example, sediments at the bottom of lakes near coal tar-sealed pavement, looks very similar to the PAH “fingerprint” in sealants made with coal tar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although only two states have banned coal tar sealants, \u003ca href=\"http://coaltarfreeamerica.blogspot.com/p/bans.html\">more than 40 local and state governments\u003c/a> forbid application of the coal tar-based sealants, according to the blog \u003ca href=\"http://coaltarfreeamerica.blogspot.com/\">coaltarfreeamerica.com\u003c/a>, which tracks the bans and is crusading to have the sealants outlawed nationwide. Some of the first local governments to ban the coal tar sealants were Austin, TX, Washington, DC, and Madison, WI, and surrounding Dane County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent webinar for researchers and others interested the topic, Mahler, the USGS researcher, reviewed the findings to date. Other scientists on the call suggested further work, such as looking into how the sealants are affecting creatures in salt water, and analysis of \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope\">isotopes\u003c/a> of the chemicals involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahler agreed, telling the other researchers, “There’s a lot of really fruitful areas for research that have to do with this subject.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Parking lots coated with coal tar, a gooey black waste product of steel manufacturing, shed the coatings at a high rate. This toxic residue is showing up in dust on nearby apartment surfaces.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443823502,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":983},"headData":{"title":"Could your driveway be poisoning your kids? | KQED","description":"Parking lots coated with coal tar, a gooey black waste product of steel manufacturing, shed the coatings at a high rate. This toxic residue is showing up in dust on nearby apartment surfaces.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"63103 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=63103","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/01/23/could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids/","disqusTitle":"Could your driveway be poisoning your kids?","path":"/quest/63103/could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every year about 85 million gallons of a toxic waste that is known to promote cancer is carefully painted across about 170 square miles of American cities and suburbs, a swath as big as the city of New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As incredible as that may sound, that’s the conclusion squarely presented by a growing body of research that looks at a gooey black \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(resin)\">pitch\u003c/a> made from a substance known as coal tar. It’s a kind of creosote, the stuff used to weatherproof telephone poles and railroad ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also one of the two main ways Americans use to “seal” asphalt parking lots and driveways. It makes the asphalt look blacker and is intended to keep the pavement from wearing away so fast. Researchers are most interested in a class of chemicals contained in asphalt sealers known as “\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/wastemin/minimize/factshts/pahs.pdf\">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons\u003c/a>,” or PAHs. And coal tar-based sealers are dangerous enough in the opinion of some local and state governments that they have been banned. In 2011 Washington \u003ca href=\"http://www.invw.org/content/washington-is-first-state-in-nation-to-ban-toxic-pavement-sealants\">became the first state to forbid\u003c/a> the use of this kind of sealant, followed by Minnesota \u003ca href=\"https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=116.202\"> last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65749\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 393px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65749 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776.jpg\" alt=\"Man spraying\" width=\"393\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776.jpg 1135w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-400x389.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-800x779.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-960x935.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/Man-spraying-e1389131931776-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man 'seals' pavement with spray. Photo courtesy of USGS.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If you’ve ever walked by a parking lot or driveway that’s recently been sealed with coal tar, your nose most likely told you so. The “aromatic” part of PAHs means that you can smell the chemicals emanating from the recently sealed pavement , especially when it bakes in the sun. \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135223101200057X\">Recent research\u003c/a> shows that large and potentially dangerous amounts of these harmful chemicals are released into the air in the days, weeks, and even months after the pavement is sealed – more, in fact, than what is put out by all the cars in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists also looked at what happens to the toxic coal tar sealants after they have sat on the asphalt for a few months or years and start to peel off in tiny bits. Car tires, rain, foot traffic, snowplows, and the freeze/thaw cycle all cause tiny bits of the sealant to “abrade,” as scientists say. Little bits of the black stuff flake off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es902533r\">Research shows\u003c/a> some of it gets tracked off the parking lots and driveways and into people’s homes. Scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) found that the most dangerous coal tar component , a PAH chemical called benzo[\u003cem>a\u003c/em>]pyrene, was in driveway dust at two suburban single-family homes at thousands of times the level that would trigger a cleanup at a toxic-waste site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States has no standard for benzo[\u003cem>a\u003c/em>]pyrene in house dust, but Germany does: an official guideline of 10 parts of the chemical for every 1 million parts of dust. In the USGS’s tests of apartments near parking lots sealed with coal tar, more than one-third of the apartments showed levels of the toxic chemical exceeding that standard. House dust levels were much lower in apartments located next to parking lots coated with other kinds of sealants, which are based on asphalt and contain thousands of times less PAHs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66042\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-66042 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe.jpg\" alt=\"Converse shoe\" width=\"398\" height=\"265\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Converse-shoe-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/werewolvesbaby/2863909864/\">brittany fucci\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es303371t\">Further research\u003c/a> revealed that growing up with toxic dust from a coal tar-sealed parking lot next door could cause a child to face a 38-fold increase in lifetime cancer risk. It’s especially toxic to kids under age 6. The levels measured exceed those the EPA considers worthy of cleanup at toxic waste sites, because they are likely to cause cancer in more than 1 person out of every 1,000 people exposed, researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies have shown that the runoff from the coal tar-sealed lots harms critters in freshwater streams where it ends up, affecting their development and reproduction and reducing the populations and the number of species able to live in affected streams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The growing body of research around asphalt sealants was \u003ca href=\"http://tx.usgs.gov/coring/pubs/parking%20lot%20sealants.pdf\">pioneered by\u003c/a> Barbara Mahler and Peter van Metre, a husband-and-wife team of researchers for the USGS in Austin, Texas. Many other researchers from more than a dozen other governments and universities also investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sealant industry questioned their findings. In reaction to the work by these government and university researchers, the trade group of asphalt sealers, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/\">Pavement Coatings Technology Council\u003c/a>, has sponsored \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/scientific-journals\">its own body of research\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"http://www.pavementcouncil.org/pavementcouncil/PAH%20volatilization%20critique.pdf\">One industry-sponsored critique\u003c/a> went after the USGS researchers, saying,in general, that in their work, “effects have been exaggerated and uncertainties have been minimized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66066\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 419px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/01/23/could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids/walking-the-line/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-66066\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-66066 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line.jpg\" alt=\"Walking the line\" width=\"419\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line.jpg 1539w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-1440x957.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-1180x784.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2014/01/Walking-the-line-960x638.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/angelinawb/1085267480/\">Angelina 🙂\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>PAHs are produced by many sources, the industry pointed out. Any \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_matter\">organic matter\u003c/a> that is burned – gasoline, for example – puts out PAHs. But the USGS team and its collaborators said the chemical “fingerprint” they are finding in, for example, sediments at the bottom of lakes near coal tar-sealed pavement, looks very similar to the PAH “fingerprint” in sealants made with coal tar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although only two states have banned coal tar sealants, \u003ca href=\"http://coaltarfreeamerica.blogspot.com/p/bans.html\">more than 40 local and state governments\u003c/a> forbid application of the coal tar-based sealants, according to the blog \u003ca href=\"http://coaltarfreeamerica.blogspot.com/\">coaltarfreeamerica.com\u003c/a>, which tracks the bans and is crusading to have the sealants outlawed nationwide. Some of the first local governments to ban the coal tar sealants were Austin, TX, Washington, DC, and Madison, WI, and surrounding Dane County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent webinar for researchers and others interested the topic, Mahler, the USGS researcher, reviewed the findings to date. Other scientists on the call suggested further work, such as looking into how the sealants are affecting creatures in salt water, and analysis of \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotope\">isotopes\u003c/a> of the chemicals involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahler agreed, telling the other researchers, “There’s a lot of really fruitful areas for research that have to do with this subject.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/63103/could-your-driveway-be-poisoning-your-kids","authors":["10505"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_8","quest_9","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_12556","quest_475","quest_530","quest_12555","quest_12558","quest_12557","quest_12269","quest_12386","quest_12684","quest_12683","quest_12146","quest_12682","quest_13365"],"featImg":"quest_65744","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/possible-5gxfizEbKOJ-pbF5ASgxrs_.1400x1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ATC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0018_AmericanSuburb_iTunesTile_01.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/powerpress/1440_0017_BayCurious_iTunesTile_01.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/BBC_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CodeSwitchLifeKit_StationGraphics_300x300EmailGraphic.png","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2019/07/commonwealthclub.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Consider-This_3000_V3-copy-scaled-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-1.gif","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/10/FreshAir_1400.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. 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