All My Children: Making and Donating a Rock Collection
Side Trips from Interstate 5: Stony Creek Valley
California's (and the World's) Oldest Rocks
Geological Outings Around the Bay: Ring Mountain
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Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few months ago, I accepted an assignment to gather a set of California rocks for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/index.htm\">Chabot Space & Science Center\u003c/a> in Oakland. I thought I could putter around the local hills and have it done in a few afternoons. Didn't turn out that way. Finding good teaching specimens is an exacting project. Now that I'm done, it's a little hard to let them go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was given a list of 15 rock types—five each of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks—but some of them were clearly nonstarters. For instance, coal was on the list, but \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/\">California's coal\u003c/a> is too soft for presentation, and besides it's off limits in park lands. I made some substitutes and then set forth to find the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Igneous rocks: basalt, granite, obsidian, pumice, scoria\u003cbr>\nSedimentary rocks: breccia, chert, conglomerate, sandstone, shale\u003cbr>\nMetamorphic rocks: gneiss, marble, schist, serpentine, slate\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost everything was available in loose material by the side of the road. Indeed, picking up roadside rubble is doing the public a favor. Conglomerate and sandstone were available within the Oakland city limits; in fact Chabot authorized me to collect from its own property, but the sandstone there is too soft. Chert came from my own Oakland yard, the same red Franciscan chert \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">that makes up the Marin Headlands\u003c/a>. I was using it in the landscaping, but giving up a few choice pieces was all for a good cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionchert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40501\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionchert\" width=\"600\" height=\"444\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert-400x296.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other rocks, I knew where to get them; it was just a matter of scheduling a trip. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/02/geological-outings-around-the-bay-napa-glass-mountain/\">Obsidian came from the Napa Valley\u003c/a>, shale from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/26/geological-outings-around-the-bay-mount-vaca-and-the-monticello-dam/\">the Great Valley Sequence north of Fairfield\u003c/a>, schist from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/\">Franciscan Complex in Glenn County\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A teaching specimen needs to be clean and sound, naturally. It needs to be the right size. More difficult is that it has to be \u003ci>typical\u003c/i>, showing what the textbooks describe and nothing more. Once I found the right spot, it took a lot of pawing, picking and pondering to assemble a satisfactory group, like this basalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionbasalts/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40500\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionbasalts\" width=\"600\" height=\"456\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts-400x304.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toward the end, I had to go pretty far afield. Take the metamorphic set, shown below. The schist (upper left) I already mentioned. Going clockwise, the slate came from near Copperopolis, the marble from near Columbia, the gneiss from near Murphys, and the serpentine from near Clear Lake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionmets/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40502\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionmets\" width=\"600\" height=\"442\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left two igneous rocks: scoria and pumice. I could have made an overnight visit to the volcanic districts of northeastern California or the trans-Sierra, but I elected instead to check out the local landscape suppliers. I finally found what I wanted at Morgan's Masonry Supply, in San Ramon: fist-size lava rock (scoria) and a boulder of pumice. From that boulder I carved five hand samples like this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionpumice/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40503\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionpumice\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40503\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now I have added respect for the people who make and market those \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rockcollecting/bb/rockcollections.htm\">boxed rock collections\u003c/a>. They have to keep truckloads of rock types on hand, most of them imported from somewhere else, then pick through the chips and waste to get what they need. On the other hand, they don't know the pride I take in delivering this custom collection to my local science educators. And I can visit my rocks any time to see how they're doing.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A set of rock specimens, collected for teaching kids, has become a group of friends. Is this normal?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1341512410,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":571},"headData":{"title":"All My Children: Making and Donating a Rock Collection | KQED","description":"A set of rock specimens, collected for teaching kids, has become a group of friends. Is this normal?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"40496 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=40496","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/","disqusTitle":"All My Children: Making and Donating a Rock Collection","path":"/quest/40496/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_40499\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionslate/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40499\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionslate-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionslate\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-40499\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The search for a good specimen of slate took me across the Central Valley, but once there it was a moment's work. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few months ago, I accepted an assignment to gather a set of California rocks for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chabotspace.org/index.htm\">Chabot Space & Science Center\u003c/a> in Oakland. I thought I could putter around the local hills and have it done in a few afternoons. Didn't turn out that way. Finding good teaching specimens is an exacting project. Now that I'm done, it's a little hard to let them go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was given a list of 15 rock types—five each of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks—but some of them were clearly nonstarters. For instance, coal was on the list, but \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/17/black-diamond-reopens-visitor-center/\">California's coal\u003c/a> is too soft for presentation, and besides it's off limits in park lands. I made some substitutes and then set forth to find the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Igneous rocks: basalt, granite, obsidian, pumice, scoria\u003cbr>\nSedimentary rocks: breccia, chert, conglomerate, sandstone, shale\u003cbr>\nMetamorphic rocks: gneiss, marble, schist, serpentine, slate\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost everything was available in loose material by the side of the road. Indeed, picking up roadside rubble is doing the public a favor. Conglomerate and sandstone were available within the Oakland city limits; in fact Chabot authorized me to collect from its own property, but the sandstone there is too soft. Chert came from my own Oakland yard, the same red Franciscan chert \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">that makes up the Marin Headlands\u003c/a>. I was using it in the landscaping, but giving up a few choice pieces was all for a good cause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionchert/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40501\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionchert\" width=\"600\" height=\"444\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40501\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionchert-400x296.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With other rocks, I knew where to get them; it was just a matter of scheduling a trip. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/02/02/geological-outings-around-the-bay-napa-glass-mountain/\">Obsidian came from the Napa Valley\u003c/a>, shale from \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/26/geological-outings-around-the-bay-mount-vaca-and-the-monticello-dam/\">the Great Valley Sequence north of Fairfield\u003c/a>, schist from the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/\">Franciscan Complex in Glenn County\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A teaching specimen needs to be clean and sound, naturally. It needs to be the right size. More difficult is that it has to be \u003ci>typical\u003c/i>, showing what the textbooks describe and nothing more. Once I found the right spot, it took a lot of pawing, picking and pondering to assemble a satisfactory group, like this basalt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionbasalts/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40500\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionbasalts\" width=\"600\" height=\"456\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40500\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionbasalts-400x304.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toward the end, I had to go pretty far afield. Take the metamorphic set, shown below. The schist (upper left) I already mentioned. Going clockwise, the slate came from near Copperopolis, the marble from near Columbia, the gneiss from near Murphys, and the serpentine from near Clear Lake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionmets/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40502\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionmets\" width=\"600\" height=\"442\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40502\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionmets-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left two igneous rocks: scoria and pumice. I could have made an overnight visit to the volcanic districts of northeastern California or the trans-Sierra, but I elected instead to check out the local landscape suppliers. I finally found what I wanted at Morgan's Masonry Supply, in San Ramon: fist-size lava rock (scoria) and a boulder of pumice. From that boulder I carved five hand samples like this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/07/05/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection/rockcollectionpumice/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40503\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockcollectionpumice\" width=\"600\" height=\"461\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40503\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/07/rockcollectionpumice-400x307.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now I have added respect for the people who make and market those \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rockcollecting/bb/rockcollections.htm\">boxed rock collections\u003c/a>. They have to keep truckloads of rock types on hand, most of them imported from somewhere else, then pick through the chips and waste to get what they need. On the other hand, they don't know the pride I take in delivering this custom collection to my local science educators. And I can visit my rocks any time to see how they're doing.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/40496/all-my-children-making-and-donating-a-rock-collection","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_13210","quest_11265","quest_3653","quest_2024","quest_13202","quest_10631","quest_11266"],"featImg":"quest_40499","label":"quest"},"quest_40264":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_40264","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"40264","score":null,"sort":[1340910402000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley","title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Stony Creek Valley","publishDate":1340910402,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Anyone looking at the Sacramento Valley in a satellite view surely wonders about the eastern edge of the Coast Range, a belt of striking corrugated terrain running up the west side from the Bay Area almost all the way to Redding. I'm here to tell you that it's extremely picturesque country. Geologically, it consists of the thick, tilted-up Great Valley Sequence of sedimentary rocks and the older, underlying Franciscan Complex metamorphic rocks farther west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you go north on I-5 you pass four towns that I think of as the four W's: Winters, Woodland, Williams and Willows. Today's sample of this district is a loop into the corrugated country starting at Willows and ending back at I-5 in Orland or Corning; take your choice. Here's the route (created on \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmap-pedometer.com/\">gmap-pedometer.com\u003c/a>):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycrvlymaptopo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40265\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40265\" title=\"stonycrvlymaptopo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"496\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo.png 496w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo-400x339.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the geology en route (created from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/GMC/stategeologicmap.html\">interactive state geologic map\u003c/a>):\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_40276\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycrvlymapgeo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40276\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-40276\" title=\"stonycrvlymapgeo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo.png 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo-400x336.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A belt of serpentinite (purple) separates Franciscan metamorphic rocks on the west from Great Valley Sequence sedimentary rocks on the east (J, Jurassic; Kl and Ku, lower and upper Cretaceous). Overlain on these are Tertiary volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks (Tvp and Tv) and younger outwash deposits (QPc). Pink lines mark structures: anticlines and synclines.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State route 162 leads west from Willows into the series of ridges formed by the uptilted Great Valley Sequence rocks. These are the same formations, of the same age, that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/26/geological-outings-around-the-bay-mount-vaca-and-the-monticello-dam/\">I showed you north of Fairfield\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_40266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40266\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-40266\" title=\"stonycreekvalley1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">All photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond a series of these ridges is a long valley underlain by fine-grained Jurassic rocks, the oldest part of the Great Valley Sequence. The valley is punctuated by \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/erosional/hogback.htm\">hogback ridges\u003c/a> that affect the course of the roads. Parts of the valley have been turned into reservoirs, like Stony Gorge Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley02/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40267\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40267\" title=\"stonycreekvalley02\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new reservoir is planned south of here around the settlement of Sites that will be used to regulate streamflow in the northern Sacramento Valley and allow older structures to be modified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually route 162 crosses Stony Creek, where the Great Valley Sequence rocks are spectacularly exposed in a washboard streambed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley03/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40268\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40268\" title=\"stonycreekvalley03\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03-400x313.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn north here on 162 and follow the river, taking note of the different levels of stream terraces built when Stony Creek had not eroded as far down as it has today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley04/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40269\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40269\" title=\"stonycreekvalley04\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04-400x261.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When 162 turns west again, continue north on county road 306. (At the moment, the route on 162 through the Coast Range to Covelo is closed.) In late April when I visited, the countryside was a picture-postcard experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley05/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40270\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40270\" title=\"stonycreekvalley05\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05-400x294.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you like, take 162 a ways into the Franciscan country, or for a more intimate experience take county road 313 west instead, a well-graded dirt road just three miles to the north. (That's the spur shown on the route map.) In clear weather, vistas spread out as you rise. Here's the view south down the valley of Stony Creek:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley06/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40271\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40271\" title=\"stonycreekvalley06\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06-400x311.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the view northeast toward the Great Valley over the sawtooth ridges of Great Valley Sequence rocks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley07/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40272\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40272\" title=\"stonycreekvalley07\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07-400x289.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahead is the rugged topography held up by the Franciscan Complex. Note how the vegetation has changed as well as the bones of the land. The highest peak is Red Mountain. The contact between these two highly contrasting geologic provinces is the Coast Range thrust, which has tilted up the rocks on the east side like a pet pushing under a bedsheet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley08/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40273\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40273\" title=\"stonycreekvalley08\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch the roadcuts, too, for exposures of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/08/05/learn-the-facts-about-serpentinite-before-its-removed-as-californias-state-rock/\">serpentinite\u003c/a>, or \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicschist.htm\">schist\u003c/a> like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley09/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40274\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40274\" title=\"stonycreekvalley09\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09-400x332.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step out and collect a specimen or two if you like; this is public land. Chrome ore was mined around here, in and around the serpentinite belt. The tiny settlement of Chrome marks the site of one former mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Road 306 butts into Newville Road, and that's where you turn back toward the freeway. But there's one more attraction as you go forward through geologic time into the Sacramento Valley: the unexpected Black Butte. This is a segment of a huge lava flow, the \u003ca href=\"http://myweb.csuchico.edu/~rteasdale/Lovejoy.html\">Lovejoy Basalt\u003c/a>, that once crossed the Valley from a source in the northern Sierra Nevada, reaching from here south to Vacaville. Black Butte was raised by a fault, sparing it from erosional destruction. The lake around it is artificial, and the whole is a splendid park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley10/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40275\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40275\" title=\"stonycreekvalley10\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get to Corning requires a short backtrack to Black Butte Road, which crosses orchard lands and offers low-key views (which I believe will show Mount Shasta on clear days). You may also take a shorter side trip starting in Orland that visits Black Butte alone. But once you get behind the curtain of those serrated Great Valley Sequence hills, you'll never look at this stretch of I-5 the same way again.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Visit some classic rocks in the little-trafficked country lying just over the hills of the western Sacramento Valley.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1341603816,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":787},"headData":{"title":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Stony Creek Valley | KQED","description":"Visit some classic rocks in the little-trafficked country lying just over the hills of the western Sacramento Valley.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"40264 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=40264","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/","disqusTitle":"Side Trips from Interstate 5: Stony Creek Valley","path":"/quest/40264/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Anyone looking at the Sacramento Valley in a satellite view surely wonders about the eastern edge of the Coast Range, a belt of striking corrugated terrain running up the west side from the Bay Area almost all the way to Redding. I'm here to tell you that it's extremely picturesque country. Geologically, it consists of the thick, tilted-up Great Valley Sequence of sedimentary rocks and the older, underlying Franciscan Complex metamorphic rocks farther west.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As you go north on I-5 you pass four towns that I think of as the four W's: Winters, Woodland, Williams and Willows. Today's sample of this district is a loop into the corrugated country starting at Willows and ending back at I-5 in Orland or Corning; take your choice. Here's the route (created on \u003ca href=\"http://www.gmap-pedometer.com/\">gmap-pedometer.com\u003c/a>):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycrvlymaptopo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40265\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40265\" title=\"stonycrvlymaptopo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"496\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo.png 496w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymaptopo-400x339.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 496px) 100vw, 496px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the geology en route (created from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/GMC/stategeologicmap.html\">interactive state geologic map\u003c/a>):\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_40276\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycrvlymapgeo/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40276\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-40276\" title=\"stonycrvlymapgeo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo.png 500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycrvlymapgeo-400x336.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A belt of serpentinite (purple) separates Franciscan metamorphic rocks on the west from Great Valley Sequence sedimentary rocks on the east (J, Jurassic; Kl and Ku, lower and upper Cretaceous). Overlain on these are Tertiary volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks (Tvp and Tv) and younger outwash deposits (QPc). Pink lines mark structures: anticlines and synclines.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State route 162 leads west from Willows into the series of ridges formed by the uptilted Great Valley Sequence rocks. These are the same formations, of the same age, that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/26/geological-outings-around-the-bay-mount-vaca-and-the-monticello-dam/\">I showed you north of Fairfield\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_40266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40266\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-40266\" title=\"stonycreekvalley1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">All photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Beyond a series of these ridges is a long valley underlain by fine-grained Jurassic rocks, the oldest part of the Great Valley Sequence. The valley is punctuated by \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/structureslandforms/ig/erosional/hogback.htm\">hogback ridges\u003c/a> that affect the course of the roads. Parts of the valley have been turned into reservoirs, like Stony Gorge Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley02/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40267\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40267\" title=\"stonycreekvalley02\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley02-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new reservoir is planned south of here around the settlement of Sites that will be used to regulate streamflow in the northern Sacramento Valley and allow older structures to be modified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually route 162 crosses Stony Creek, where the Great Valley Sequence rocks are spectacularly exposed in a washboard streambed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley03/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40268\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40268\" title=\"stonycreekvalley03\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley03-400x313.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn north here on 162 and follow the river, taking note of the different levels of stream terraces built when Stony Creek had not eroded as far down as it has today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley04/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40269\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40269\" title=\"stonycreekvalley04\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley04-400x261.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When 162 turns west again, continue north on county road 306. (At the moment, the route on 162 through the Coast Range to Covelo is closed.) In late April when I visited, the countryside was a picture-postcard experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley05/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40270\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40270\" title=\"stonycreekvalley05\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley05-400x294.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you like, take 162 a ways into the Franciscan country, or for a more intimate experience take county road 313 west instead, a well-graded dirt road just three miles to the north. (That's the spur shown on the route map.) In clear weather, vistas spread out as you rise. Here's the view south down the valley of Stony Creek:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley06/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40271\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40271\" title=\"stonycreekvalley06\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley06-400x311.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here's the view northeast toward the Great Valley over the sawtooth ridges of Great Valley Sequence rocks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley07/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40272\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40272\" title=\"stonycreekvalley07\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley07-400x289.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahead is the rugged topography held up by the Franciscan Complex. Note how the vegetation has changed as well as the bones of the land. The highest peak is Red Mountain. The contact between these two highly contrasting geologic provinces is the Coast Range thrust, which has tilted up the rocks on the east side like a pet pushing under a bedsheet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley08/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40273\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40273\" title=\"stonycreekvalley08\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley08-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watch the roadcuts, too, for exposures of \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/08/05/learn-the-facts-about-serpentinite-before-its-removed-as-californias-state-rock/\">serpentinite\u003c/a>, or \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/rocks/ig/metrockindex/rocpicschist.htm\">schist\u003c/a> like this:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley09/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40274\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40274\" title=\"stonycreekvalley09\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley09-400x332.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Step out and collect a specimen or two if you like; this is public land. Chrome ore was mined around here, in and around the serpentinite belt. The tiny settlement of Chrome marks the site of one former mine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Road 306 butts into Newville Road, and that's where you turn back toward the freeway. But there's one more attraction as you go forward through geologic time into the Sacramento Valley: the unexpected Black Butte. This is a segment of a huge lava flow, the \u003ca href=\"http://myweb.csuchico.edu/~rteasdale/Lovejoy.html\">Lovejoy Basalt\u003c/a>, that once crossed the Valley from a source in the northern Sierra Nevada, reaching from here south to Vacaville. Black Butte was raised by a fault, sparing it from erosional destruction. The lake around it is artificial, and the whole is a splendid park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/06/28/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley/stonycreekvalley10/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-40275\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-40275\" title=\"stonycreekvalley10\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/06/stonycreekvalley10-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get to Corning requires a short backtrack to Black Butte Road, which crosses orchard lands and offers low-key views (which I believe will show Mount Shasta on clear days). You may also take a shorter side trip starting in Orland that visits Black Butte alone. But once you get behind the curtain of those serrated Great Valley Sequence hills, you'll never look at this stretch of I-5 the same way again.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/40264/side-trips-from-interstate-5-stony-creek-valley","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_11"],"tags":["quest_3580","quest_13200","quest_10648","quest_10760","quest_3653","quest_13202","quest_11247"],"featImg":"quest_40266","label":"quest"},"quest_33947":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_33947","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"33947","score":null,"sort":[1333033205000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks","title":"California's (and the World's) Oldest Rocks","publishDate":1333033205,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/precgneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33953\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"preCgneiss\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33953\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The nearest place to see California's oldest rock is around Mount Pinos, near Frazier Park west of the Grapevine on I-5. But you can touch a piece of the oldest rock on the whole planet much closer to the Bay Area. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I'm glad to see that Ben Burress, my colleague at KQED QUEST, was open to the thrill of deep time as \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/23/in-search-of-the-oldest-stuff/\">he laid hands on some of California's oldest rock\u003c/a> in Death Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I went to geology school, back in the ice ages, I brought with me the same normal, healthy fascination with extreme age—geological age. At that time there was still a great deal of mystery about the earliest times. To me, the most mysterious thing you could call a rock was \"Precambrian,\" that is, rock dating from the time before the earliest hard fossils appeared, marking the base of the Cambrian Period. Precambrian time amounts to four billion years, nine-tenths of all Earth history. Unlike familiar, fossil-studded post-Precambrian time (I know that's a weird term: geologists call it the Phanerozoic Eon), the Precambrian was an endless succession of enigmatic, mashed-up rocks. Their story wasn't really a story but a pile of hints and fragments—mountain ranges rising and eroding, continents merging and separating, just one damn thing after (or before?) another in the dimness of deep time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a better picture of the Precambrian now, but really, it's still pretty blurry. If you look at the \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geotime_dating/a/Geologic-Time-Scale-All-Periods.htm\">geologic time scale\u003c/a>, you'll see that the Precambrian time divisions are set at arbitrary even numbers of years, not significant geologic events. In California, our oldest rocks all originated around 1700 million years ago in the Paleoproterozoic Era, and they all sit in the corner of the state outlined on this geologic map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 459px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/precgeomap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33952\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/PreCgeomap-459x360.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"PreCgeomap\" width=\"459\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-33952\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Precambrian rocks are shown as scattered patches of dark brown on this high-level geologic map of California. Click it to see it at 1000 pixels.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outline marks a segment of the North American continent's ancient foundation—the craton—called Mojavia for the Mojave Desert. It's a pretty young part of the craton, and it's all we've got.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest basement rocks of Mojavia are all highly altered—squeezed and stretched rocks classified as gneiss or schist. And they're still on the move today as plate-tectonic interactions are both stretching western North America apart and, in California, yanking it northward along the San Andreas fault system. Just as Sierran granite (shown in red) has been pulled all the way up to the Bay Area, so has a big chunk of Mojavia making up the San Gabriel Mountains. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The westernmost outlier of those Paleoproterozoic rocks crops out in the San Emigdio Range, which forms the rim of the Central Valley southwest of Bakersfield. The quickest way to see them is to turn west off of Interstate 5 toward Frazier Park, then drive up either Frazier Mountain or Mount Pinos (Cerro Noroeste is also possible if you're ambitious). The gneiss shown at the top of this post is on Mount Pinos. It was turned into gneiss around 1450 million years ago, but the rock originated as something else, probably a sandy mudstone, around 1700 million years ago (source, USGS OF-02-406).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elsewhere in California, you can repeat Ben Burress's experience in Death Valley by walking up the canyon at Badwater, but a more interesting canyon hike with the same Paleoproterozoic rocks starts about 2 miles north of Badwater. And blogger Garry Hayes \u003ca href=\"http://geotripper.blogspot.com/2012/01/other-california-oldest-rocks-well.html\">describes more Paleoproterozoic rocks in the San Gabriels\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The really old rocks in America are found in Wyoming and the states around Minnesota. They date from the Paleoarchean Era and are more than 3 billion years old. One example can be easily seen in Washington, D.C., in a prominent spot between the White House and the Washington Monument: the twin \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_dc/ig/washdcgeology/wdchauptfount.htm\">Haupt Fountains\u003c/a>, each one made from a 55-ton slab of Montevideo Gneiss from Minnesota. At the time they were made, this was considered the oldest rock in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/hauptftn/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33950\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"hauptftn\" width=\"600\" height=\"429\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33950\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reddish, scrambled-looking Morton Gneiss is a popular stone for buildings and gravestones, and at 3524 million years of age it's considered to be the oldest bedrock in the United States. You could travel to Minnesota to see it (\u003ca href=\"http://www.geocaching.com/seek/cache_details.aspx?guid=ccd13c2e-afb5-4922-b058-622efcb413f1\">there's even an EarthCache for it\u003c/a> west of Minneapolis), but don't bother—you probably have samples right in your own town. David B. Williams, author of \u003ci>Stories in Stone\u003c/i>, calls it \u003ca href=\"http://stories-in-stone.blogspot.com/2009/06/most-beautiful-building-stone-in.html\">the country's most beautiful building stone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/mortongneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33951\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"mortongneiss\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33951\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you can go older still. There's a Canadian rock from a spot in Labrador called Nuvvuagituq said to be 4.28 billion years old, \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/b/2012/03/25/whats-up-with-nuvvuagittuq.htm\">but the date is still not settled\u003c/a>. Today the Acasta Gneiss, also from northern Canada, is the world's oldest firmly dated rock at 4.03 billion years. You can see that one at Rocklin, just up the road. Go to the campus of Sierra College, on the south side, and locate the excellent Earth History Rock Walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/rockwalk/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33948\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockwalk\" width=\"600\" height=\"472\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33948\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk-400x315.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, among the assorted amazing and instructive boulders, is a nice chunk of Acasta Gneiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/acastagneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33949\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"acastagneiss\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33949\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss-400x280.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whenever I want to experience the deepest possible deep time, I reach for a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/19/treasure-from-the-sky/\">meteorite\u003c/a> from my collection and lick it. Nearly every common meteorite is older than Earth itself.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California has some pretty ancient rocks, but to experience \u003ci>really\u003c/i> old rocks you don't need to look far.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1334274677,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":911},"headData":{"title":"California's (and the World's) Oldest Rocks | KQED","description":"California has some pretty ancient rocks, but to experience really old rocks you don't need to look far.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"33947 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=33947","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/","disqusTitle":"California's (and the World's) Oldest Rocks","path":"/quest/33947/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33953\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/precgneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33953\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"preCgneiss\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33953\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/preCgneiss-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The nearest place to see California's oldest rock is around Mount Pinos, near Frazier Park west of the Grapevine on I-5. But you can touch a piece of the oldest rock on the whole planet much closer to the Bay Area. Photos by Andrew Alden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I'm glad to see that Ben Burress, my colleague at KQED QUEST, was open to the thrill of deep time as \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/23/in-search-of-the-oldest-stuff/\">he laid hands on some of California's oldest rock\u003c/a> in Death Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I went to geology school, back in the ice ages, I brought with me the same normal, healthy fascination with extreme age—geological age. At that time there was still a great deal of mystery about the earliest times. To me, the most mysterious thing you could call a rock was \"Precambrian,\" that is, rock dating from the time before the earliest hard fossils appeared, marking the base of the Cambrian Period. Precambrian time amounts to four billion years, nine-tenths of all Earth history. Unlike familiar, fossil-studded post-Precambrian time (I know that's a weird term: geologists call it the Phanerozoic Eon), the Precambrian was an endless succession of enigmatic, mashed-up rocks. Their story wasn't really a story but a pile of hints and fragments—mountain ranges rising and eroding, continents merging and separating, just one damn thing after (or before?) another in the dimness of deep time. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a better picture of the Precambrian now, but really, it's still pretty blurry. If you look at the \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geotime_dating/a/Geologic-Time-Scale-All-Periods.htm\">geologic time scale\u003c/a>, you'll see that the Precambrian time divisions are set at arbitrary even numbers of years, not significant geologic events. In California, our oldest rocks all originated around 1700 million years ago in the Paleoproterozoic Era, and they all sit in the corner of the state outlined on this geologic map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33952\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 459px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/precgeomap/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33952\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/PreCgeomap-459x360.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"PreCgeomap\" width=\"459\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-33952\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Precambrian rocks are shown as scattered patches of dark brown on this high-level geologic map of California. Click it to see it at 1000 pixels.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outline marks a segment of the North American continent's ancient foundation—the craton—called Mojavia for the Mojave Desert. It's a pretty young part of the craton, and it's all we've got.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest basement rocks of Mojavia are all highly altered—squeezed and stretched rocks classified as gneiss or schist. And they're still on the move today as plate-tectonic interactions are both stretching western North America apart and, in California, yanking it northward along the San Andreas fault system. Just as Sierran granite (shown in red) has been pulled all the way up to the Bay Area, so has a big chunk of Mojavia making up the San Gabriel Mountains. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The westernmost outlier of those Paleoproterozoic rocks crops out in the San Emigdio Range, which forms the rim of the Central Valley southwest of Bakersfield. The quickest way to see them is to turn west off of Interstate 5 toward Frazier Park, then drive up either Frazier Mountain or Mount Pinos (Cerro Noroeste is also possible if you're ambitious). The gneiss shown at the top of this post is on Mount Pinos. It was turned into gneiss around 1450 million years ago, but the rock originated as something else, probably a sandy mudstone, around 1700 million years ago (source, USGS OF-02-406).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elsewhere in California, you can repeat Ben Burress's experience in Death Valley by walking up the canyon at Badwater, but a more interesting canyon hike with the same Paleoproterozoic rocks starts about 2 miles north of Badwater. And blogger Garry Hayes \u003ca href=\"http://geotripper.blogspot.com/2012/01/other-california-oldest-rocks-well.html\">describes more Paleoproterozoic rocks in the San Gabriels\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The really old rocks in America are found in Wyoming and the states around Minnesota. They date from the Paleoarchean Era and are more than 3 billion years old. One example can be easily seen in Washington, D.C., in a prominent spot between the White House and the Washington Monument: the twin \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/od/geology_dc/ig/washdcgeology/wdchauptfount.htm\">Haupt Fountains\u003c/a>, each one made from a 55-ton slab of Montevideo Gneiss from Minnesota. At the time they were made, this was considered the oldest rock in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/hauptftn/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33950\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"hauptftn\" width=\"600\" height=\"429\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33950\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/hauptftn-400x286.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reddish, scrambled-looking Morton Gneiss is a popular stone for buildings and gravestones, and at 3524 million years of age it's considered to be the oldest bedrock in the United States. You could travel to Minnesota to see it (\u003ca href=\"http://www.geocaching.com/seek/cache_details.aspx?guid=ccd13c2e-afb5-4922-b058-622efcb413f1\">there's even an EarthCache for it\u003c/a> west of Minneapolis), but don't bother—you probably have samples right in your own town. David B. Williams, author of \u003ci>Stories in Stone\u003c/i>, calls it \u003ca href=\"http://stories-in-stone.blogspot.com/2009/06/most-beautiful-building-stone-in.html\">the country's most beautiful building stone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/mortongneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33951\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"mortongneiss\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33951\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/mortongneiss-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But you can go older still. There's a Canadian rock from a spot in Labrador called Nuvvuagituq said to be 4.28 billion years old, \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/b/2012/03/25/whats-up-with-nuvvuagittuq.htm\">but the date is still not settled\u003c/a>. Today the Acasta Gneiss, also from northern Canada, is the world's oldest firmly dated rock at 4.03 billion years. You can see that one at Rocklin, just up the road. Go to the campus of Sierra College, on the south side, and locate the excellent Earth History Rock Walk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/rockwalk/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33948\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"rockwalk\" width=\"600\" height=\"472\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33948\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/rockwalk-400x315.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, among the assorted amazing and instructive boulders, is a nice chunk of Acasta Gneiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/29/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks/acastagneiss/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33949\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"acastagneiss\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33949\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/acastagneiss-400x280.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whenever I want to experience the deepest possible deep time, I reach for a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/19/treasure-from-the-sky/\">meteorite\u003c/a> from my collection and lick it. Nearly every common meteorite is older than Earth itself.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/33947/californias-and-the-worlds-oldest-rocks","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_3","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_782","quest_10910","quest_3653","quest_1800","quest_10909","quest_13202","quest_10907","quest_10908"],"featImg":"quest_33953","label":"quest"},"quest_14623":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_14623","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"14623","score":null,"sort":[1305833243000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"geological-outings-around-the-bay-ring-mountain","title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Ring Mountain","publishDate":1305833243,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnthumb2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain view\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Ring Mountain invites the eyes outward with superb views of the Bay, but looking down at its rocks is also a rewarding pleasure. All photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is known among geologists as a type locality for subduction. In everyday language this means a place that exposes textbook-quality examples of subduction-related rocks and tectonic features. The rarest and most scientifically precious of these is in Tiburon, and part of it is on pristine display at \u003ca href=\"http://www.maringov.org/en/Depts/PK/Divisions/Open%20Space/Ring%20Mountain.aspx\">Ring Mountain Open Space Preserve\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've shown you some subduction-related localities in previous posts: Deep seafloor in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">Marin Headlands\u003c/a>, pelagic limestone \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/14/calera-limestone-a-gift-from-the-ancient-pacific/\">in Pacifica\u003c/a>, and melange at \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/03/24/geological-outings-around-the-bay-shell-beach/\">Shell Beach\u003c/a> on the Sonoma coast all represent the upper parts of subduction complexes. Ring Mountain lets us peek downward into their hellish depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The body of rock underlying the central Tiburon Peninsula is part of the large and sprawling Franciscan Complex, an assemblage of materials that was once involved in subduction. The oceanic plate whose small remnant is the Juan de Fuca plate, off Cascadia, has been subducting under North America for many millions of years. Most Franciscan rock is ordinary sandstone and shale, laid down offshore, that has been crushed and crunched in the subduction zone. Volcanic rocks on and in the oceanic crust are mixed in with these. The Ring Mountain block actually went deep down the subduction zone and somehow came back out. Thus it's a high-grade block, one that underwent a high degree of metamorphism. A large portion of it is serpentinite, yielding the typical toxic soil of a serpentine barren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtntamview2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain serpentine\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid that matrix is a large number of rocks bearing the signs of extremely deep burial recorded in their minerals. These have unfamiliar names like glaucophane, lawsonite, jadeite and actinolite. Together, they indicate very high pressure but relatively low temperature (specifically, pressures up to 2.5 GPa and temperatures of about 550°C). The ensemble is called blueschist, shown here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnblueschist2.jpg\" alt=\"blueschist\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pressure corresponds to depths around 100 kilometers, but this is not a straightforward matter and the depths could be less than half that. The tale the minerals tell is one in which cold volcanic rocks of the seafloor were carried down quickly to these depths, not fully heating up. There the rocks were metamorphosed into a new set of high-pressure, low-temperature minerals. Then somehow the rocks returned with comparable speed to the surface, so that these minerals could not change back to their original species. (This \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/library/bl/images/blretrometamorph.htm\">retrograde metamorphism\u003c/a> is why these minerals so rarely occur in surface rocks.) The rocks emerge totally changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnboulder2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain serpentinite\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture this conjures up is that of a packet of rocks being spat out of the subduction zone like a watermelon seed in the fingers. But geologists don't accept stories because they seem sensible; they use them as scenarios to test over and over against the rocks. That's where the conversation among the specialists sits today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ring Mountain is many other things to its visitors. Rock climbers like the bouldering and may not notice the streamlined shapes that resulted from the kneading action in the subduction zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnrock2.jpg\" alt=\"bouldering\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botanists love the flowers and plants endemic to the serpentine habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnflower2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain flower\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photographers love Ring Mountain because it offers everything from the large scale to the small, with an endless variety of light and subjects. If you go, take only pictures because every rock and plant is protected there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtncloseup2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain stone\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find out more about Ring Mountain's geology on \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.marin.edu/~jim/ring/index.html\">To See A World from Ring Mountain\u003c/a>\" by Jim Locke of the College of Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.909 -122.491\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The body of rock underlying the central Tiburon Peninsula is the rarest and most scientifically precious part of the Franciscan Complex, an assemblage of materials that was once involved in subduction.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1311134915,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":600},"headData":{"title":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Ring Mountain | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"14623 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=14623","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/05/19/geological-outings-around-the-bay-ring-mountain/","disqusTitle":"Geological Outings Around the Bay: Ring Mountain","path":"/quest/14623/geological-outings-around-the-bay-ring-mountain","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnthumb2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain view\">\u003cem>\u003csup>Ring Mountain invites the eyes outward with superb views of the Bay, but looking down at its rocks is also a rewarding pleasure. All photos by Andrew Alden.\u003c/sup>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is known among geologists as a type locality for subduction. In everyday language this means a place that exposes textbook-quality examples of subduction-related rocks and tectonic features. The rarest and most scientifically precious of these is in Tiburon, and part of it is on pristine display at \u003ca href=\"http://www.maringov.org/en/Depts/PK/Divisions/Open%20Space/Ring%20Mountain.aspx\">Ring Mountain Open Space Preserve\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I've shown you some subduction-related localities in previous posts: Deep seafloor in the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/21/geological-outings-around-the-bay-marin-headlands/\">Marin Headlands\u003c/a>, pelagic limestone \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/14/calera-limestone-a-gift-from-the-ancient-pacific/\">in Pacifica\u003c/a>, and melange at \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/03/24/geological-outings-around-the-bay-shell-beach/\">Shell Beach\u003c/a> on the Sonoma coast all represent the upper parts of subduction complexes. Ring Mountain lets us peek downward into their hellish depths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The body of rock underlying the central Tiburon Peninsula is part of the large and sprawling Franciscan Complex, an assemblage of materials that was once involved in subduction. The oceanic plate whose small remnant is the Juan de Fuca plate, off Cascadia, has been subducting under North America for many millions of years. Most Franciscan rock is ordinary sandstone and shale, laid down offshore, that has been crushed and crunched in the subduction zone. Volcanic rocks on and in the oceanic crust are mixed in with these. The Ring Mountain block actually went deep down the subduction zone and somehow came back out. Thus it's a high-grade block, one that underwent a high degree of metamorphism. A large portion of it is serpentinite, yielding the typical toxic soil of a serpentine barren.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtntamview2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain serpentine\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid that matrix is a large number of rocks bearing the signs of extremely deep burial recorded in their minerals. These have unfamiliar names like glaucophane, lawsonite, jadeite and actinolite. Together, they indicate very high pressure but relatively low temperature (specifically, pressures up to 2.5 GPa and temperatures of about 550°C). The ensemble is called blueschist, shown here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnblueschist2.jpg\" alt=\"blueschist\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pressure corresponds to depths around 100 kilometers, but this is not a straightforward matter and the depths could be less than half that. The tale the minerals tell is one in which cold volcanic rocks of the seafloor were carried down quickly to these depths, not fully heating up. There the rocks were metamorphosed into a new set of high-pressure, low-temperature minerals. Then somehow the rocks returned with comparable speed to the surface, so that these minerals could not change back to their original species. (This \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/library/bl/images/blretrometamorph.htm\">retrograde metamorphism\u003c/a> is why these minerals so rarely occur in surface rocks.) The rocks emerge totally changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnboulder2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain serpentinite\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The picture this conjures up is that of a packet of rocks being spat out of the subduction zone like a watermelon seed in the fingers. But geologists don't accept stories because they seem sensible; they use them as scenarios to test over and over against the rocks. That's where the conversation among the specialists sits today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ring Mountain is many other things to its visitors. Rock climbers like the bouldering and may not notice the streamlined shapes that resulted from the kneading action in the subduction zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnrock2.jpg\" alt=\"bouldering\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Botanists love the flowers and plants endemic to the serpentine habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtnflower2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain flower\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photographers love Ring Mountain because it offers everything from the large scale to the small, with an endless variety of light and subjects. If you go, take only pictures because every rock and plant is protected there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ringmtncloseup2.jpg\" alt=\"ring mountain stone\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Find out more about Ring Mountain's geology on \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.marin.edu/~jim/ring/index.html\">To See A World from Ring Mountain\u003c/a>\" by Jim Locke of the College of Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.909 -122.491\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/14623/geological-outings-around-the-bay-ring-mountain","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_982","quest_1737","quest_3653","quest_3737","quest_2447","quest_2589","quest_2590","quest_3409"],"featImg":"quest_14626","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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