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He now specializes in residential water treatment, working with companies such as PUR, Brita, and Camelbak.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4f014dc9fe7e62c28e3b23bc4158f6c4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Kishore Hari | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4f014dc9fe7e62c28e3b23bc4158f6c4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4f014dc9fe7e62c28e3b23bc4158f6c4?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kishore-hari"},"abrocious":{"type":"authors","id":"10465","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10465","found":true},"name":"Ariana Brocious","firstName":"Ariana","lastName":"Brocious","slug":"abrocious","email":"abrocious@netnebraska.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Ariana Brocious is the Reporter/Morning Host at NET Radio in Nebraska, where she covers energy, water, culture and Latino issues. A native of the Southwest and graduate of the University of Arizona, she traces her interest in the environment—and how humans interact with it—to her time living in Western Colorado, where she worked as News Director for KVNF Radio, and at High Country News magazine. In her non-working hours she enjoys getting outside, coaxing her vegetable garden along, and experimenting in the kitchen.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["coordinator","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ariana Brocious | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/abrocious"},"williamfunk":{"type":"authors","id":"10531","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10531","found":true},"name":"William H. Funk","firstName":"William H.","lastName":"Funk","slug":"williamfunk","email":"williamfunk3@icloud.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"William H. “Bill” Funk.\r\nA native of Kentucky, Bill writes primarily long-form and narrative creative nonfiction stories about our evolving relationship with the natural world. As a freelance writer and documentary filmmaker, his work has appeared in Birdwatcher's Digest, The Southern Quarterly and The Utne Reader. Bill enjoys hiking, literature, canoeing, birding, cinema, and arguing about politics and religion. He fosters pit bulls for a local dog rescue group and recently wrapped production of a documentary that he wrote and directed about efforts to save abandoned and abused dogs in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. Follow him @williamfunk3","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/02c77df41f73577c98c937d3db8acb36?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"William H. Funk | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/02c77df41f73577c98c937d3db8acb36?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/02c77df41f73577c98c937d3db8acb36?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/williamfunk"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_68169":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_68169","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"68169","score":null,"sort":[1397138445000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"getting-up-close-with-cranes","title":"Getting Up Close with Cranes","publishDate":1397138445,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/gettingupclosewithcranes3_20_14web01.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central Nebraska may look like nothing but flat cornfields from a car speeding down Interstate 80, but it’s an incredibly important stopover point for millions of migrating birds, whose wings and cries fill the skies each spring. One of the most studied and iconic of these species is the sandhill crane, which has been making this annual migration for centuries. Roughly 500,000 cranes travel through Nebraska in the spring, where they descend upon the shallow Platte River, its sandbars, and nearby wetlands to rest and feed before continuing north to breed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68966\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-68966 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0226-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Cranes use these wet meadows to feed, bathe and rest during their spring migration. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News.\" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cranes use these wet meadows to feed, bathe, and rest during their spring migration. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Much of the ground was still frozen on a March afternoon on Mormon Island in central Nebraska. This “island” runs for several miles between two channels of the Platte River. Mary Harner, director of science at the \u003ca href=\"http://cranetrust.org/\">Crane Trust\u003c/a>, led the way to a wet meadow: low-lying, undulating grasslands near the Platte, carved by older flows of the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing on an ice-covered portion of the slough roughly 20 feet across, Harner explained that once the ice melts, this area will have flowing water. These aptly named wet meadows are closely connected to the groundwater just below the surface, and they're usually marsh-like in spring and summer. Their moist soil makes it easier for birds to find bugs and plants to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have studied crane migration for decades, but they're now using cameras to get an up-close view of how the birds use this critical habitat. Last spring, Harner and other researchers set up 10 game cameras over multiple sites in the meadow. The small, camouflaged cameras were programmed to take pictures every half hour or when they detected motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68967\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 304px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-68967 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0221-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"These small, remote, camouflaged cameras are placed two to three feet off the ground to capture crane behavior. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"304\" height=\"202\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These small, remote, camouflaged cameras are placed two to three feet off the ground to capture crane behavior. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We had cameras paired between the low wet areas and the nearby drier areas going from south to north across this island,” Harner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this habitat is critical for cranes and other migratory birds, during the last century much of it disappeared as the land was developed for agriculture or towns and cities. The Crane Trust is one of several organizations working on conserving what remains along the central Platte, using methods that mimic historic forces on this river habitat, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/02/25/bison-and-cranes-reunited-to-support-habitat-restoration/\">like prescribed fire and grazing with cattle and bison\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These wet meadow habitats are very rare. They’re one of the first habitats to be lost when river flows are diminished and floodplains are converted from their natural state. So we’re here to first and foremost protect the remaining grasslands and meadows like this,” Harner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 228px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-68970 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0239-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Mary Harner is director of science at the Crane Trust. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"228\" height=\"152\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Harner is director of science at the Crane Trust. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harner and her colleagues think these cameras might help them learn more about how and why the birds use these areas, which will help their conservation work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Johnsgard, a renowned ornithologist and retired biology professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, has spent his career studying cranes and other birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Spring biology of cranes is really important because these six weeks or so that the birds spend in the Platte Valley are critically important for them to acquire the amount of fat -- energy -- that they need for the rest of their spring and summer activities. So it really is important to get this kind of data,” Johnsgard said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crane video cameras have been around for a while, but most of the data on cranes has come from aerial surveys, thermal imaging, and people watching from wildlife blinds. Using the cameras to get thousands of up-close images offers a different way to study sandhill crane biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69099\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 331px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69099 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/CraneTrust2-331x253.jpg\" alt=\"Wet meadow habitat is critical for cranes during their annual spring migration. Photo courtesy of the Crane Trust.\" width=\"331\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wet meadow habitat is critical for cranes during their annual spring migration. Photo courtesy of the Crane Trust\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You get an enormous sample of thousands of data points and from that you can look at them statistically and figure out exactly what percentage of time birds are doing different things. It gives a set of real data instead of general perceptions,” Johnsgard said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That data would be almost impossible to get without human presence affecting crane behavior, according to Greg Wright, wildlife biologist at the Crane Trust. He noted that part of the initial study involved figuring out where to put the cameras. “We didn’t know exactly how they would respond to these cameras being out there. The camera is small and fairly discreet, and it’s camouflaged, but still, in a grassland anything sticks out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright said their time-lapse photography approach builds on previous wildlife studies, and cranes make ideal subjects for this kind of technology because of their “fidelity” to the Platte River, where they’ve returned year after year for centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nature of cameras, when you can’t move them, you need a bird that has some sort of fidelity to a site. Other than nests, there’s not too many places that birds return to again and again in a way that you’d have enough images to be able to discover a pattern. Cranes fit that bill,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for the study came from existing collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://p-b-t.net/\">Platte Basin Timelapse\u003c/a> project, a public/private partnership of the University of Nebraska, NET Television, and Michael Forsberg Photography, which has been collecting time-lapse images across the river system for the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69021\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69021 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0219-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Crane Trust Wildlife Biologist Greg Wright checks a camera that was left in place year-round, eleveated and fenced to protect it from cattle. Now that it's spring, he'll remove the fence and drop the camera height so that it can once again capture images of cranes. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crane Trust Wildlife Biologist Greg Wright checks a camera that was left in place year-round, eleveated and fenced to protect it from cattle. Now that it's spring, he'll remove the fence and drop the camera height so that it can once again capture images of cranes. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harner said changing technology has recently made these kinds of studies much cheaper and easier for researchers. Photos and videos are also more accessible for the general public than papers or graphs, Harner said, “being able show how the groundwater is pulsing and how these grasslands are essentially breathing … it just brings it to life in ways that are nearly impossible to visualize otherwise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student interns helped classify more than 67,000 unique behaviors from tens of thousands of images collected last March and April. Wright said their initial findings show cranes tend to congregate in the wetter parts of the meadows, where they did more bathing and resting, compared to drier upland areas, where they mostly ate and moved around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69022\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69022 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0284-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"After spending the day eating and socializing in nearby fields and wetlands, cranes typically return to the Platte River at night to protect themselves from predators. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After spending the day eating and socializing in nearby fields and wetlands, cranes typically return to the Platte River at night to protect themselves from predators. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think we were surprised that there were these strong differences between the uplands and the sloughs -- the water areas,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camera data also offered rare glimpses of birds spending the night in the meadows rather than returning to the river as they normally do. Wright said that this spring the Crane Trust will use the cameras to study nighttime behavior of cranes on the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what the birds are necessarily doing. We know they stay on the river. But to be able to have a camera right there on the roost and see those birds throughout the night… We’ll be able to see their activity pattern through the night,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project should help researchers and the public alike learn more about Nebraska’s annual winged travelers and their spring visits along the central Platte.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"For decades, scientists have studied the annual migration of sandhill cranes through central Nebraska. A new project is using time-lapse cameras to capture and study crane behavior.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442694770,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1325},"headData":{"title":"Getting Up Close with Cranes | KQED","description":"For decades, scientists have studied the annual migration of sandhill cranes through central Nebraska. A new project is using time-lapse cameras to capture and study crane behavior.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"68169 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=68169","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/04/10/getting-up-close-with-cranes/","disqusTitle":"Getting Up Close with Cranes","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/68169/getting-up-close-with-cranes","audioUrl":"https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/gettingupclosewithcranes3_20_14web01.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/gettingupclosewithcranes3_20_14web01.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Central Nebraska may look like nothing but flat cornfields from a car speeding down Interstate 80, but it’s an incredibly important stopover point for millions of migrating birds, whose wings and cries fill the skies each spring. One of the most studied and iconic of these species is the sandhill crane, which has been making this annual migration for centuries. Roughly 500,000 cranes travel through Nebraska in the spring, where they descend upon the shallow Platte River, its sandbars, and nearby wetlands to rest and feed before continuing north to breed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68966\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-68966 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0226-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Cranes use these wet meadows to feed, bathe and rest during their spring migration. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News.\" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cranes use these wet meadows to feed, bathe, and rest during their spring migration. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Much of the ground was still frozen on a March afternoon on Mormon Island in central Nebraska. This “island” runs for several miles between two channels of the Platte River. Mary Harner, director of science at the \u003ca href=\"http://cranetrust.org/\">Crane Trust\u003c/a>, led the way to a wet meadow: low-lying, undulating grasslands near the Platte, carved by older flows of the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing on an ice-covered portion of the slough roughly 20 feet across, Harner explained that once the ice melts, this area will have flowing water. These aptly named wet meadows are closely connected to the groundwater just below the surface, and they're usually marsh-like in spring and summer. Their moist soil makes it easier for birds to find bugs and plants to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists have studied crane migration for decades, but they're now using cameras to get an up-close view of how the birds use this critical habitat. Last spring, Harner and other researchers set up 10 game cameras over multiple sites in the meadow. The small, camouflaged cameras were programmed to take pictures every half hour or when they detected motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68967\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 304px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-68967 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0221-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"These small, remote, camouflaged cameras are placed two to three feet off the ground to capture crane behavior. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"304\" height=\"202\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These small, remote, camouflaged cameras are placed two to three feet off the ground to capture crane behavior. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We had cameras paired between the low wet areas and the nearby drier areas going from south to north across this island,” Harner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this habitat is critical for cranes and other migratory birds, during the last century much of it disappeared as the land was developed for agriculture or towns and cities. The Crane Trust is one of several organizations working on conserving what remains along the central Platte, using methods that mimic historic forces on this river habitat, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/02/25/bison-and-cranes-reunited-to-support-habitat-restoration/\">like prescribed fire and grazing with cattle and bison\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These wet meadow habitats are very rare. They’re one of the first habitats to be lost when river flows are diminished and floodplains are converted from their natural state. So we’re here to first and foremost protect the remaining grasslands and meadows like this,” Harner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_68970\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 228px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-68970 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0239-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Mary Harner is director of science at the Crane Trust. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"228\" height=\"152\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Harner is director of science at the Crane Trust. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harner and her colleagues think these cameras might help them learn more about how and why the birds use these areas, which will help their conservation work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Johnsgard, a renowned ornithologist and retired biology professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, has spent his career studying cranes and other birds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Spring biology of cranes is really important because these six weeks or so that the birds spend in the Platte Valley are critically important for them to acquire the amount of fat -- energy -- that they need for the rest of their spring and summer activities. So it really is important to get this kind of data,” Johnsgard said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crane video cameras have been around for a while, but most of the data on cranes has come from aerial surveys, thermal imaging, and people watching from wildlife blinds. Using the cameras to get thousands of up-close images offers a different way to study sandhill crane biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69099\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 331px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69099 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/CraneTrust2-331x253.jpg\" alt=\"Wet meadow habitat is critical for cranes during their annual spring migration. Photo courtesy of the Crane Trust.\" width=\"331\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wet meadow habitat is critical for cranes during their annual spring migration. Photo courtesy of the Crane Trust\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You get an enormous sample of thousands of data points and from that you can look at them statistically and figure out exactly what percentage of time birds are doing different things. It gives a set of real data instead of general perceptions,” Johnsgard said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That data would be almost impossible to get without human presence affecting crane behavior, according to Greg Wright, wildlife biologist at the Crane Trust. He noted that part of the initial study involved figuring out where to put the cameras. “We didn’t know exactly how they would respond to these cameras being out there. The camera is small and fairly discreet, and it’s camouflaged, but still, in a grassland anything sticks out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright said their time-lapse photography approach builds on previous wildlife studies, and cranes make ideal subjects for this kind of technology because of their “fidelity” to the Platte River, where they’ve returned year after year for centuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nature of cameras, when you can’t move them, you need a bird that has some sort of fidelity to a site. Other than nests, there’s not too many places that birds return to again and again in a way that you’d have enough images to be able to discover a pattern. Cranes fit that bill,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for the study came from existing collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"http://p-b-t.net/\">Platte Basin Timelapse\u003c/a> project, a public/private partnership of the University of Nebraska, NET Television, and Michael Forsberg Photography, which has been collecting time-lapse images across the river system for the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69021\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69021 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0219-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"Crane Trust Wildlife Biologist Greg Wright checks a camera that was left in place year-round, eleveated and fenced to protect it from cattle. Now that it's spring, he'll remove the fence and drop the camera height so that it can once again capture images of cranes. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crane Trust Wildlife Biologist Greg Wright checks a camera that was left in place year-round, eleveated and fenced to protect it from cattle. Now that it's spring, he'll remove the fence and drop the camera height so that it can once again capture images of cranes. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Harner said changing technology has recently made these kinds of studies much cheaper and easier for researchers. Photos and videos are also more accessible for the general public than papers or graphs, Harner said, “being able show how the groundwater is pulsing and how these grasslands are essentially breathing … it just brings it to life in ways that are nearly impossible to visualize otherwise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Student interns helped classify more than 67,000 unique behaviors from tens of thousands of images collected last March and April. Wright said their initial findings show cranes tend to congregate in the wetter parts of the meadows, where they did more bathing and resting, compared to drier upland areas, where they mostly ate and moved around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_69022\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-69022 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/03/DSC_0284-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"After spending the day eating and socializing in nearby fields and wetlands, cranes typically return to the Platte River at night to protect themselves from predators. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News. \" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After spending the day eating and socializing in nearby fields and wetlands, cranes typically return to the Platte River at night to protect themselves from predators. Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I think we were surprised that there were these strong differences between the uplands and the sloughs -- the water areas,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camera data also offered rare glimpses of birds spending the night in the meadows rather than returning to the river as they normally do. Wright said that this spring the Crane Trust will use the cameras to study nighttime behavior of cranes on the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know what the birds are necessarily doing. We know they stay on the river. But to be able to have a camera right there on the roost and see those birds throughout the night… We’ll be able to see their activity pattern through the night,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project should help researchers and the public alike learn more about Nebraska’s annual winged travelers and their spring visits along the central Platte.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/68169/getting-up-close-with-cranes","authors":["10465"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_304","quest_326","quest_13193","quest_340","quest_12775","quest_12646","quest_12269","quest_12774","quest_12773","quest_1819","quest_12520","quest_12777","quest_12782","quest_12491","quest_12354","quest_12645","quest_12348"],"featImg":"quest_69098","label":"source_quest_68169"},"quest_64598":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_64598","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"64598","score":null,"sort":[1390831232000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"during-drought-pop-up-wetlands-give-birds-a-break","title":"During Drought, Pop-Up Wetlands Give Birds a Break","publishDate":1390831232,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Northern+California/Radio/Stream/Pop_up_wetlands_Jan_27_2014.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\">severe drought\u003c/a> is taking a toll on wildlife around the state. Millions of birds migrate through this time of year, but the waterways and wetlands they rely on are largely dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sacramento Valley, one environmental group is working with farmers and citizen scientists to provide some help by creating temporary “pop-up” wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is always a busy bird season at Douglas Thomas’s rice farm in Olivehurst, California, about 40 miles north of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those fields behind there will fill with geese,” he says. “It’s just so loud. You can’t sleep at night. The first couple nights are pretty rough and I’m actually cussing them even though I love them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent winter morning, Thomas watches as a young bald eagle dives at some 3,000 snow geese floating in the rice fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as they start getting here, this is what I sit and do,” he says “I keep my binoculars in my truck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66369\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 314px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/TNC-map.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-66369\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/TNC-map.jpg\" alt=\"The orange areas show where migratory birds are likely to be on March 17 in the Central Valley, based on citizen science observations from eBird. The blue shows available waterways and wetlands. Scientists used a series of these maps to look for areas where wetlands are lacking. (Source: Cornell eBird, Point Blue Conservation Science, The Nature Conservancy)\" width=\"314\" height=\"465\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The \u003cstrong>orange areas\u003c/strong> show where migratory birds are likely to be on March 17 in the Central Valley, based on citizen science data from eBird. The \u003cstrong>blue\u003c/strong> shows available water. Scientists used a series of these maps to look for areas where wetlands are lacking. (Source: Cornell eBird, Point Blue Conservation Science, The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The birds come here because Thomas keeps his rice fields flooded in December and January. The water decomposes the rice straw leftover from last year’s harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, at the end of January, “we would let our water go and start trying to dry our fields out because the lake that’s in front of us has to be dry enough to drive a tractor in it and then we’ve got to seed it,” he says\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not this year. Thomas is leaving water on his fields a little longer as part of an experimental project with \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">The Nature Conservancy\u003c/a>, designed to provide extra habitat for the birds when they need it most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas’s farm is in the middle of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-great-migration/\">Pacific Flyway\u003c/a>, a vast migration route that stretches from the Arctic to South America. The Central Valley is a key pit stop for millions of birds along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is really the linchpin of the Pacific Flyway,” says Nature Conservancy scientist Mark Reynolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these species breed in the high Arctic and are coming down to spend the wintertime in southern latitudes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some birds, like snow geese, spend the winter in California. Others only stop briefly before continuing hundreds of miles south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like stopping on a road trip so anywhere that they can find habitat and find things to eat to put on fat for their journey, they’ll stop,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wetlands aren’t as abundant as they once were. Ninety percent of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">Central Valley’s historic wetlands\u003c/a> have been filled in and dry years like this one make it even tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"California is really the linchpin of the Pacific Flyway\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of these water bird species on the flyway have had long-term declining population trends,” Reynolds says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reynolds wanted to know where and when the birds need wetlands, so he turned to an \u003ca href=\"http://ebird.org/content/ebird/\">app called e-Bird\u003c/a>. Birders have used it to report tens of thousands of bird sightings, creating a detailed data set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it gives us that we’ve not really had before is for many, many species, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">we now can look week-by-week\u003c/a> at arrival patterns in California,” Reynolds says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In places that lack wetlands, the Nature Conservancy asked rice farmers to put up bids, pricing out how much it would cost to keep their fields flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is paying farmers \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">to create about 10,000 acres\u003c/a> of these temporary wetlands in February and March. The bidding process is secret, but bids came in both above and below $45 per acre, the payments some farmers get from federal conservation programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66368\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 309px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-66368\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg\" alt=\"Rice farmer Douglas Thomas watches thousands of snow geese take flight. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"309\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1-400x368.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 309px) 100vw, 309px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rice farmer Douglas Thomas watches thousands of snow geese take flight. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas says his cost is largely labor. “It’ll push back our planting cycle,” he says. “We can’t get into our fields earlier. So we’re putting harder, longer hours on our tractor and our crew. We’re taking a greater risk doing this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas will keep two-to-four inches of water on his fields for four weeks. The water level is tailored for shorebirds, like long-billed dowitchers, sandpipers, and godwits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nature Conservancy economist Eric Hallstein says the payments help offset the farmers’ risks and are a cost-effective way to create habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional model in conservation – it’s actually to permanently buy a piece of property or an easement,” Hallstein says. “It’s very expensive, prohibitively expensive. And also, we don’t want to displace farmers from that property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas Thomas sees a more personal upside. “Northern pintail is my favorite bird,” he says. “It’s such a graceful, amazing creature. And that we’re part of that annual cycle, that’s a neat, special thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By April, his fields will be dry and the birds will be on their way back north.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As California's drought gets worse, farmers and conservationists are teaming up to create temporary wetlands for birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442607140,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":938},"headData":{"title":"During Drought, Pop-Up Wetlands Give Birds a Break | KQED","description":"As California's drought gets worse, farmers and conservationists are teaming up to create temporary wetlands for birds migrating on the Pacific Flyway.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"64598 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=64598","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/01/27/during-drought-pop-up-wetlands-give-birds-a-break/","disqusTitle":"During Drought, Pop-Up Wetlands Give Birds a Break","path":"/quest/64598/during-drought-pop-up-wetlands-give-birds-a-break","audioUrl":"https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Northern+California/Radio/Stream/Pop_up_wetlands_Jan_27_2014.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Northern+California/Radio/Stream/Pop_up_wetlands_Jan_27_2014.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/series/california-drought-watch/\">severe drought\u003c/a> is taking a toll on wildlife around the state. Millions of birds migrate through this time of year, but the waterways and wetlands they rely on are largely dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Sacramento Valley, one environmental group is working with farmers and citizen scientists to provide some help by creating temporary “pop-up” wetlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter is always a busy bird season at Douglas Thomas’s rice farm in Olivehurst, California, about 40 miles north of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those fields behind there will fill with geese,” he says. “It’s just so loud. You can’t sleep at night. The first couple nights are pretty rough and I’m actually cussing them even though I love them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent winter morning, Thomas watches as a young bald eagle dives at some 3,000 snow geese floating in the rice fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as they start getting here, this is what I sit and do,” he says “I keep my binoculars in my truck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66369\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 314px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/TNC-map.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-66369\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/TNC-map.jpg\" alt=\"The orange areas show where migratory birds are likely to be on March 17 in the Central Valley, based on citizen science observations from eBird. The blue shows available waterways and wetlands. Scientists used a series of these maps to look for areas where wetlands are lacking. (Source: Cornell eBird, Point Blue Conservation Science, The Nature Conservancy)\" width=\"314\" height=\"465\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The \u003cstrong>orange areas\u003c/strong> show where migratory birds are likely to be on March 17 in the Central Valley, based on citizen science data from eBird. The \u003cstrong>blue\u003c/strong> shows available water. Scientists used a series of these maps to look for areas where wetlands are lacking. (Source: Cornell eBird, Point Blue Conservation Science, The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The birds come here because Thomas keeps his rice fields flooded in December and January. The water decomposes the rice straw leftover from last year’s harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normally, at the end of January, “we would let our water go and start trying to dry our fields out because the lake that’s in front of us has to be dry enough to drive a tractor in it and then we’ve got to seed it,” he says\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not this year. Thomas is leaving water on his fields a little longer as part of an experimental project with \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">The Nature Conservancy\u003c/a>, designed to provide extra habitat for the birds when they need it most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas’s farm is in the middle of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-great-migration/\">Pacific Flyway\u003c/a>, a vast migration route that stretches from the Arctic to South America. The Central Valley is a key pit stop for millions of birds along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California is really the linchpin of the Pacific Flyway,” says Nature Conservancy scientist Mark Reynolds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these species breed in the high Arctic and are coming down to spend the wintertime in southern latitudes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some birds, like snow geese, spend the winter in California. Others only stop briefly before continuing hundreds of miles south.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like stopping on a road trip so anywhere that they can find habitat and find things to eat to put on fat for their journey, they’ll stop,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wetlands aren’t as abundant as they once were. Ninety percent of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/delta-map/\">Central Valley’s historic wetlands\u003c/a> have been filled in and dry years like this one make it even tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"California is really the linchpin of the Pacific Flyway\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Many of these water bird species on the flyway have had long-term declining population trends,” Reynolds says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reynolds wanted to know where and when the birds need wetlands, so he turned to an \u003ca href=\"http://ebird.org/content/ebird/\">app called e-Bird\u003c/a>. Birders have used it to report tens of thousands of bird sightings, creating a detailed data set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What it gives us that we’ve not really had before is for many, many species, \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">we now can look week-by-week\u003c/a> at arrival patterns in California,” Reynolds says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In places that lack wetlands, the Nature Conservancy asked rice farmers to put up bids, pricing out how much it would cost to keep their fields flooded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group is paying farmers \u003ca href=\"http://www.conserveca.org/blog_multimedia/precision-conservation.xml\">to create about 10,000 acres\u003c/a> of these temporary wetlands in February and March. The bidding process is secret, but bids came in both above and below $45 per acre, the payments some farmers get from federal conservation programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_66368\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 309px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-66368\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg\" alt=\"Rice farmer Douglas Thomas watches thousands of snow geese take flight. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\" width=\"309\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/12/Thomas1-400x368.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 309px) 100vw, 309px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rice farmer Douglas Thomas watches thousands of snow geese take flight. (Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thomas says his cost is largely labor. “It’ll push back our planting cycle,” he says. “We can’t get into our fields earlier. So we’re putting harder, longer hours on our tractor and our crew. We’re taking a greater risk doing this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas will keep two-to-four inches of water on his fields for four weeks. The water level is tailored for shorebirds, like long-billed dowitchers, sandpipers, and godwits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nature Conservancy economist Eric Hallstein says the payments help offset the farmers’ risks and are a cost-effective way to create habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traditional model in conservation – it’s actually to permanently buy a piece of property or an easement,” Hallstein says. “It’s very expensive, prohibitively expensive. And also, we don’t want to displace farmers from that property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Douglas Thomas sees a more personal upside. “Northern pintail is my favorite bird,” he says. “It’s such a graceful, amazing creature. And that we’re part of that annual cycle, that’s a neat, special thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By April, his fields will be dry and the birds will be on their way back north.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/64598/during-drought-pop-up-wetlands-give-birds-a-break","authors":["239"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_6","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_85","quest_252","quest_326","quest_340","quest_438","quest_533","quest_684","quest_1073","quest_12269","quest_1819","quest_2102","quest_13","quest_3108","quest_3155"],"featImg":"quest_66367","label":"quest"},"quest_62737":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_62737","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"62737","score":null,"sort":[1389279600000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"birds-blades-and-the-brutal-business-of-clean-energy","title":"Birds, Blades, and the Brutal Business of Clean Energy","publishDate":1389279600,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Migrating annually from northeast Canada down the spine of the southern Appalachians is a very small and genetically unique subpopulation of golden eagles (\u003cstrong>Aquila chrysaetos\u003c/strong>). These raptors are generally thought to inhabit the arid mesas and icy buttes of the American West, but a few thousand spend their winters in upland forests and pastures far to the east. It’s here that these great birds are now facing a formidable and unexpected foe: wind energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65687\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 363px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/5-Sunset-birds-Jack-Geiser.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65687\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/5-Sunset-birds-Jack-Geiser-363x253.jpg\" alt=\"5 Sunset birds Jack Geiser\" width=\"363\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">573,000 birds died as a result of wind turbines in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wsb.260/abstract\">according to a study\u003c/a> published by The Wildlife Society. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/jg_photo_art/10735752396/in/photolist-hmFxaf-gfe2YJ-cUJSEm-9uNWLr-9uS3CG-dsc8p9-8Z84nB-dsc8sJ-dsc8qm-94Sngj-akS4rN-deWLBz-94Snc3-9TGbnD-9TKYdd-fKpJr8-boysAo-fxDnTX-9AmJBh-bTW9jZ-81H342-8EkQAZ-f9tgdm-8DDJLk-7T8zj7-aec6Vx-9uNpun-9ESNdT-8cWCei-d9FaLu-azHjfz-95UV8z-9GuUqx-c5LPA5-b2MWWX-b2MRE4-aaoQJW-dsc3Ti-dsc3UF-8WRBjc-dsccvj-asEfjg-dPYWDJ-9k8Pgj-9Wnp4j-9Wjy2x-9WnoBC-9WnoXS-9Wjy1k-9WjxSM-9WnoQ9/lightbox/\">Jack Geiser\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During their continental migration golden eagles must conserve as much energy as possible. They accomplish this by spending less time hunting and more time gliding, using geographic features like mountain ridges to capture updrafts that buoy them along their way. But eagles are not the only ones seeking to exploit these thermal patterns: wind turbines are often placed along the same breezy ridges that migratory birds and bats depend upon. The result is that wildlife and wind turbines increasingly occupy the same flight path, and that’s bad news for the birds, which can fall victim to the turbines’ 120-foot blades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2013, the Department of Justice successfully prosecuted Duke Energy under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act for the killing of 14 golden eagles at a wind farm in Wyoming. Conveniently for energy corporations like Duke -- and less so for eagles -- in December 2013, the Obama Administration \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Eagle-deaths-split-wind-farm-debate-5053033.php\">finalized a rule\u003c/a> allowing the incidental “take” of golden and bald eagles by wind farms over a 30-year period of operation, a decision that flies in the face of federal law and drastically heightens the likelihood of further eagle mortality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65684\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/2-Golden-b-by-Mark-Jones.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65684\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/2-Golden-b-by-Mark-Jones-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"2 Golden b by Mark Jones\" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A subpopulation of golden eagles migrate annually from northeast Canada down the southern Appalachian Mountains. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/56992548@N07/6266405350/in/photolist-axJXZy-axK2xs-axKbty-9ST75g-fkroiZ-7TrMAh-7E8vNm-iixGB4-88SAQx-8Stx2u-8A4zzs-eYXqPk-fJbX2w-buKaeh-8qfz5n-8pyYXY-gnBS8V-8pzAef-bSD5xa-9Mmiu8-846Cp1-bv4n9r-88vc5k-88vc5c-9jM7U7-eHgQbV-cZ7tN9-8rYY5Q-7GpD58-einChc-fHUpKn-fJbWpf-88vc56-8qjhao-b6ZzUH-f2A1dz-f2zVYv-bcVQGp-91HJpC-91HMgG-91HKah-7AbJAr-e71g3D-9vFwnM-9n3NUh-9gg39f-a84t4w-8bzC55-8qfs6g-cHLHJL-dxMA4j\">Mark Jones\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And wind turbines are not the only danger Appalachian golden eagles face during their southern sojourn. Much of the birds’ winter nourishment comes from winter-killed deer that have expired over the long frozen nights. But some of these initial deaths come from animals wounded during the region’s popular deer season, and it is this food source that unfortunately poses an additional and insidious threat to the eagles. When a lead rifle bullet strikes an animal, it fragments into many pieces, sending shrapnel tearing through the target’s organs and soft tissues. This amplifies the weapon’s killing power and leaves a deadly legacy for scavengers feeding on the carcass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether from gut piles left behind from field-dressing kills or from animals that were wounded and died unclaimed, lead bullet fragments left in the wild will likely be consumed by something: a bear, a fox, an eagle -- nature rarely lets nourishment go to waste. Birds are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of lead. Fortunately, there are lead ammunition \u003ca href=\"http://www.huntingwithnonlead.org\">alternatives such as copper\u003c/a> that are now widely available. (\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/with-condors-on-the-brink-california-considers-a-lead-bullet-ban-for-hunters/\">See this QUEST story\u003c/a> about California’s efforts to protect the California condor from the dangers posed by lead ammunition.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65700\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 190px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/8-golden-strike-by-The-Bird-Group.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65700\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/8-golden-strike-by-The-Bird-Group-271x360.jpg\" alt=\"8 golden strike by The Bird Group\" width=\"190\" height=\"252\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photo, courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://birdgroup.org/researchconservation/aviansafetyresearch.html\">The Bird Group\u003c/a>, allegedly shows a golden eagle killed by a wind turbine collision.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s recent ban on lead hunting ammunition isn’t likely to be duplicated in West Virginia any time soon, but a little care in the placement of wind turbines might be a much more realistic starting point for the long-term protection of these eagles. With climate change manifesting itself more clearly with each passing season, wind energy is making an important contribution toward a more sustainable, clean-burning future. But every technology has its tradeoffs, and quite a long shadow can fall between the idea and the reality, especially when it’s cast by a row of 330-foot-tall rotating turbines. The biologists and policymakers with whom I spoke while reporting this article agree that for renewable energy to be truly sustainable over the long term, it must be undertaken in such a way as to minimize the harmful impacts it can have on the natural environment it’s meant to champion. Renewables are certainly better than fossil fuels, but they are still a form of industry that requires oversight and regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65689\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 327px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/4-Golden-Released-by-Leon-Roland-cropped.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-65689\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/4-Golden-Released-by-Leon-Roland-cropped-327x253.jpg\" alt=\"Golden eagles face a threat from lead bullets as well as wind turbines. Photo courtesy Leon Roland.\" width=\"327\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden eagles in the eastern United States face a threat from lead bullets as well as wind turbines. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/rolandlh/4395412731/in/photolist-7GpD58-b6ZzUH-f2A1dz-f2zVYv-bcVQGp-91HJpC-91HMgG-91HKah-7AbJAr-e71g3D-9vFwnM-9n3NUh-9gcWP2-9gg39f-a84t4w-8bzC55-8qfs6g-cHLHJL-dxMA4j-dSnV1y-9tSQ4n-9tSQ1X-bWXaAf-9tVN33-aBCsgt-aBCsgB-aBCsgk-dkw8QL-b56SsP-9zqiYP-fPWWg3-c2pZkQ-gY3ujR-bkofic-dGj6CA-dGj8uN-dGj5Q5-dGdG3i-dGdDWX-dGdDya-dGdGnV-bkoh3g-aooC6j-hSZeVu-eXStM9-9bJxXi-9bJy3a-eYxuVb-eYm6f4-9ztg8C-9zqi4c/\">Leon Roland\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Obama Administration’s decision to excuse turbines from statutes that protect eagles from other manmade dangers runs counter to legal precedent. Without fear of penalty, there is little reason to expect the wind energy corporations to deliberately site new turbines in areas removed from eagle migratory routes. The broken bodies of these magnificent eagles sprawled beneath the massive revolving blades seem to be the preventable \u003ca href=\"http://birdgroup.org/images/374_IMG_4297.JPG\">casualties\u003c/a> of a new gold rush for federal incentives supporting clean energy, another obstacle on the long, slow road to a sustainable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Does a shift toward renewable energy sources mean choosing between wind turbines and wildlife? Author William H. Funk weighs in.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442706521,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":837},"headData":{"title":"Birds, Blades, and the Brutal Business of Clean Energy | KQED","description":"Does a shift toward renewable energy sources mean choosing between wind turbines and wildlife? Author William H. Funk weighs in.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"62737 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=62737","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/01/09/birds-blades-and-the-brutal-business-of-clean-energy/","disqusTitle":"Birds, Blades, and the Brutal Business of Clean Energy","path":"/quest/62737/birds-blades-and-the-brutal-business-of-clean-energy","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Migrating annually from northeast Canada down the spine of the southern Appalachians is a very small and genetically unique subpopulation of golden eagles (\u003cstrong>Aquila chrysaetos\u003c/strong>). These raptors are generally thought to inhabit the arid mesas and icy buttes of the American West, but a few thousand spend their winters in upland forests and pastures far to the east. It’s here that these great birds are now facing a formidable and unexpected foe: wind energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65687\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 363px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/5-Sunset-birds-Jack-Geiser.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65687\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/5-Sunset-birds-Jack-Geiser-363x253.jpg\" alt=\"5 Sunset birds Jack Geiser\" width=\"363\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">573,000 birds died as a result of wind turbines in 2012, \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wsb.260/abstract\">according to a study\u003c/a> published by The Wildlife Society. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/jg_photo_art/10735752396/in/photolist-hmFxaf-gfe2YJ-cUJSEm-9uNWLr-9uS3CG-dsc8p9-8Z84nB-dsc8sJ-dsc8qm-94Sngj-akS4rN-deWLBz-94Snc3-9TGbnD-9TKYdd-fKpJr8-boysAo-fxDnTX-9AmJBh-bTW9jZ-81H342-8EkQAZ-f9tgdm-8DDJLk-7T8zj7-aec6Vx-9uNpun-9ESNdT-8cWCei-d9FaLu-azHjfz-95UV8z-9GuUqx-c5LPA5-b2MWWX-b2MRE4-aaoQJW-dsc3Ti-dsc3UF-8WRBjc-dsccvj-asEfjg-dPYWDJ-9k8Pgj-9Wnp4j-9Wjy2x-9WnoBC-9WnoXS-9Wjy1k-9WjxSM-9WnoQ9/lightbox/\">Jack Geiser\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During their continental migration golden eagles must conserve as much energy as possible. They accomplish this by spending less time hunting and more time gliding, using geographic features like mountain ridges to capture updrafts that buoy them along their way. But eagles are not the only ones seeking to exploit these thermal patterns: wind turbines are often placed along the same breezy ridges that migratory birds and bats depend upon. The result is that wildlife and wind turbines increasingly occupy the same flight path, and that’s bad news for the birds, which can fall victim to the turbines’ 120-foot blades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November 2013, the Department of Justice successfully prosecuted Duke Energy under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act for the killing of 14 golden eagles at a wind farm in Wyoming. Conveniently for energy corporations like Duke -- and less so for eagles -- in December 2013, the Obama Administration \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Eagle-deaths-split-wind-farm-debate-5053033.php\">finalized a rule\u003c/a> allowing the incidental “take” of golden and bald eagles by wind farms over a 30-year period of operation, a decision that flies in the face of federal law and drastically heightens the likelihood of further eagle mortality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65684\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 380px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/2-Golden-b-by-Mark-Jones.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65684\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/2-Golden-b-by-Mark-Jones-380x253.jpg\" alt=\"2 Golden b by Mark Jones\" width=\"380\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A subpopulation of golden eagles migrate annually from northeast Canada down the southern Appalachian Mountains. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/56992548@N07/6266405350/in/photolist-axJXZy-axK2xs-axKbty-9ST75g-fkroiZ-7TrMAh-7E8vNm-iixGB4-88SAQx-8Stx2u-8A4zzs-eYXqPk-fJbX2w-buKaeh-8qfz5n-8pyYXY-gnBS8V-8pzAef-bSD5xa-9Mmiu8-846Cp1-bv4n9r-88vc5k-88vc5c-9jM7U7-eHgQbV-cZ7tN9-8rYY5Q-7GpD58-einChc-fHUpKn-fJbWpf-88vc56-8qjhao-b6ZzUH-f2A1dz-f2zVYv-bcVQGp-91HJpC-91HMgG-91HKah-7AbJAr-e71g3D-9vFwnM-9n3NUh-9gg39f-a84t4w-8bzC55-8qfs6g-cHLHJL-dxMA4j\">Mark Jones\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And wind turbines are not the only danger Appalachian golden eagles face during their southern sojourn. Much of the birds’ winter nourishment comes from winter-killed deer that have expired over the long frozen nights. But some of these initial deaths come from animals wounded during the region’s popular deer season, and it is this food source that unfortunately poses an additional and insidious threat to the eagles. When a lead rifle bullet strikes an animal, it fragments into many pieces, sending shrapnel tearing through the target’s organs and soft tissues. This amplifies the weapon’s killing power and leaves a deadly legacy for scavengers feeding on the carcass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether from gut piles left behind from field-dressing kills or from animals that were wounded and died unclaimed, lead bullet fragments left in the wild will likely be consumed by something: a bear, a fox, an eagle -- nature rarely lets nourishment go to waste. Birds are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of lead. Fortunately, there are lead ammunition \u003ca href=\"http://www.huntingwithnonlead.org\">alternatives such as copper\u003c/a> that are now widely available. (\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/with-condors-on-the-brink-california-considers-a-lead-bullet-ban-for-hunters/\">See this QUEST story\u003c/a> about California’s efforts to protect the California condor from the dangers posed by lead ammunition.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65700\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 190px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/8-golden-strike-by-The-Bird-Group.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-65700\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/8-golden-strike-by-The-Bird-Group-271x360.jpg\" alt=\"8 golden strike by The Bird Group\" width=\"190\" height=\"252\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photo, courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://birdgroup.org/researchconservation/aviansafetyresearch.html\">The Bird Group\u003c/a>, allegedly shows a golden eagle killed by a wind turbine collision.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California’s recent ban on lead hunting ammunition isn’t likely to be duplicated in West Virginia any time soon, but a little care in the placement of wind turbines might be a much more realistic starting point for the long-term protection of these eagles. With climate change manifesting itself more clearly with each passing season, wind energy is making an important contribution toward a more sustainable, clean-burning future. But every technology has its tradeoffs, and quite a long shadow can fall between the idea and the reality, especially when it’s cast by a row of 330-foot-tall rotating turbines. The biologists and policymakers with whom I spoke while reporting this article agree that for renewable energy to be truly sustainable over the long term, it must be undertaken in such a way as to minimize the harmful impacts it can have on the natural environment it’s meant to champion. Renewables are certainly better than fossil fuels, but they are still a form of industry that requires oversight and regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_65689\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 327px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/4-Golden-Released-by-Leon-Roland-cropped.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-65689\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/4-Golden-Released-by-Leon-Roland-cropped-327x253.jpg\" alt=\"Golden eagles face a threat from lead bullets as well as wind turbines. Photo courtesy Leon Roland.\" width=\"327\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden eagles in the eastern United States face a threat from lead bullets as well as wind turbines. Photo courtesy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/rolandlh/4395412731/in/photolist-7GpD58-b6ZzUH-f2A1dz-f2zVYv-bcVQGp-91HJpC-91HMgG-91HKah-7AbJAr-e71g3D-9vFwnM-9n3NUh-9gcWP2-9gg39f-a84t4w-8bzC55-8qfs6g-cHLHJL-dxMA4j-dSnV1y-9tSQ4n-9tSQ1X-bWXaAf-9tVN33-aBCsgt-aBCsgB-aBCsgk-dkw8QL-b56SsP-9zqiYP-fPWWg3-c2pZkQ-gY3ujR-bkofic-dGj6CA-dGj8uN-dGj5Q5-dGdG3i-dGdDWX-dGdDya-dGdGnV-bkoh3g-aooC6j-hSZeVu-eXStM9-9bJxXi-9bJy3a-eYxuVb-eYm6f4-9ztg8C-9zqi4c/\">Leon Roland\u003c/a>.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Obama Administration’s decision to excuse turbines from statutes that protect eagles from other manmade dangers runs counter to legal precedent. Without fear of penalty, there is little reason to expect the wind energy corporations to deliberately site new turbines in areas removed from eagle migratory routes. The broken bodies of these magnificent eagles sprawled beneath the massive revolving blades seem to be the preventable \u003ca href=\"http://birdgroup.org/images/374_IMG_4297.JPG\">casualties\u003c/a> of a new gold rush for federal incentives supporting clean energy, another obstacle on the long, slow road to a sustainable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/62737/birds-blades-and-the-brutal-business-of-clean-energy","authors":["10531"],"categories":["quest_11765","quest_8","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_339","quest_616","quest_12269","quest_1235","quest_1819","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_10427","quest_12549","quest_10363","quest_10303","quest_3165","quest_3166"],"featImg":"quest_65699","label":"quest"},"quest_31013":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_31013","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"31013","score":null,"sort":[1331915640000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gigantic-journey-humpback-migration","title":"Gigantic Journeys: Humpback and Gray Whale Migration","publishDate":1331915640,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_31014\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-31014\" title=\"humpback barrelroll\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Humpback Breaching by Samuel Embry. Calving grounds off the coast of Maui are active with humpback whales.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Look at a globe or photo of Earth from space and you can see our blue planet, with the continents surrounded by ever-circulating, briny waters of the sea. Perhaps no living thing has a better appreciation of the continuity of the seas than the largest animals in them: whales. From continent to continent, they travel between warm waters for birthing their young, then saunter endless miles to frigid polar seas that teem with arthropods and fish. Whales are one of our most amazing co-inhabitants of the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Directly off our coast every spring, \u003ca title=\"gray whale species information NOAA website\" href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/cetaceans/graywhale.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> gray whales\u003c/a> parade past our shores in the longest migration of any mammal, about 10,000 miles round trip. Sometimes we can see them even closer to home when they occasionally enter the Bay, as a cow-calf pair did recently. For several years the grays seemed to be making more stops in the Bay, with fewer sightings in the last few years. The Oceanic Society collected data on them including what they were doing here (feeding, resting, or perhaps getting lost) and how toxins in Bay mud may affect them. They're planning to reinstate their data collection this year and next with the increase of whale visits in the Bay. (See their report at the \u003ca title=\"Oceanic Society report on gray whales in the Bay\" href=\"http://www.oceanicsociety.org/conservation/gray-whales-san-francisco-bay\" target=\"_blank\">Oceanic Society website\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33197\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/world.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33197\" title=\"Migration map for Humpbacks Whales. NOAA SPLASH\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/world-245x169.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"245\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SPLASH study mapped humpback whale populations and migration in the North Pacific\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gray whales have made an amazing comeback from the brink of extinction. With international and federal government protection, their population has returned to levels estimated for their pre-hunting numbers. There are many opportunities between now and mid-April to view the gray whale migration for yourself either from a boat or from shore. For great views from shore, check out the \u003ca title=\"Whale Watching at Pt. Reyes National Seashore\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/wildlife_viewing_whales.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a> and other \u003ca title=\"Whale Watching from Shore\" href=\"http://www.best-california-beach.com/california-whale-watching.html\" target=\"_blank\">Bay Area shorelines\u003c/a>. I had an exciting view of a young gray whale breaching, launching itself out of the water repeatedly, from the Point Reyes lighthouse in early April one year. It really made the climb down and back up those 300 steps worthwhile!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"humpback whale species information NOAA website\" href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/cetaceans/humpbackwhale.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Humpback whales \u003c/a>are another species that traverse the vast Pacific, though in much smaller numbers than the gray whales. Humpbacks are an endangered species with both international and federal government protected status. Their population was monitored and mapped in the north Pacific. The study, conducted for four years, found a much more complex population movement and dispersion than scientists had expected. The Hawaiian Islands are largest calving grounds with the shallower seas around Maui designated as the Humpback Whale Sanctuary. You can watch humpback cows teaching their calves the finer points of breaching, fin and tail slapping, and hear male humpbacks singing underwater. Listen to a \u003ca title=\"humpback whale song recording\" href=\"http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/explore/sounds/whale_song.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">humpback whale song\u003c/a> from the NOAA website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33198\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 252px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Humpback-fluke.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33198\" title=\"Humpback fluke\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Humpback-fluke-252x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"252\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Humpback fluke (tail) are highly individualized and can be used like fingerprints to identify each whale. Photo by Samuel Embry\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Food for thought: the majority of humpbacks swim through the\u003ca href=\"http://marinedebris.noaa.gov/info/patch.html#4\"> Pacific Gyre\u003c/a>, an island of floating trash, mostly plastics, trapped by ocean currents and estimated to be the size of Texas. Akin to pushing a baby stroller through a garbage dump, swimming through this area could expose young humpbacks to toxins accumulating in the small plastic pellets - DDT, PCBs, and the like. Some steps we can take closer to home that'll help our ocean wildlife is to reduce the amount of plastics we use. Check out this blogger's account about going 30 days without using plastics and consider where you can cut down on the amount of single-use plastics in your life: \u003ca title=\"Modern Muse: 30 Days without Plastic Blog\" href=\"http://modernmuse.blogspot.com/2011_06_01_archive.html\" target=\"_blank\">Modern Muse: 30 Days without Plastic\u003c/a> The whales and ocean wildlife will be better off for it, and so will we!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Perhaps no living thing has a better appreciation of the continuity of the seas than the largest animals in them: whales.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366753827,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":649},"headData":{"title":"Gigantic Journeys: Humpback and Gray Whale Migration | KQED","description":"Perhaps no living thing has a better appreciation of the continuity of the seas than the largest animals in them: whales.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"31013 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=31013","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/16/gigantic-journey-humpback-migration/","disqusTitle":"Gigantic Journeys: Humpback and Gray Whale Migration","path":"/quest/31013/gigantic-journey-humpback-migration","audioUrl":"http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/explore/sounds/whale_song.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_31014\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-31014\" title=\"humpback barrelroll\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/02/humpback-barrelroll-e1331593917305-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Humpback Breaching by Samuel Embry. Calving grounds off the coast of Maui are active with humpback whales.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Look at a globe or photo of Earth from space and you can see our blue planet, with the continents surrounded by ever-circulating, briny waters of the sea. Perhaps no living thing has a better appreciation of the continuity of the seas than the largest animals in them: whales. From continent to continent, they travel between warm waters for birthing their young, then saunter endless miles to frigid polar seas that teem with arthropods and fish. Whales are one of our most amazing co-inhabitants of the planet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Directly off our coast every spring, \u003ca title=\"gray whale species information NOAA website\" href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/cetaceans/graywhale.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> gray whales\u003c/a> parade past our shores in the longest migration of any mammal, about 10,000 miles round trip. Sometimes we can see them even closer to home when they occasionally enter the Bay, as a cow-calf pair did recently. For several years the grays seemed to be making more stops in the Bay, with fewer sightings in the last few years. The Oceanic Society collected data on them including what they were doing here (feeding, resting, or perhaps getting lost) and how toxins in Bay mud may affect them. They're planning to reinstate their data collection this year and next with the increase of whale visits in the Bay. (See their report at the \u003ca title=\"Oceanic Society report on gray whales in the Bay\" href=\"http://www.oceanicsociety.org/conservation/gray-whales-san-francisco-bay\" target=\"_blank\">Oceanic Society website\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33197\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 245px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/world.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33197\" title=\"Migration map for Humpbacks Whales. NOAA SPLASH\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/world-245x169.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"245\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SPLASH study mapped humpback whale populations and migration in the North Pacific\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gray whales have made an amazing comeback from the brink of extinction. With international and federal government protection, their population has returned to levels estimated for their pre-hunting numbers. There are many opportunities between now and mid-April to view the gray whale migration for yourself either from a boat or from shore. For great views from shore, check out the \u003ca title=\"Whale Watching at Pt. Reyes National Seashore\" href=\"http://www.nps.gov/pore/planyourvisit/wildlife_viewing_whales.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Point Reyes National Seashore\u003c/a> and other \u003ca title=\"Whale Watching from Shore\" href=\"http://www.best-california-beach.com/california-whale-watching.html\" target=\"_blank\">Bay Area shorelines\u003c/a>. I had an exciting view of a young gray whale breaching, launching itself out of the water repeatedly, from the Point Reyes lighthouse in early April one year. It really made the climb down and back up those 300 steps worthwhile!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"humpback whale species information NOAA website\" href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/mammals/cetaceans/humpbackwhale.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Humpback whales \u003c/a>are another species that traverse the vast Pacific, though in much smaller numbers than the gray whales. Humpbacks are an endangered species with both international and federal government protected status. Their population was monitored and mapped in the north Pacific. The study, conducted for four years, found a much more complex population movement and dispersion than scientists had expected. The Hawaiian Islands are largest calving grounds with the shallower seas around Maui designated as the Humpback Whale Sanctuary. You can watch humpback cows teaching their calves the finer points of breaching, fin and tail slapping, and hear male humpbacks singing underwater. Listen to a \u003ca title=\"humpback whale song recording\" href=\"http://hawaiihumpbackwhale.noaa.gov/explore/sounds/whale_song.mp3\" target=\"_blank\">humpback whale song\u003c/a> from the NOAA website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33198\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 252px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Humpback-fluke.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33198\" title=\"Humpback fluke\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Humpback-fluke-252x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"252\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Humpback fluke (tail) are highly individualized and can be used like fingerprints to identify each whale. Photo by Samuel Embry\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Food for thought: the majority of humpbacks swim through the\u003ca href=\"http://marinedebris.noaa.gov/info/patch.html#4\"> Pacific Gyre\u003c/a>, an island of floating trash, mostly plastics, trapped by ocean currents and estimated to be the size of Texas. Akin to pushing a baby stroller through a garbage dump, swimming through this area could expose young humpbacks to toxins accumulating in the small plastic pellets - DDT, PCBs, and the like. Some steps we can take closer to home that'll help our ocean wildlife is to reduce the amount of plastics we use. Check out this blogger's account about going 30 days without using plastics and consider where you can cut down on the amount of single-use plastics in your life: \u003ca title=\"Modern Muse: 30 Days without Plastic Blog\" href=\"http://modernmuse.blogspot.com/2011_06_01_archive.html\" target=\"_blank\">Modern Muse: 30 Days without Plastic\u003c/a> The whales and ocean wildlife will be better off for it, and so will we!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/31013/gigantic-journey-humpback-migration","authors":["6328"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_326","quest_10841","quest_10787","quest_10843","quest_1819","quest_2034","quest_10844","quest_10842","quest_13202"],"featImg":"quest_31014","label":"quest"},"quest_11795":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_11795","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"11795","score":null,"sort":[1295891607000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gray-whale-season","title":"It's Gray Whale Season!","publishDate":1295891607,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"center\"><img src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/01/big-whale1.jpg\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Gray whale near Pacific Grove. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/tclifton/\">Tom Clifton\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.acsonline.org/factpack/graywhl.htm\">gray whale\u003c/a> season. As you gaze out across the Pacific, you may see one. These whales are gray in color (hence their name), and are dotted with white markings—scars from parasitic barnacles that attached themselves to the whales’ skin, and then fell off. As they dive, you won’t see a dorsal fin—gray whales don’t have them—but you might see a series of bumps that extend from the middle of the back towards the tail. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gray whales we see this time of year are traveling from the Bering and \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chukchi_Sea\">Chukghi\u003c/a> seas, their summer feeding grounds, to Baja, where they mate and give birth to their calves. \u003c!--more-->These are some big babies—they’re about 4.5 meters (15 feet) long and weigh up to 1,500 pounds! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, gray whales had a wide distribution. There were four populations: the Eastern North Pacific population that we see migrating along our coast, a Western North Pacific population along the coast of Asia, and two populations in the North Atlantic. The Eastern North Atlantic population, along the coast of Europe, went extinct in the 5th century. The Western North Atlantic population, along the east coast of North America, went extinct in the 18th century because of whaling. Today, the North Pacific population close to Asia is critically endangered, with fewer than 200 individuals. The North Pacific population along our coast is doing well, with over 20,000 individuals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past summer, a gray whale was \u003ca href=\"http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18883-stray-grey-whale-navigates-the-northwest-passage.html\">spotted in the Mediterranean\u003c/a>—first near Israel, and then near Spain. The Mediterranean may have been a breeding ground for grey whales, before whales in this region died out. It is thought that this lone whale crossed from the Pacific to the Atlantic via the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Passage\">Northwest Passage\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, the Northwest Passage has been, well, impassable, clogged with sea ice and impossible to navigate. But because of global warming, the sea ice is melting. In the summertime, it is possible for ships to move through the Northwest Passage, opening a \u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/16/arctic-shipping-gets-boring/\">new trade route through the Arctic\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opening of the Northwest Passage to trade is controversial; countries debate over who controls this new waterway, and the presence of container ships, with their loud noises and polluting fuels, could adversely affect Arctic wildlife. Ships can do major physical damage to whales, as QUEST blogger David McGuire pointed out in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/20/when-a-sanctuary-is-no-longer-a-sanctuary/\">this blog post\u003c/a>. And engine noise travels far underwater, which can interfere with whale communication. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/wildlife/marine/sonar.asp\">Sonar’s effects on marine mammals\u003c/a> can be even worse. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on gray whales, check out this Jean-Michel Cousteau Ocean Adventures \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMFznXz-Uh4\">video\u003c/a>. And find out where you can see gray whales yourself, with this list of \u003ca href=\"http://baynature.org/articles/web-only-articles/whale-resources/\">gray whale resources\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"http://baynature.org/\">Bay Nature\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It’s gray whale season. As you gaze out across the Pacific, you may see one.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1295891607,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":499},"headData":{"title":"It's Gray Whale Season! | KQED","description":"It’s gray whale season. As you gaze out across the Pacific, you may see one.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"11795 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=11795","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/01/24/gray-whale-season/","disqusTitle":"It's Gray Whale Season!","path":"/quest/11795/gray-whale-season","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"center\"><img src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/01/big-whale1.jpg\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Gray whale near Pacific Grove. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/tclifton/\">Tom Clifton\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.acsonline.org/factpack/graywhl.htm\">gray whale\u003c/a> season. As you gaze out across the Pacific, you may see one. These whales are gray in color (hence their name), and are dotted with white markings—scars from parasitic barnacles that attached themselves to the whales’ skin, and then fell off. As they dive, you won’t see a dorsal fin—gray whales don’t have them—but you might see a series of bumps that extend from the middle of the back towards the tail. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gray whales we see this time of year are traveling from the Bering and \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chukchi_Sea\">Chukghi\u003c/a> seas, their summer feeding grounds, to Baja, where they mate and give birth to their calves. \u003c!--more-->These are some big babies—they’re about 4.5 meters (15 feet) long and weigh up to 1,500 pounds! \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, gray whales had a wide distribution. There were four populations: the Eastern North Pacific population that we see migrating along our coast, a Western North Pacific population along the coast of Asia, and two populations in the North Atlantic. The Eastern North Atlantic population, along the coast of Europe, went extinct in the 5th century. The Western North Atlantic population, along the east coast of North America, went extinct in the 18th century because of whaling. Today, the North Pacific population close to Asia is critically endangered, with fewer than 200 individuals. The North Pacific population along our coast is doing well, with over 20,000 individuals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This past summer, a gray whale was \u003ca href=\"http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18883-stray-grey-whale-navigates-the-northwest-passage.html\">spotted in the Mediterranean\u003c/a>—first near Israel, and then near Spain. The Mediterranean may have been a breeding ground for grey whales, before whales in this region died out. It is thought that this lone whale crossed from the Pacific to the Atlantic via the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwest_Passage\">Northwest Passage\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For centuries, the Northwest Passage has been, well, impassable, clogged with sea ice and impossible to navigate. But because of global warming, the sea ice is melting. In the summertime, it is possible for ships to move through the Northwest Passage, opening a \u003ca href=\"http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/16/arctic-shipping-gets-boring/\">new trade route through the Arctic\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opening of the Northwest Passage to trade is controversial; countries debate over who controls this new waterway, and the presence of container ships, with their loud noises and polluting fuels, could adversely affect Arctic wildlife. Ships can do major physical damage to whales, as QUEST blogger David McGuire pointed out in \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/20/when-a-sanctuary-is-no-longer-a-sanctuary/\">this blog post\u003c/a>. And engine noise travels far underwater, which can interfere with whale communication. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/wildlife/marine/sonar.asp\">Sonar’s effects on marine mammals\u003c/a> can be even worse. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on gray whales, check out this Jean-Michel Cousteau Ocean Adventures \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMFznXz-Uh4\">video\u003c/a>. And find out where you can see gray whales yourself, with this list of \u003ca href=\"http://baynature.org/articles/web-only-articles/whale-resources/\">gray whale resources\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"http://baynature.org/\">Bay Nature\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.879329 -122.2463347\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/11795/gray-whale-season","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_1255","quest_1743","quest_1818","quest_1819","quest_1820","quest_2007","quest_2726","quest_3142"],"featImg":"quest_11799","label":"quest"},"quest_10441":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_10441","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"10441","score":null,"sort":[1289935512000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"migrating-monarch-butterflies-hunker-down-in-monterey","title":"Migrating Monarch Butterflies Hunker Down in Monterey","publishDate":1289935512,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/Monarch-Cropped1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Monarch butterfly. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/alanvernon/\">Alan Vernon\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Have you seen National Geographic’s \u003cem>Great Migration\u003c/em> series on TV? I’ve been amazed by those animals’ innate ability to navigate across huge distances. But great migrations aren’t just the stuff of African plains and the open ocean. There are amazing organisms migrating through the Bay Area right now! As you read this, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_%28butterfly%29\">monarch butterflies\u003c/a> are arriving at their winter homes in Santa Cruz and Pacific Grove.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beautiful black and orange monarchs spend their summers dispersed across North America. At the end of the summer, they embark on a journey of over 2000 miles from their summer homes to their winter havens. Monarchs that live west of the Rockies come to the Monterey Pine and Eucalyptus groves along the California coast, and monarchs east of the Rockies overwinter in forests in the mountains west of Mexico City. These individuals are long-lived, with a lifespan of about 7 months. They fly south and then hunker down, hanging from trees in clusters and basically sleeping. With spring's longer days, the butterflies awaken and fly back north. However, the return trip is not made by the same butterflies that flew south in the fall; instead, the trip is made in stages by their children and grandchildren. Their great (or great-great) grandchildren head south again at the close of summer, never having made that trip before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs make this long journey by using the sun as a compass. But the position of the sun changes each day, so the monarchs use a circadian (24-hour) clock to compensate for the daily change in the sun’s position. Scientists used to think monarchs’ circadian compass was in their brain—now we know that the compass is in their antennae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see the overwintering monarchs yourself: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/\">The Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a> offers daily tours of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pg.ca.us/monarchs/default.htm\">Monarch Grove Sanctuary\u003c/a>, just a few miles from Monterey. The museum hosts a special event, Monarch Magic Science Saturday, on November 27. It includes a lecture series about monarchs, butterfly arts and crafts, and a plant sale—you can purchase nectar plants, which provide food for adult monarch butterflies, and milkweed plants, which provide food for the monarch caterpillars. Put these plants in your garden, and maybe you can convince some migrating monarchs to take a detour through your backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarch butterflies aren’t the only animals that migrate through the Bay Area: check out \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-great-migration\">The Great Migration\u003c/a>, a QUEST TV story about birds traveling along the Pacific Flyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 36.625317 -121.930636\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As you read this, monarch butterflies are arriving at their winter homes in Santa Cruz and Pacific Grove.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1528241780,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":437},"headData":{"title":"Migrating Monarch Butterflies Hunker Down in Monterey | KQED","description":"As you read this, monarch butterflies are arriving at their winter homes in Santa Cruz and Pacific Grove.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"10441 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=10441","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/11/16/migrating-monarch-butterflies-hunker-down-in-monterey/","disqusTitle":"Migrating Monarch Butterflies Hunker Down in Monterey","path":"/quest/10441/migrating-monarch-butterflies-hunker-down-in-monterey","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/Monarch-Cropped1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Monarch butterfly. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/alanvernon/\">Alan Vernon\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Have you seen National Geographic’s \u003cem>Great Migration\u003c/em> series on TV? I’ve been amazed by those animals’ innate ability to navigate across huge distances. But great migrations aren’t just the stuff of African plains and the open ocean. There are amazing organisms migrating through the Bay Area right now! As you read this, \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch_%28butterfly%29\">monarch butterflies\u003c/a> are arriving at their winter homes in Santa Cruz and Pacific Grove.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beautiful black and orange monarchs spend their summers dispersed across North America. At the end of the summer, they embark on a journey of over 2000 miles from their summer homes to their winter havens. Monarchs that live west of the Rockies come to the Monterey Pine and Eucalyptus groves along the California coast, and monarchs east of the Rockies overwinter in forests in the mountains west of Mexico City. These individuals are long-lived, with a lifespan of about 7 months. They fly south and then hunker down, hanging from trees in clusters and basically sleeping. With spring's longer days, the butterflies awaken and fly back north. However, the return trip is not made by the same butterflies that flew south in the fall; instead, the trip is made in stages by their children and grandchildren. Their great (or great-great) grandchildren head south again at the close of summer, never having made that trip before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarchs make this long journey by using the sun as a compass. But the position of the sun changes each day, so the monarchs use a circadian (24-hour) clock to compensate for the daily change in the sun’s position. Scientists used to think monarchs’ circadian compass was in their brain—now we know that the compass is in their antennae.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see the overwintering monarchs yourself: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/\">The Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a> offers daily tours of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.pg.ca.us/monarchs/default.htm\">Monarch Grove Sanctuary\u003c/a>, just a few miles from Monterey. The museum hosts a special event, Monarch Magic Science Saturday, on November 27. It includes a lecture series about monarchs, butterfly arts and crafts, and a plant sale—you can purchase nectar plants, which provide food for adult monarch butterflies, and milkweed plants, which provide food for the monarch caterpillars. Put these plants in your garden, and maybe you can convince some migrating monarchs to take a detour through your backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monarch butterflies aren’t the only animals that migrate through the Bay Area: check out \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/the-great-migration\">The Great Migration\u003c/a>, a QUEST TV story about birds traveling along the Pacific Flyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 36.625317 -121.930636\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/10441/migrating-monarch-butterflies-hunker-down-in-monterey","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_417","quest_603","quest_1025","quest_1819","quest_1855","quest_1864","quest_1869"],"featImg":"quest_10446","label":"quest"},"quest_5815":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_5815","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"5815","score":null,"sort":[1272983059000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"producers-notes-the-great-migration","title":"Producer's Notes: The Great Migration","publishDate":1272983059,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>When people think of bird migration, most naturally think of water fowl. Ducks and geese seem to get a lot of attention in that regard. But many other species of birds migrate, from hummingbirds to bald eagles, ranging near and far to take advantage of better conditions for feeding and nesting. I always remember the swallows returning to Capistrano, mainly because I think of Bugs Bunny singing about it. According to tradition, each year the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjuancapistrano.net/swallows/\">little birds return religiously to Mission San Juan Capistrano on St. Joseph's Day\u003c/a>, March 19th, seen by some to be a miracle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today we are discovering a lot more about the miracle of bird migration. And there is a lot to be learned and benefited by studying these birds. Using satellite, radio and acoustic tags, scientists are learning about the environmental triggers for the birds’ migration, and how they navigate. They’ve revealed some birds follow the sun and the stars; others rely on geography or internal magnetic compasses, while still others use multiple means of navigation. Some birds fly thousands of miles non-stop while others fly short distances, and with multiple rest periods. This is important information for conservationists, allowing them to map out the optimum areas for protection in order to provide needed habitat for migrating birds. In addition, through these careful studies, we are also learning how global climate change can and will effect bird migration. And, in turn, we are also learning how the world’s climate is changing. These studies may even have great health benefits, as scientists from USGS follow tagged birds’ movements on the flyways and learn more about the spread of avian flu throughout the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds are beautiful. They are beloved and cherished by many as symbols of the natural world. And because they travel the globe, they give us great insight into the big picture… if we choose to pay attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the California coast, according to local lore, when the swallows returned to Capistrano, the flocks were so large they looked like rain clouds. Unfortunately, last year, only a few birds returned to the mission. Disappointed locals say it has been years since the swallows returned in great numbers. But there’s always hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I believe Mother Nature will respond if we give her a helping hand. So for now I’ll listen to Bugs crooning in my head:“All the mission bells will ring, The chapel choir will sing, The happiness you'll bring will live in my memory. When the swallows come back to Capistrano, that's the day I pray that you'll come back to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When people think of bird migration, most naturally think of water fowl. Ducks and geese seem to get a lot of attention in that regard.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457713265,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":449},"headData":{"title":"Producer's Notes: The Great Migration | KQED","description":"When people think of bird migration, most naturally think of water fowl. Ducks and geese seem to get a lot of attention in that regard.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"5815 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/2010/05/04/producers-notes-the-great-migration/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/05/04/producers-notes-the-great-migration/","disqusTitle":"Producer's Notes: The Great Migration","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WhwBDjfWr_M","path":"/quest/5815/producers-notes-the-great-migration","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When people think of bird migration, most naturally think of water fowl. Ducks and geese seem to get a lot of attention in that regard. But many other species of birds migrate, from hummingbirds to bald eagles, ranging near and far to take advantage of better conditions for feeding and nesting. I always remember the swallows returning to Capistrano, mainly because I think of Bugs Bunny singing about it. According to tradition, each year the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjuancapistrano.net/swallows/\">little birds return religiously to Mission San Juan Capistrano on St. Joseph's Day\u003c/a>, March 19th, seen by some to be a miracle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today we are discovering a lot more about the miracle of bird migration. And there is a lot to be learned and benefited by studying these birds. Using satellite, radio and acoustic tags, scientists are learning about the environmental triggers for the birds’ migration, and how they navigate. They’ve revealed some birds follow the sun and the stars; others rely on geography or internal magnetic compasses, while still others use multiple means of navigation. Some birds fly thousands of miles non-stop while others fly short distances, and with multiple rest periods. This is important information for conservationists, allowing them to map out the optimum areas for protection in order to provide needed habitat for migrating birds. In addition, through these careful studies, we are also learning how global climate change can and will effect bird migration. And, in turn, we are also learning how the world’s climate is changing. These studies may even have great health benefits, as scientists from USGS follow tagged birds’ movements on the flyways and learn more about the spread of avian flu throughout the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Birds are beautiful. They are beloved and cherished by many as symbols of the natural world. And because they travel the globe, they give us great insight into the big picture… if we choose to pay attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along the California coast, according to local lore, when the swallows returned to Capistrano, the flocks were so large they looked like rain clouds. Unfortunately, last year, only a few birds returned to the mission. Disappointed locals say it has been years since the swallows returned in great numbers. But there’s always hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I believe Mother Nature will respond if we give her a helping hand. So for now I’ll listen to Bugs crooning in my head:“All the mission bells will ring, The chapel choir will sing, The happiness you'll bring will live in my memory. When the swallows come back to Capistrano, that's the day I pray that you'll come back to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/5815/producers-notes-the-great-migration","authors":["10169"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_6","quest_9","quest_3422","quest_3233"],"tags":["quest_326","quest_1686","quest_1819","quest_2102","quest_2499","quest_2512","quest_2893"],"label":"quest"},"quest_3597":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3597","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3597","score":null,"sort":[1252608196000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-event-pick-golden-gate-raptor-observatory%e2%80%99s-25th-anniversary","title":"Science Event Pick: Golden Gate Raptor Observatory’s 25th Anniversary","publishDate":1252608196,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/09/raptor.jpg\">\u003cem>Every fall, 30,000 raptors and hawks migrate across the Bay Area in a fantastic display.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Every fall, 30,000 raptors and hawks migrate across the Bay Area in a fantastic display. Most stop for a quick snack in the Marin Headlands before moving on to their winter homes. Bay Area scientists and volunteers have been using the opportunity to conduct counts, as raptors have long been seen as indicators for ecosystem health. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/\">Golden Gate Raptor Observatory\u003c/a>, now a program of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/\">Golden Gate Parks Conservancy\u003c/a>, was set up 25 years ago as the first bird monitoring system in California. Anyone that visits \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/about/visit-hawk-hill.html\">“Hawk Hill”\u003c/a> during this time can attest to mass migration; Upwards of 1000 birds are seen per day during the peak. To my amazement, the observatory is almost fully run by \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggro.org/vols.html\">volunteers\u003c/a>; there are only 3 full time employees compared to over 300 volunteers. Clearly, this is one of the most successful \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/02/13/the-joys-of-citizen-science/\">citizen science\u003c/a> projects in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In celebration of the 25\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> anniversary, there are a number of interactive events and talks scheduled over the next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/calendar/hawk-talk-and-banding-2.html\">Hawk Talk and Banding Demo\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/about/visit-hawk-hill.html\">Hawk Hill\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Sat 9/12, Sun 9/13, Sat 9/19, Sun 9/20, Sat 9/26 12 Noon – 2 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: Free\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Details\u003c/em>: At these Hawk Talks, a GGRO volunteer gives an hour-long talk about hawk monitoring, migration, and identification using photos and other props. Then at 1 PM a newly banded wild hawk is shown to the crowd, a volunteer talks about GGRO's banding program, and the hawk is released.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/\">GGRO Open House and Raptor Fest!\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/focr.htm\">Ft Cronkhite at Rodeo Beach\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: October 24\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> and 25\u003csup>th\u003c/sup>, 10 AM-4 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: Free\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Details\u003c/em>: Scientific Displays, Radiotelemetry Demonstrations, Live Non-releasable Raptors, Kid Crafts, GGRO 25th Anniversary Product Sales, Visits to Hawk Hill, Banding Demonstrations, and Raptor Art. On Sunday only - Speakers from UC Davis, SF State University, UC Berkeley presenting results of their research with GGRO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Celebrate Raptors—A Series of Raptor Biology Talks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfzoo.org/registration/calendardetail.asp?ActivityKey=644776\">Satellite-Tracking Peregrines throughout the Americas\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfzoo.org/\">San Francisco Zoo\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Thursday, September 10\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> 7-9 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: $3-$5 suggested donation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Falconiformes Discovery: Field, Lab, and Conservation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/events/nightlife/\">California Academy of Science’s Nightlife\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Thursday, October 15\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> 7-9 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: $12\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eagle Quest: To See All the World’s Eagles\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.cavallopoint.com/\">Mission Blue Chapel, Cavallo Point\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Wednesday, November 18\u003csup>h\u003c/sup> 7-9 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: $3-$5 suggested donation\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8254839 -122.4994171\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In celebration of the 25\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> anniversary, there are a veritable flock of interactive events and talks scheduled over the next month.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1252608196,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":423},"headData":{"title":"Science Event Pick: Golden Gate Raptor Observatory’s 25th Anniversary | KQED","description":"In celebration of the 25th anniversary, there are a veritable flock of interactive events and talks scheduled over the next month.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"3597 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3597","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/09/10/science-event-pick-golden-gate-raptor-observatory%e2%80%99s-25th-anniversary/","disqusTitle":"Science Event Pick: Golden Gate Raptor Observatory’s 25th Anniversary","path":"/quest/3597/science-event-pick-golden-gate-raptor-observatory%e2%80%99s-25th-anniversary","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/09/raptor.jpg\">\u003cem>Every fall, 30,000 raptors and hawks migrate across the Bay Area in a fantastic display.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Every fall, 30,000 raptors and hawks migrate across the Bay Area in a fantastic display. Most stop for a quick snack in the Marin Headlands before moving on to their winter homes. Bay Area scientists and volunteers have been using the opportunity to conduct counts, as raptors have long been seen as indicators for ecosystem health. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/\">Golden Gate Raptor Observatory\u003c/a>, now a program of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/\">Golden Gate Parks Conservancy\u003c/a>, was set up 25 years ago as the first bird monitoring system in California. Anyone that visits \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/about/visit-hawk-hill.html\">“Hawk Hill”\u003c/a> during this time can attest to mass migration; Upwards of 1000 birds are seen per day during the peak. To my amazement, the observatory is almost fully run by \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggro.org/vols.html\">volunteers\u003c/a>; there are only 3 full time employees compared to over 300 volunteers. Clearly, this is one of the most successful \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/02/13/the-joys-of-citizen-science/\">citizen science\u003c/a> projects in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In celebration of the 25\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> anniversary, there are a number of interactive events and talks scheduled over the next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/calendar/hawk-talk-and-banding-2.html\">Hawk Talk and Banding Demo\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/about/visit-hawk-hill.html\">Hawk Hill\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: Sat 9/12, Sun 9/13, Sat 9/19, Sun 9/20, Sat 9/26 12 Noon – 2 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: Free\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Details\u003c/em>: At these Hawk Talks, a GGRO volunteer gives an hour-long talk about hawk monitoring, migration, and identification using photos and other props. Then at 1 PM a newly banded wild hawk is shown to the crowd, a volunteer talks about GGRO's banding program, and the hawk is released.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/our-work/ggro/\">GGRO Open House and Raptor Fest!\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Where\u003c/em>: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/focr.htm\">Ft Cronkhite at Rodeo Beach\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>When\u003c/em>: October 24\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> and 25\u003csup>th\u003c/sup>, 10 AM-4 PM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cost\u003c/em>: Free\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Details\u003c/em>: Scientific Displays, Radiotelemetry Demonstrations, Live Non-releasable Raptors, Kid Crafts, GGRO 25th Anniversary Product Sales, Visits to Hawk Hill, Banding Demonstrations, and Raptor Art. 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According to a new study, two-thirds of California's unique plants, some 2,300 species that grow nowhere else in the world, could be wiped out across much of their current geographic ranges by the end of the century because of rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Scientists say the state's plants are at risk of collapse unless they migrate or are moved to refuges. According to a new study, two-thirds of California's unique plants, some 2,300 species that grow nowhere else in the world, could be wiped out across much of their current geographic ranges by the end of the century because of rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1337723280,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":73},"headData":{"title":"Disappearing Plants | KQED","description":"Scientists say the state's plants are at risk of collapse unless they migrate or are moved to refuges. According to a new study, two-thirds of California's unique plants, some 2,300 species that grow nowhere else in the world, could be wiped out across much of their current geographic ranges by the end of the century because of rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"20406 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/disappearing-plants/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/07/28/disappearing-plants/","disqusTitle":"Disappearing Plants","path":"/quest/20406/disappearing-plants","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"radio2-41_plants\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say the state's plants are at risk of collapse unless they migrate or are moved to refuges. According to a new study, two-thirds of California's unique plants, some 2,300 species that grow nowhere else in the world, could be wiped out across much of their current geographic ranges by the end of the century because of rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/20406/disappearing-plants","authors":["8656"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_6","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_621","quest_1224","quest_11142","quest_3351","quest_1819","quest_2220","quest_2349","quest_13202"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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