Letting Bears Roam: Q&A with Ecologist Chris Morgan
Reconstructing a River for Wildlife
QUEST TV: Restoring America's Waters
Science on the SPOT: Monarch Meetup
Sanctuary for Whales, Sanctuary for Sharks
Guadalupe Island: Protecting Sharks through Ecotourism
Science on the SPOT: Salt Creek Tiger Beetles
Ski Green
Newt Migration
Sponsored
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As Captain, Dive Master and Cinematographer, David has explored the world ocean on numerous sailing voyages collecting media with an emphasis on ocean awareness.Educated in Marine Biology, he holds a masters degree in Environmental Health and has worked in education and public health at the University of California at Berkeley for over a decade. David is the writer, producer and underwater cinematographer of the award winning documentary \u003cem>Sharks: Stewards of the Reef\u003c/em>, and was writer and cinematographer on a film on \u003cem>California Marine Protected Areas\u003c/em>, and \u003cem>Palmyra Atoll\u003c/em>. David has written, filmed and produced a new documentary on the \u003cem>Sharks of San Francisco Bay\u003c/em> and has worked as cameraman on feature films such as \u003cem>180 South\u003c/em> and \u003cem>A Beautiful Wave\u003c/em>. His underwater filmwork on San Francisco elasmobranches and ecosystems continues and he frequently donates his work for conservation causes. As Field and Research Associate with the California Academy of Sciences, David is Project Manager of a shark research program on the San Francisco Bay and has initiated a new sharks awareness campaign: Shark Sanctuary San Francisco. Through expedition sailing and video production, Sea Stewards is exploring and explaining our ocean world, influencing policies and practices from sustainable fishing to marine protection. Through Sea Steward Studios, our Media Production work is used to influence sound policies and sustainable ocean practices. Current work includes a series on Sea Turtle Conservation in Mexico, a film with partners Team Fish Finders using local fishermen to promote catch and release and a documentary on local sustainable seafood and a Cordell Banks Expedition.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4dbf6a1c294c9fe26d626d16fedae47?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"David McGuire | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4dbf6a1c294c9fe26d626d16fedae47?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e4dbf6a1c294c9fe26d626d16fedae47?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/david-mcguire"},"perrystoner":{"type":"authors","id":"10250","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10250","found":true},"name":"Perry Stoner","firstName":"Perry","lastName":"Stoner","slug":"perrystoner","email":"pstoner@netnebraska.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Perry Stoner is a multi-media Producer/Reporter with NET News. With NET for 20 years, he was a Videographer/Editor for the first half of that time. He's produced numerous short form journalism stories and multiple documentaries, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.netnebraska.org/extras/ethanol/ethanolmaze.html\">The Ethanol Maze \u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.netnebraska.org/extras/prairiewind/\">Prairie Wind \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.netnebraska.org/television/promopops/cranes.htm\">Crane Song \u003c/a>. Perry has Bachelor of Journalism and Master of Arts, Journalism degrees, both from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Perry is married and has two children. He enjoys spending time with his family and going to Bob's pond in his spare time.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86adf4c9d361bc6efa9c76d1b36e7bab?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Perry Stoner | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86adf4c9d361bc6efa9c76d1b36e7bab?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/86adf4c9d361bc6efa9c76d1b36e7bab?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/perrystoner"},"katiejennings":{"type":"authors","id":"10425","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10425","found":true},"name":"Katie Jennings","firstName":"Katie","lastName":"Jennings","slug":"katiejennings","email":"kjennings@kcts9.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Katie Jennings returns to KCTS as QUEST Northwest Coordinating Producer. A public television veteran, she has produced numerous award-winning national documentaries and series including Fire on the Rim and Teachings of the Tree People. Katie served as Head of Educational Media at the outdoor learning center IslandWood on Bainbridge Island near Seattle, where she developed and produced educational projects for National Geographic and the National Science Foundation. She recently completed a Master's degree in Media Psychology and Social Change.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3bdb2a9870409707b8226dce56db415?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["manage_categories","leadcoordinator","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Katie Jennings | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3bdb2a9870409707b8226dce56db415?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3bdb2a9870409707b8226dce56db415?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/katiejennings"},"abrocious":{"type":"authors","id":"10465","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10465","found":true},"name":"Ariana Brocious","firstName":"Ariana","lastName":"Brocious","slug":"abrocious","email":"abrocious@netnebraska.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Ariana Brocious is the Reporter/Morning Host at NET Radio in Nebraska, where she covers energy, water, culture and Latino issues. A native of the Southwest and graduate of the University of Arizona, she traces her interest in the environment—and how humans interact with it—to her time living in Western Colorado, where she worked as News Director for KVNF Radio, and at High Country News magazine. In her non-working hours she enjoys getting outside, coaxing her vegetable garden along, and experimenting in the kitchen.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["coordinator","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Ariana Brocious | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f9ff308f4dcc2ef1df5848ee85f8295a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/abrocious"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_62187":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_62187","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"62187","score":null,"sort":[1400594401000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bear-corridors","title":"Letting Bears Roam: Q&A with Ecologist Chris Morgan","publishDate":1400594401,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>British-born ecologist, educator, and filmmaker Chris Morgan is often described as \"the bear guy.” For the past 25 years Morgan has traveled to every continent where bears live as a researcher, wildlife guide and educator. He founded \u003ca href=\"http://www.westernwildlife.org/\">Western Wildlife Outreach\u003c/a>, an organization working to educate and engage rural communities in discussions about bears and the environment. Currently, Morgan is creating a feature-length documentary titled \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildlifemedia.org/\">BEARTREK\u003c/a> that highlights the urgent need for bear conservation around the world. We talked with Morgan about why he thinks bears are so important and how they can help preserve open spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why bears?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>I am asked so often, ‘why bears?’ Bears are charismatic and appealing, cute as cubs and impressive as adults, strong and spiritual, and intelligent and motivated. All these qualities we, as humans, really respect in each other or in creatures. I think that bears offer the opportunity for so many big-picture solutions to some of the problems that our planet faces. Protecting bears gives us the chance to protect clean air, fresh water, and intact forests -- all the things we need as a species. I think they are just a great symbol for so many of those needs, and they inspire people in the right directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" ids=\"68185,68183,68181,68189,68188,68184,68186,68187,68182,68190,68191,68192\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You have worked with bears around the world. What makes bears in the Pacific Northwest special?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>We have a tiny number of grizzly bears walking the knife edge of potential extinction in Washington State and the Cascade Mountains. There is just enough wilderness for the bears, and just enough time for us to shake ourselves awake. If we protect those bears and what they need, we will be protecting giant areas of land. What bears need, countless other species need, making them an “umbrella species” -- all encompassing. We can use bears as the icons. We’ve still got them in the Pacific Northwest… let’s make sure that’s the case years from now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" ids=\"68211,68212,68213,68214,68215,68216,68217,68218,68219,68220,68221\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Images courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.coasttocascades.org\" target=\"_blank\">COASTtoCASCADES.org\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are wildlife corridors and how are they important?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>We live in a habitat jigsaw puzzle world that has been taken apart. Reconnecting the pieces of the puzzle is critical for all of us. A “\u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationcorridor.org/corridor-science/\">wildlife corridor\u003c/a>” is the concept of enabling a bear to move from one portion of an ecosystem to another. In the Canadian Rockies they have used wildlife \u003ca href=\"http://digitalnomad.nationalgeographic.com/2013/08/23/the-alberta-story-wildlife-crossing-in-banff/\">overpasses and underpasses\u003c/a>. These overpasses look like a forested bridge that crosses the Alaska/Canada highway. Bears, wolves, moose, and cougars use them actively and increasingly over time. So how does the grizzly bear get across the road? It uses overpasses and underpasses!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we could create a wildlife corridor that connected North Cascades grizzly bears to bears in Canada, then the Cascades population would be doubled, possibly tripled. Bears are perfect representatives of what can benefit from wildlife corridors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How else can we help bears?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Some of it is physical. Overpasses, underpasses, and wildlife corridors combined with protected areas protect these forests so they can remain an intact habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also the psychological element, our relationship with nature. How do people in grizzly bear country come to terms with having bears in their backyard? How dangerous are they? How can they bring positive things to these struggling rural economies? Getting people’s heads around what a grizzly bear is, what bears need, and how that relates to habitat connectivity is just as important as setting up reserves and corridors. There are all kinds of things that we can do to help bears. Starting small but dreaming big. Unfortunately, time is not often on our side when it comes to tiny numbers of bears, but there are definitely things you can do [to move] in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If you were a bear, what kind of bear would you be?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>One of my best friends in England, every time I give him a hug and say goodbye his passing words are, “Chris, remember, if you’re going to be a bear, be a grizzly.” He knows me well. I would want to be a grizzly for sure. They’re my favorite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are eight bear species and all of them are fascinating -- like pandas in Asia, spectacle bears in South America, or sun bears in Borneo. Each of them has their own habitat and their own specialties. They’re a family of cousins, but they’re all completely individualistic. But I’m a wilderness man, I love the wilderness. There’s nothing more wild to me than grizzlies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/65780506\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This film is for teachers, scientists, non-profits and people interested in bears and preserving wild spaces. This film was made possible by an anonymous donation and was produced in partnership with Wildlife Media. What's good for bears is good for people and the planet. \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/65780506\">WHY BEARS?\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/trifilm\">Trifilm, Inc.\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"According to ecologist Chris Morgan, “What’s good for bears is good for people.” Learn what this fearless expert wants us to know about bears.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442954987,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":true,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":861},"headData":{"title":"Letting Bears Roam: Q&A with Ecologist Chris Morgan | KQED","description":"According to ecologist Chris Morgan, “What’s good for bears is good for people.” Learn what this fearless expert wants us to know about bears.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Letting Bears Roam: Q&A with Ecologist Chris Morgan","datePublished":"2014-05-20T14:00:01.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-22T20:49:47.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"62187 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=62187","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/05/20/bear-corridors/","disqusTitle":"Letting Bears Roam: Q&A with Ecologist Chris Morgan","path":"/quest/62187/bear-corridors","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>British-born ecologist, educator, and filmmaker Chris Morgan is often described as \"the bear guy.” For the past 25 years Morgan has traveled to every continent where bears live as a researcher, wildlife guide and educator. He founded \u003ca href=\"http://www.westernwildlife.org/\">Western Wildlife Outreach\u003c/a>, an organization working to educate and engage rural communities in discussions about bears and the environment. Currently, Morgan is creating a feature-length documentary titled \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildlifemedia.org/\">BEARTREK\u003c/a> that highlights the urgent need for bear conservation around the world. We talked with Morgan about why he thinks bears are so important and how they can help preserve open spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why bears?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>I am asked so often, ‘why bears?’ Bears are charismatic and appealing, cute as cubs and impressive as adults, strong and spiritual, and intelligent and motivated. All these qualities we, as humans, really respect in each other or in creatures. I think that bears offer the opportunity for so many big-picture solutions to some of the problems that our planet faces. Protecting bears gives us the chance to protect clean air, fresh water, and intact forests -- all the things we need as a species. I think they are just a great symbol for so many of those needs, and they inspire people in the right directions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","ids":"68185,68183,68181,68189,68188,68184,68186,68187,68182,68190,68191,68192","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You have worked with bears around the world. What makes bears in the Pacific Northwest special?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>We have a tiny number of grizzly bears walking the knife edge of potential extinction in Washington State and the Cascade Mountains. There is just enough wilderness for the bears, and just enough time for us to shake ourselves awake. If we protect those bears and what they need, we will be protecting giant areas of land. What bears need, countless other species need, making them an “umbrella species” -- all encompassing. We can use bears as the icons. We’ve still got them in the Pacific Northwest… let’s make sure that’s the case years from now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"type":"slideshow","ids":"68211,68212,68213,68214,68215,68216,68217,68218,68219,68220,68221","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Images courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.coasttocascades.org\" target=\"_blank\">COASTtoCASCADES.org\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are wildlife corridors and how are they important?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>We live in a habitat jigsaw puzzle world that has been taken apart. Reconnecting the pieces of the puzzle is critical for all of us. A “\u003ca href=\"http://www.conservationcorridor.org/corridor-science/\">wildlife corridor\u003c/a>” is the concept of enabling a bear to move from one portion of an ecosystem to another. In the Canadian Rockies they have used wildlife \u003ca href=\"http://digitalnomad.nationalgeographic.com/2013/08/23/the-alberta-story-wildlife-crossing-in-banff/\">overpasses and underpasses\u003c/a>. These overpasses look like a forested bridge that crosses the Alaska/Canada highway. Bears, wolves, moose, and cougars use them actively and increasingly over time. So how does the grizzly bear get across the road? It uses overpasses and underpasses!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If we could create a wildlife corridor that connected North Cascades grizzly bears to bears in Canada, then the Cascades population would be doubled, possibly tripled. Bears are perfect representatives of what can benefit from wildlife corridors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How else can we help bears?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Some of it is physical. Overpasses, underpasses, and wildlife corridors combined with protected areas protect these forests so they can remain an intact habitat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also the psychological element, our relationship with nature. How do people in grizzly bear country come to terms with having bears in their backyard? How dangerous are they? How can they bring positive things to these struggling rural economies? Getting people’s heads around what a grizzly bear is, what bears need, and how that relates to habitat connectivity is just as important as setting up reserves and corridors. There are all kinds of things that we can do to help bears. Starting small but dreaming big. Unfortunately, time is not often on our side when it comes to tiny numbers of bears, but there are definitely things you can do [to move] in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If you were a bear, what kind of bear would you be?\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>One of my best friends in England, every time I give him a hug and say goodbye his passing words are, “Chris, remember, if you’re going to be a bear, be a grizzly.” He knows me well. I would want to be a grizzly for sure. They’re my favorite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are eight bear species and all of them are fascinating -- like pandas in Asia, spectacle bears in South America, or sun bears in Borneo. Each of them has their own habitat and their own specialties. They’re a family of cousins, but they’re all completely individualistic. But I’m a wilderness man, I love the wilderness. There’s nothing more wild to me than grizzlies.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"vimeoLink","attributes":{"named":{"vimeoId":"65780506"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This film is for teachers, scientists, non-profits and people interested in bears and preserving wild spaces. This film was made possible by an anonymous donation and was produced in partnership with Wildlife Media. What's good for bears is good for people and the planet. \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/65780506\">WHY BEARS?\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"http://vimeo.com/trifilm\">Trifilm, Inc.\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/62187/bear-corridors","authors":["10425"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_12713","quest_12712","quest_326","quest_11603","quest_12715","quest_12708","quest_12709","quest_684","quest_12707","quest_921","quest_12269","quest_11001","quest_1291","quest_10813","quest_12716","quest_12714","quest_2284","quest_12146","quest_12668","quest_12717","quest_3071","quest_12711","quest_12710"],"featImg":"quest_68295","label":"quest"},"quest_62510":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_62510","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"62510","score":null,"sort":[1387810842000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reconstructing-a-river-for-wildlife","title":"Reconstructing a River for Wildlife\t","publishDate":1387810842,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/PlatteRestoration2013Quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every spring, millions of birds migrate through the Platte River in central Nebraska on their way north. They’ve been doing it for thousands of years. But as manmade demands on the river increase, year-round work is required to maintain the quality of the habitat, which is especially vital to endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting down to the edge of the central Platte River can be hard work. Brice Krohn, habitat manager for the Crane Trust, leads the way through a dense thicket until we arrive at a huge mechanized hoe. The disks’ massive, rotating metal blades have ground to a halt. And no wonder. It’s uprooting thick stands of invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees on the river’s edge. Krohn said the plants’ deep roots cause problems because they block the natural ebb and flow of water and sand that keep this river wide and shallow. Those plants also suck a lot of water out of the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64825\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0986.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0986-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"One of the agricultural disks the Crane Trust uses to remove invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees from the river channel and banks. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the agricultural disks the Crane Trust uses to remove invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees from the river channel and banks. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to help Mother Nature by going in and disking, tearing up the roots on some of these plant species, which will let the vegetation to die and sand will be more able to move around. If they stay there and grow, it would channelize the river,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deep channels aren’t good for birds, Krohn said. They prefer a shallow, braided river with bare sandbars. That matters because we’re in prime crane territory. Millions of birds spend a few weeks here every spring, resting and fattening up on the surrounding grasslands and fields before continuing their migration north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cranes like a wide river, wide field of view, unobstructed view. They feel safe from predators when they’re roosting overnight in wide, shallow channels,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ve been migrating through the central Platte for thousands of years. But more recent demands from irrigators and cities have substantially changed the river. Krohn said today’s flows are only about a quarter of what they were historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The old premise was a mile wide and a foot deep. So if we look now we’re sitting at, in some spots, 100 yards wide and three and four foot deep,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64826\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0968.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64826\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0968-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"Crane Trust Habitat Manager Brice Krohn. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crane Trust Habitat Manager Brice Krohn. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That powerful, much bigger river used to scour vegetation from the banks and channel—even more than it did during the recent flood that swept down from Colorado. Other factors played a role, too. “Historically, we know fires came through the area, we know the river was a broader scheme, bison used to graze through here,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Crane Trust is hoping to mimic those natural forces on about 10,000 acres of river habitat on the big bend of the Platte. They’re tearing out trees and weeds, setting controlled burns and applying pesticides to rid the area of dense foliage. In addition, nearby landowners are grazing cattle on the banks and the Trust is reintroducing its own small herd of bison to help thin the vegetation. Krohn said without these efforts, we’d be losing more habitat every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t do anything today for it, the way the river is today will not be here for future generations,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trust isn’t the only group working on the river. A little further downstream, Jerry Kenny watches two huge disks churn through a dry channel of the Platte.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 542px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_1036.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-64827\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_1036-542x360.jpg\" alt=\"Two larger disks in the dry river channel. They tear out vegetation to create open, wide channels that migrating birds prefer. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"542\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two larger disks in the dry river channel. They tear out vegetation to create open, wide channels that migrating birds prefer. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The more water there is in the river the more challenging it is to operate the equipment,” Kenny said. Kenny is the executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program, which formed as a way to avoid lengthy court battles between Colorado, Wyoming and Nebraska over water rights and endangered species. The program is a collaborative effort between those states, the federal government, water users and conservation groups. It works to protect land and water for the threatened and endangered species in the Platte Basin: the whooping crane, interior least tern, pallid sturgeon and piping plover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The river wasn’t able to take care of itself under the constraints that we imposed upon it. At least to create the habitat that we think the species need—we need to step in and help restore that,” Kenny said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six year-old program manages about 10,000 acres of habitat along the central Platte. And they’re working with Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming on getting more water back in the river. One tactic is using federal funds to lease Platte river water from willing irrigators. Then, the Program can divert that water into reservoirs and release it back to the river at critical times when certain species need it—like during whooping crane migration—through what Kenny calls retiming: “You store water in a surface water reservoir when it’s a time of excess, you release it when it’s a time of shortage,” he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64828\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 346px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/jerrykenny.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64828\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/jerrykenny-346x253.jpg\" alt=\"Jerry Kenny, executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"346\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerry Kenny, executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re developing a new reservoir to store water, but another way to get more water is by paying people to use less of it. Kenny said that’s harder to quantify, and admits the program has been criticized by the community for spending a lot of money “on just a few birds.” He disagreed, “It’s not just for benefit of species, benefit of people who live in basin as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenny said by managing the river for the endangered species, they’re helping the states and water users avoid legal conflicts and further regulation over water rights in the future. The Program is continuing to study studying the most effective ways to manage land and water for species. Kenny said their research helps them understand the natural and man-made forces that shape the Platte and the species that depend on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Pulling up vegetation, starting fires, and letting animals graze on riverbanks are just some of the steps being taken to improve habitat for migrating birds, including endangered species. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1387314752,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1104},"headData":{"title":"Reconstructing a River for Wildlife | KQED","description":"Pulling up vegetation, starting fires, and letting animals graze on riverbanks are just some of the steps being taken to improve habitat for migrating birds, including endangered species. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reconstructing a River for Wildlife\t","datePublished":"2013-12-23T15:00:42.000Z","dateModified":"2013-12-17T21:12:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"62510 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=62510","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/12/23/reconstructing-a-river-for-wildlife/","disqusTitle":"Reconstructing a River for Wildlife\t","path":"/quest/62510/reconstructing-a-river-for-wildlife","audioUrl":"https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/PlatteRestoration2013Quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/qbl-int-usw2/QUEST+Nebraska/Radio/Stream/PlatteRestoration2013Quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every spring, millions of birds migrate through the Platte River in central Nebraska on their way north. They’ve been doing it for thousands of years. But as manmade demands on the river increase, year-round work is required to maintain the quality of the habitat, which is especially vital to endangered species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting down to the edge of the central Platte River can be hard work. Brice Krohn, habitat manager for the Crane Trust, leads the way through a dense thicket until we arrive at a huge mechanized hoe. The disks’ massive, rotating metal blades have ground to a halt. And no wonder. It’s uprooting thick stands of invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees on the river’s edge. Krohn said the plants’ deep roots cause problems because they block the natural ebb and flow of water and sand that keep this river wide and shallow. Those plants also suck a lot of water out of the river.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64825\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0986.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64825\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0986-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"One of the agricultural disks the Crane Trust uses to remove invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees from the river channel and banks. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the agricultural disks the Crane Trust uses to remove invasive weeds, shrubs and young trees from the river channel and banks. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to help Mother Nature by going in and disking, tearing up the roots on some of these plant species, which will let the vegetation to die and sand will be more able to move around. If they stay there and grow, it would channelize the river,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deep channels aren’t good for birds, Krohn said. They prefer a shallow, braided river with bare sandbars. That matters because we’re in prime crane territory. Millions of birds spend a few weeks here every spring, resting and fattening up on the surrounding grasslands and fields before continuing their migration north.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cranes like a wide river, wide field of view, unobstructed view. They feel safe from predators when they’re roosting overnight in wide, shallow channels,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’ve been migrating through the central Platte for thousands of years. But more recent demands from irrigators and cities have substantially changed the river. Krohn said today’s flows are only about a quarter of what they were historically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The old premise was a mile wide and a foot deep. So if we look now we’re sitting at, in some spots, 100 yards wide and three and four foot deep,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64826\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 381px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0968.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64826\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_0968-381x253.jpg\" alt=\"Crane Trust Habitat Manager Brice Krohn. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"381\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crane Trust Habitat Manager Brice Krohn. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That powerful, much bigger river used to scour vegetation from the banks and channel—even more than it did during the recent flood that swept down from Colorado. Other factors played a role, too. “Historically, we know fires came through the area, we know the river was a broader scheme, bison used to graze through here,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Crane Trust is hoping to mimic those natural forces on about 10,000 acres of river habitat on the big bend of the Platte. They’re tearing out trees and weeds, setting controlled burns and applying pesticides to rid the area of dense foliage. In addition, nearby landowners are grazing cattle on the banks and the Trust is reintroducing its own small herd of bison to help thin the vegetation. Krohn said without these efforts, we’d be losing more habitat every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t do anything today for it, the way the river is today will not be here for future generations,” Krohn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Trust isn’t the only group working on the river. A little further downstream, Jerry Kenny watches two huge disks churn through a dry channel of the Platte.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64827\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 542px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_1036.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-64827\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/DSC_1036-542x360.jpg\" alt=\"Two larger disks in the dry river channel. They tear out vegetation to create open, wide channels that migrating birds prefer. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"542\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Two larger disks in the dry river channel. They tear out vegetation to create open, wide channels that migrating birds prefer. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The more water there is in the river the more challenging it is to operate the equipment,” Kenny said. Kenny is the executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program, which formed as a way to avoid lengthy court battles between Colorado, Wyoming and Nebraska over water rights and endangered species. The program is a collaborative effort between those states, the federal government, water users and conservation groups. It works to protect land and water for the threatened and endangered species in the Platte Basin: the whooping crane, interior least tern, pallid sturgeon and piping plover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The river wasn’t able to take care of itself under the constraints that we imposed upon it. At least to create the habitat that we think the species need—we need to step in and help restore that,” Kenny said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six year-old program manages about 10,000 acres of habitat along the central Platte. And they’re working with Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming on getting more water back in the river. One tactic is using federal funds to lease Platte river water from willing irrigators. Then, the Program can divert that water into reservoirs and release it back to the river at critical times when certain species need it—like during whooping crane migration—through what Kenny calls retiming: “You store water in a surface water reservoir when it’s a time of excess, you release it when it’s a time of shortage,” he explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64828\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 346px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/jerrykenny.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64828\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/10/jerrykenny-346x253.jpg\" alt=\"Jerry Kenny, executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\" width=\"346\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jerry Kenny, executive director of the Platte River Recovery Implementation Program. (Photo by Ariana Brocious, NET News)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re developing a new reservoir to store water, but another way to get more water is by paying people to use less of it. Kenny said that’s harder to quantify, and admits the program has been criticized by the community for spending a lot of money “on just a few birds.” He disagreed, “It’s not just for benefit of species, benefit of people who live in basin as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenny said by managing the river for the endangered species, they’re helping the states and water users avoid legal conflicts and further regulation over water rights in the future. The Program is continuing to study studying the most effective ways to manage land and water for species. Kenny said their research helps them understand the natural and man-made forces that shape the Platte and the species that depend on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/62510/reconstructing-a-river-for-wildlife","authors":["10465"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_684","quest_12492","quest_980","quest_12269","quest_1291","quest_3930","quest_12490","quest_12491","quest_2349","quest_3289","quest_3108"],"featImg":"quest_64824","label":"quest"},"quest_61749":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_61749","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"61749","score":null,"sort":[1382034894000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"quest-television-restoring-americas-waters","title":"QUEST TV: Restoring America's Waters","publishDate":1382034894,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003ch2>\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch2>Episode Description\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Explore some of the amazing efforts to restore the health of America’s waterways. Follow scientists and fishermen as they team up to rebuild North Carolina’s deteriorating oyster reefs. Battle algae blooms with Lake Erie researchers and discover how the largest dam removal project in U.S. history is providing hope for Washington state’s salmon. Plus, discover an Ohio artist who turns coal mine run-off into works of art.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Segment Details\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Watch the full 1/2 hour television episode above or watch individual segments and read accompanying articles on the following pages:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/restoring-oyster-reefs/\">Restoring Oyster Reefs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/battling-the-bloom-lake-erie/\">Battling the Bloom: Lake Erie\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/a-river-returns/\" target=\"_blank\">A River Returns\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/05/13/coal-to-canvas-an-artist-turns-toxic-runoff-into-paints/\">From Coal to Canvas: An Artist Turns Toxic Runoff into Palette-Worthy Paints (article only)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Explore efforts to rebuild oyster reefs, battle algae blooms, and restore salmon to a dammed river in this television episode.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1457565148,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":128},"headData":{"title":"QUEST TV: Restoring America's Waters | KQED","description":"Explore efforts to rebuild oyster reefs, battle algae blooms, and restore salmon to a dammed river in this television episode.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"QUEST TV: Restoring America's Waters","datePublished":"2013-10-17T18:34:54.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-09T23:12:28.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"61749 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=61749","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/10/17/quest-television-restoring-americas-waters/","disqusTitle":"QUEST TV: Restoring America's Waters","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAd2tEWzd10","path":"/quest/61749/quest-television-restoring-americas-waters","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch2>Episode Description\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Explore some of the amazing efforts to restore the health of America’s waterways. Follow scientists and fishermen as they team up to rebuild North Carolina’s deteriorating oyster reefs. Battle algae blooms with Lake Erie researchers and discover how the largest dam removal project in U.S. history is providing hope for Washington state’s salmon. Plus, discover an Ohio artist who turns coal mine run-off into works of art.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Segment Details\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Watch the full 1/2 hour television episode above or watch individual segments and read accompanying articles on the following pages:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/restoring-oyster-reefs/\">Restoring Oyster Reefs\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/battling-the-bloom-lake-erie/\">Battling the Bloom: Lake Erie\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/a-river-returns/\" target=\"_blank\">A River Returns\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/05/13/coal-to-canvas-an-artist-turns-toxic-runoff-into-paints/\">From Coal to Canvas: An Artist Turns Toxic Runoff into Palette-Worthy Paints (article only)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/61749/quest-television-restoring-americas-waters","authors":["10216"],"categories":["quest_3422","quest_3233","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_3449","quest_12125","quest_12362","quest_12374","quest_1291","quest_12098","quest_11489","quest_2141","quest_2257","quest_2349","quest_10427","quest_12146","quest_10429","quest_12361","quest_10179","quest_2477","quest_2893","quest_2966","quest_3071","quest_3108","quest_12360"],"featImg":"quest_62630","label":"quest"},"quest_34386":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_34386","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"34386","score":null,"sort":[1333673662000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-on-the-spot-monarch-meetup","title":"Science on the SPOT: Monarch Meetup","publishDate":1333673662,"format":"video","headTitle":"Science on the SPOT | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3296,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Bugs normally don’t garner much adoration from people, but monarch butterflies (\u003cstrong>Danaus plexippus\u003c/strong>) are an exception. Monarch butterflies are arguably the most beloved and instantly identifiable insect in the United Sates. Perhaps nowhere else does an insect receive higher regard than in Pacific Grove, CA, which has gone so far as to adopt the moniker Butterfly Town, USA. Stu Weiss, Chief Scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.creeksidescience.com/\">Creekside Center for Earth Observation\u003c/a>, has been studying monarch butterflies for over two decades. “They represent the insect world, which is the most diverse order of life on Planet Earth.” said Weiss “And they’re good ambassadors because they’re beautiful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34638\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34638\" title=\"Monarchs pic12\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarchs-pic123-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stu Weiss uses hemispherical photography to analyse the forest canopy in the Monarch Grove Sanctuary, Paicific Grove, CA. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Weiss uses a technique called hemispherical photography to analyze monarch butterfly overwintering habitat. While facing north, he aims his digital camera directly up towards the forest canopy. The camera is affixed with a 180° fish-eye lens that produces an image of the sky partially blocked by the trees. Weiss takes a series of these images at specific locations corresponding to a grid. With the help of some special software, he is able to map out how much sunlight and wind is able to penetrate the forest at specific locations. This information is important because overwintering monarchs prefer microhabitats that provide both plenty of sunlight, but are protected from the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the information gleaned from his hemispherical photography, Weiss is able to characterize the monarch habitat and provide guidance on the long-term management of the major monarch overwintering sites. The City of Pacific Grove placed Weiss in charge of developing the habitat restoration and management plan for the Monarch Grove Sanctuary, and he has overseen the planting of additional Eucalyptus trees to improve wind protection for the monarchs. While small in size, the Sanctuary is a vital destination for monarchs and a major tourist attraction boasting visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their pleasing appearance, monarch butterflies are famous for their extended migrations. The type of lengthy annual north-south migration undergone by monarchs is more commonly associated with birds. Monarchs spent most of the year in close proximity to their host plant, milkweed. Each fall, as the days grow shorter and the milkweed recedes, monarchs journey to their overwintering grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34400\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 336px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-34400\" title=\"Monarch Watch_migration-map\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarch-Watch_migration-map1-336x253.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rocky Mountains split monarch Butterflies into Eastern and Western populations. Image: {link url=\"http://www.monarchwatch.org/\"}Monarch Watch{/link}\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Rocky Mountains split the monarchs into two populations. Those butterflies that spend their summers east of the Rocky Mountains descent upon forests located within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Pine-Oak Forests not far from Mexico City. The monarchs that spend their summers west of the Rockies wait out the winter months in forests along the California Coast. Overwintering monarch populations return to the same forests year after year, even though none of the individual butterflies have ever been to these locations before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the climatic conditions, monarch butterflies have three or four generations per year. How the butterfly’s great-grandchildren are able to find the same specific forests year after year remains a mystery. New \u003ca href=\"http://scientopia.org/blogs/thisscientificlife/2010/01/26/migratory-monarch-butterflies-see-earths-geomagnetic-field/\">research \u003c/a> indicates that monarch butterflies possess photosensitive proteins called Cryptochromes that allow them to set an internal circadian clock. When exposed to UV light, Cryptochromes are also sensitive to magnetism. This allows the monarchs to follow patterns in the Earth’s magnetic field which guide them in their far-reaching travels. Monarch butterflies may also return to specific groves because the overwintering conditions at those particular spots are similarly attractive year after year. As Weiss explained, “The presence of other monarchs is a really good indicator it’s a good place to be a monarch, kind of crowd sourcing. So if a butterfly’s flying around looking for a place to land, if there are other monarchs there, it’s a good indicator that hey, that’s a good place to land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34501\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34501\" title=\"Monarchs pic6\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarchs-pic6-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies form a cluster on a Monterey Pine branch. Image: Joshua Cssidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the spring, the monarchs go into a mating frenzy, and then they depart from there overwintering spots to find the emerging milkweed throughout their range. Female monarchs lay hundreds of eggs on milkweed plants. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars gorge on the host plant. As the caterpillars grow, they sequester compounds called cardiac glycosides which make them distasteful – even toxic - to predators. During the pupae life stage the caterpillars transform into butterflies within the solitude of their chrysalises. As flying adults they feed on sugary nectar from milkweeds and other plants with their long tube-like proboscises. This cycle of reproduction repeats throughout the spring and summer as the monarchs disperse, filling out their geographic range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because monarch butterflies are intimately tied to milkweed, they are especially vulnerable to habitat loss from development and agriculture. Monarchs also need to find dependable overwintering sites, and both the eastern and western overwintering populations experience threats to these locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34514\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34514\" title=\"CF106_00_0087_2012-01-10_154650\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/CF106_00_0087_2012-01-10_154650-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Erica Krygsman counts monarch butterflies at the Monarch Sanctuary Grove in Pacific Grove, CA. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Monarchs do have one advantage, which is that humans find them beautiful. Enticed by the monarch butterfly’s beauty, people have gone to great lengths to study them and provide for their needs. Erica Krygsman, \u003ca href=\"http://monarchalert.calpoly.edu/\">Monarch Alert\u003c/a> Monterey Co. Field Coordinator is one of those people. She has the colossal task of counting the overwintering monarchs. So how does someone count thousands of fidgeting butterflies as they hang from a tree?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well you don’t count them individually”, Krygsman said. “Basically you count the butterflies when they are in clusters in the trees, and you go by each group and you count…you count a small group and extrapolate to the rest of the cluster.” For the Monarch Grove Sanctuary location, Krygsman’s counts for the winter 2011-2012 hover around 10,000 butterflies. The detailed counts made by Monarch Alert help the scientific community trace the fluctuations in the western monarch butterfly population size and demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34704\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 168px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-34704\" title=\"IMG_7731\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/IMG_77313-e1333660119663-168x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors to the Monarch Grove Sanctuary. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Weiss, “monarch butterflies are listed as an endangered phenomenon, because of the mass of the migration, the length of the migration, and the concentration of butterflies in relatively few overwintering sites. They’re actually vulnerable. You could cut down 20 groves of trees in coastal California and pretty much kill off the overwintering monarchs in California, they’re that concentrated. In Mexico, they occupy maybe a few dozen hectares of high elevation fir forests that are under extreme pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can visit the overwintering monarchs during the winter months at the Pacific Grove Monarch Grove Sanctuary, and take a tour of the Monarch Sanctuary offered by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/category/topics-interest/butterflies\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>. Other good places to find overwintering monarchs are \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=571\">Pt. Lobos Nature Preserve\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Monarch butterflies migrate from all over the western United States to overwinter along the California coast. Conservation Biologist Stu Weiss uses specialized photographic equipment to study what makes good monarch overwintering habitat.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1453253173,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":1184},"headData":{"title":"Science on the SPOT: Monarch Meetup | KQED","description":"Monarch butterflies migrate from all over the western United States to overwinter along the California coast. Conservation Biologist Stu Weiss uses specialized photographic equipment to study what makes good monarch overwintering habitat.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Science on the SPOT: Monarch Meetup","datePublished":"2012-04-06T00:54:22.000Z","dateModified":"2016-01-20T01:26:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"34386 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=videos&p=34386","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/05/science-on-the-spot-monarch-meetup/","disqusTitle":"Science on the SPOT: Monarch Meetup","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/mVyUMGfwOYs","path":"/quest/34386/science-on-the-spot-monarch-meetup","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bugs normally don’t garner much adoration from people, but monarch butterflies (\u003cstrong>Danaus plexippus\u003c/strong>) are an exception. Monarch butterflies are arguably the most beloved and instantly identifiable insect in the United Sates. Perhaps nowhere else does an insect receive higher regard than in Pacific Grove, CA, which has gone so far as to adopt the moniker Butterfly Town, USA. Stu Weiss, Chief Scientist at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.creeksidescience.com/\">Creekside Center for Earth Observation\u003c/a>, has been studying monarch butterflies for over two decades. “They represent the insect world, which is the most diverse order of life on Planet Earth.” said Weiss “And they’re good ambassadors because they’re beautiful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34638\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34638\" title=\"Monarchs pic12\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarchs-pic123-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stu Weiss uses hemispherical photography to analyse the forest canopy in the Monarch Grove Sanctuary, Paicific Grove, CA. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Weiss uses a technique called hemispherical photography to analyze monarch butterfly overwintering habitat. While facing north, he aims his digital camera directly up towards the forest canopy. The camera is affixed with a 180° fish-eye lens that produces an image of the sky partially blocked by the trees. Weiss takes a series of these images at specific locations corresponding to a grid. With the help of some special software, he is able to map out how much sunlight and wind is able to penetrate the forest at specific locations. This information is important because overwintering monarchs prefer microhabitats that provide both plenty of sunlight, but are protected from the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the information gleaned from his hemispherical photography, Weiss is able to characterize the monarch habitat and provide guidance on the long-term management of the major monarch overwintering sites. The City of Pacific Grove placed Weiss in charge of developing the habitat restoration and management plan for the Monarch Grove Sanctuary, and he has overseen the planting of additional Eucalyptus trees to improve wind protection for the monarchs. While small in size, the Sanctuary is a vital destination for monarchs and a major tourist attraction boasting visitors from around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to their pleasing appearance, monarch butterflies are famous for their extended migrations. The type of lengthy annual north-south migration undergone by monarchs is more commonly associated with birds. Monarchs spent most of the year in close proximity to their host plant, milkweed. Each fall, as the days grow shorter and the milkweed recedes, monarchs journey to their overwintering grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34400\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 336px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-34400\" title=\"Monarch Watch_migration-map\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarch-Watch_migration-map1-336x253.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"336\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rocky Mountains split monarch Butterflies into Eastern and Western populations. Image: {link url=\"http://www.monarchwatch.org/\"}Monarch Watch{/link}\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Rocky Mountains split the monarchs into two populations. Those butterflies that spend their summers east of the Rocky Mountains descent upon forests located within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Pine-Oak Forests not far from Mexico City. The monarchs that spend their summers west of the Rockies wait out the winter months in forests along the California Coast. Overwintering monarch populations return to the same forests year after year, even though none of the individual butterflies have ever been to these locations before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the climatic conditions, monarch butterflies have three or four generations per year. How the butterfly’s great-grandchildren are able to find the same specific forests year after year remains a mystery. New \u003ca href=\"http://scientopia.org/blogs/thisscientificlife/2010/01/26/migratory-monarch-butterflies-see-earths-geomagnetic-field/\">research \u003c/a> indicates that monarch butterflies possess photosensitive proteins called Cryptochromes that allow them to set an internal circadian clock. When exposed to UV light, Cryptochromes are also sensitive to magnetism. This allows the monarchs to follow patterns in the Earth’s magnetic field which guide them in their far-reaching travels. Monarch butterflies may also return to specific groves because the overwintering conditions at those particular spots are similarly attractive year after year. As Weiss explained, “The presence of other monarchs is a really good indicator it’s a good place to be a monarch, kind of crowd sourcing. So if a butterfly’s flying around looking for a place to land, if there are other monarchs there, it’s a good indicator that hey, that’s a good place to land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34501\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34501\" title=\"Monarchs pic6\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/Monarchs-pic6-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monarch butterflies form a cluster on a Monterey Pine branch. Image: Joshua Cssidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the spring, the monarchs go into a mating frenzy, and then they depart from there overwintering spots to find the emerging milkweed throughout their range. Female monarchs lay hundreds of eggs on milkweed plants. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars gorge on the host plant. As the caterpillars grow, they sequester compounds called cardiac glycosides which make them distasteful – even toxic - to predators. During the pupae life stage the caterpillars transform into butterflies within the solitude of their chrysalises. As flying adults they feed on sugary nectar from milkweeds and other plants with their long tube-like proboscises. This cycle of reproduction repeats throughout the spring and summer as the monarchs disperse, filling out their geographic range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because monarch butterflies are intimately tied to milkweed, they are especially vulnerable to habitat loss from development and agriculture. Monarchs also need to find dependable overwintering sites, and both the eastern and western overwintering populations experience threats to these locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34514\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-34514\" title=\"CF106_00_0087_2012-01-10_154650\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/CF106_00_0087_2012-01-10_154650-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Erica Krygsman counts monarch butterflies at the Monarch Sanctuary Grove in Pacific Grove, CA. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Monarchs do have one advantage, which is that humans find them beautiful. Enticed by the monarch butterfly’s beauty, people have gone to great lengths to study them and provide for their needs. Erica Krygsman, \u003ca href=\"http://monarchalert.calpoly.edu/\">Monarch Alert\u003c/a> Monterey Co. Field Coordinator is one of those people. She has the colossal task of counting the overwintering monarchs. So how does someone count thousands of fidgeting butterflies as they hang from a tree?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well you don’t count them individually”, Krygsman said. “Basically you count the butterflies when they are in clusters in the trees, and you go by each group and you count…you count a small group and extrapolate to the rest of the cluster.” For the Monarch Grove Sanctuary location, Krygsman’s counts for the winter 2011-2012 hover around 10,000 butterflies. The detailed counts made by Monarch Alert help the scientific community trace the fluctuations in the western monarch butterfly population size and demographics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_34704\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 168px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-34704\" title=\"IMG_7731\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/IMG_77313-e1333660119663-168x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"253\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors to the Monarch Grove Sanctuary. Image: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Weiss, “monarch butterflies are listed as an endangered phenomenon, because of the mass of the migration, the length of the migration, and the concentration of butterflies in relatively few overwintering sites. They’re actually vulnerable. You could cut down 20 groves of trees in coastal California and pretty much kill off the overwintering monarchs in California, they’re that concentrated. In Mexico, they occupy maybe a few dozen hectares of high elevation fir forests that are under extreme pressure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can visit the overwintering monarchs during the winter months at the Pacific Grove Monarch Grove Sanctuary, and take a tour of the Monarch Sanctuary offered by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pgmuseum.org/category/topics-interest/butterflies\">Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History\u003c/a>. Other good places to find overwintering monarchs are \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=541\">Natural Bridges State Beach\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=571\">Pt. Lobos Nature Preserve\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/34386/science-on-the-spot-monarch-meetup","authors":["6219"],"series":["quest_3296"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_326","quest_417","quest_20","quest_1025","quest_1291","quest_10944","quest_3351","quest_10945","quest_10939","quest_10940","quest_2141","quest_2187","quest_10941","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_10942","quest_3071","quest_10943"],"featImg":"quest_34821","label":"quest_3296"},"quest_26238":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_26238","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"26238","score":null,"sort":[1319642877000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sanctuary-for-whales-sanctuary-for-sharks","title":"Sanctuary for Whales, Sanctuary for Sharks ","publishDate":1319642877,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13211,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/sharksantuary640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-26250\" title=\"sharksanctuary640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/sharksantuary640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"sharksanctuary\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>Yesterday I led another expedition out into the Gulf of the Farallones on the Outer Limits with Captain Jimmy. These wildlife tours transit the waters of the \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://farallones.noaa.gov/\" href=\"http://farallones.noaa.gov/\">Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary\u003c/a> and visit the southeast Farallon Island, then continue on to the continental shelf where the coastal plane drops into the abyss of the deep sea. Primarily billed as whale watching, these trips are really about the entire ecosystem, and when I’m aboard, we talk shark, because sharks are what I love, study, advocate and protect through my non-profit Sea Stewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m always amazed at how many San Franciscans are aboard and who have never been on the waters of the Sanctuary, much less out to the islands. The trips start with some trepidation about the weather, the wind and waves and the 27-mile transit to the islands. The nervousness fades as we immediately see several small harbor porpoises before we even cross beneath the Golden Gate. There are more of these shy cetaceans than I have ever seen, and local researcher \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.ggcetacean.org/\" href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/\">Bill Keener of Golden Gate Cetacean Research\u003c/a> confirms that the small dolphins have returned to the San Francisco Bay after an absence of approximately 65 years. Their recent foraging in the bay may be an indicator of the health of the ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearing Point Bonita, we enter the shipping channel and begin our search for whales, but it is the pelagic seabirds that first greet us. We are currently experiencing a changing of the guard in the transition between seasons. The productive ecosystem off the coast of California has three oceanographic seasons: upwelling season in the spring and early summer; relaxation in the late summer and fall; the storm season in winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the upwelling season (March-July), strong northwest winds and the south flowing California current combine with the earth's rotation to drive surface waters away from the shore. These surface waters are replaced by an upwelling of nutrient-rich deeper water from offshore. The nutrients become available for surface dwelling phytoplankton (microscopic marine algae). Phytoplankton form the foundation of this oceanic food web and the combination of nutrients and increased sunlight in spring initiates a bloom of life that radiates up the food web from small shrimp called krill to the great whales. An abundance of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and young fish are food for animals at higher levels of the marine food web. During the summer months endangered blue, humpback and other species of whales visit our National Marine Sanctuaries of Monterey, the Gulf of the Farallones and the Cordell Bank to feed on this abundance of krill. Here's a video from a summer trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.youtube.com/embed/qfNu54GBOHU\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the season is in the relaxation mode, and the calm seas and sunny skies help relax the passengers as we watch pelagic and double-crested cormorants, arctic terns and marbled murrelets wing past. The islands are in sight, but no whales so far. With less food, the humpback whales are making their exit as the California gray whales enter our waters in their annual migration from the feeding grounds near Alaska to the warm lagoons of Baja California Mexico where they calve. The gray whale is a success story. Hunted to extinction in the Atlantic, and with a few hundred individuals in the eastern Pacific, protections afforded under the Marine Mammal Protection Act has allowed this population to increase to well over 20,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mid-channel, we are alerted by another vessel, The Salty Lady, that they are onto humpback whales. Captain Jimmy turns back towards the mainland and we see four humpback whales slowly swimming south. After a half hour, we head back to the islands and soon sea a California gray whale engaging in what looks like feeding near the south side of the Island. Nearby are two \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/\" href=\"http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/\">shark-watching\u003c/a> boats and I wonder if the divers inside the cage witness the whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out near the continental shelf, we are joined by over one hundred Pacific white-sided dolphins and among them northern right whale dolphins. The large pod of dolphins swim alongside us, surfing the bow wave as they head north past Middle Rock and north Farallon Islands towards Point Reyes and the \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://cordellbank.noaa.gov/welcome.html\" href=\"http://cordellbank.noaa.gov/welcome.html\">Cordell Bank\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as the great whales migrate, so too do the great white sharks which visit the islands during this season to feed. As we discuss sharks on our way back to San Francisco, I reflect that like the whales. We can protect them in our sanctuary, but we can't protect them as they transit the open sea in their great migrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the whales, sharks need protection locally and internationally and require shark sanctuaries, protection from fisheries on the high seas and at home, and shark finning banned worldwide. Perhaps one of the most important things we can do is to protect sharks that are reproducing and to protect nurseries like the southern California bight for white sharks and the San Francisco Bay for sevengill sharks, soupfin sharks and the smaller hound sharks that pup there. Through our Shark Steward program with \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.tirn.net/\" href=\"http://www.tirn.net/\">The Turtle Island Restoration Network\u003c/a>, we are now developing a \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://seastewards.org/projects/shark-sanctuary-san-francisco/\" href=\"http://seastewards.org/projects/shark-sanctuary-san-francisco/\">San Francisco Shark Sanctuary\u003c/a> to protect local sharks reproducing in the bay so that sharks will continue to swim the waters of California.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Yesterday I led another expedition out into the Gulf of the Farallones on the Outer Limits with Captain Jimmy. Primarily billed as whale watching, these trips are really about the entire ecosystem, and when I’m aboard, we talk shark, because sharks are what I love, study, advocate and protect through my non-profit Sea Stewards.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366753706,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://www.youtube.com/embed/qfNu54GBOHU"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":904},"headData":{"title":"Sanctuary for Whales, Sanctuary for Sharks | KQED","description":"Yesterday I led another expedition out into the Gulf of the Farallones on the Outer Limits with Captain Jimmy. Primarily billed as whale watching, these trips are really about the entire ecosystem, and when I’m aboard, we talk shark, because sharks are what I love, study, advocate and protect through my non-profit Sea Stewards.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sanctuary for Whales, Sanctuary for Sharks ","datePublished":"2011-10-26T15:27:57.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T21:48:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"26238 http://science.kqed.org/quest/2011/10/26/sanctuary-for-whales-sanctuary-for-sharks/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/10/26/sanctuary-for-whales-sanctuary-for-sharks/","disqusTitle":"Sanctuary for Whales, Sanctuary for Sharks ","path":"/quest/26238/sanctuary-for-whales-sanctuary-for-sharks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/sharksantuary640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-26250\" title=\"sharksanctuary640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/sharksantuary640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"sharksanctuary\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>Yesterday I led another expedition out into the Gulf of the Farallones on the Outer Limits with Captain Jimmy. These wildlife tours transit the waters of the \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://farallones.noaa.gov/\" href=\"http://farallones.noaa.gov/\">Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary\u003c/a> and visit the southeast Farallon Island, then continue on to the continental shelf where the coastal plane drops into the abyss of the deep sea. Primarily billed as whale watching, these trips are really about the entire ecosystem, and when I’m aboard, we talk shark, because sharks are what I love, study, advocate and protect through my non-profit Sea Stewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m always amazed at how many San Franciscans are aboard and who have never been on the waters of the Sanctuary, much less out to the islands. The trips start with some trepidation about the weather, the wind and waves and the 27-mile transit to the islands. The nervousness fades as we immediately see several small harbor porpoises before we even cross beneath the Golden Gate. There are more of these shy cetaceans than I have ever seen, and local researcher \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.ggcetacean.org/\" href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/\">Bill Keener of Golden Gate Cetacean Research\u003c/a> confirms that the small dolphins have returned to the San Francisco Bay after an absence of approximately 65 years. Their recent foraging in the bay may be an indicator of the health of the ecosystem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearing Point Bonita, we enter the shipping channel and begin our search for whales, but it is the pelagic seabirds that first greet us. We are currently experiencing a changing of the guard in the transition between seasons. The productive ecosystem off the coast of California has three oceanographic seasons: upwelling season in the spring and early summer; relaxation in the late summer and fall; the storm season in winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the upwelling season (March-July), strong northwest winds and the south flowing California current combine with the earth's rotation to drive surface waters away from the shore. These surface waters are replaced by an upwelling of nutrient-rich deeper water from offshore. The nutrients become available for surface dwelling phytoplankton (microscopic marine algae). Phytoplankton form the foundation of this oceanic food web and the combination of nutrients and increased sunlight in spring initiates a bloom of life that radiates up the food web from small shrimp called krill to the great whales. An abundance of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and young fish are food for animals at higher levels of the marine food web. During the summer months endangered blue, humpback and other species of whales visit our National Marine Sanctuaries of Monterey, the Gulf of the Farallones and the Cordell Bank to feed on this abundance of krill. Here's a video from a summer trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.youtube.com/embed/qfNu54GBOHU\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the season is in the relaxation mode, and the calm seas and sunny skies help relax the passengers as we watch pelagic and double-crested cormorants, arctic terns and marbled murrelets wing past. The islands are in sight, but no whales so far. With less food, the humpback whales are making their exit as the California gray whales enter our waters in their annual migration from the feeding grounds near Alaska to the warm lagoons of Baja California Mexico where they calve. The gray whale is a success story. Hunted to extinction in the Atlantic, and with a few hundred individuals in the eastern Pacific, protections afforded under the Marine Mammal Protection Act has allowed this population to increase to well over 20,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mid-channel, we are alerted by another vessel, The Salty Lady, that they are onto humpback whales. Captain Jimmy turns back towards the mainland and we see four humpback whales slowly swimming south. After a half hour, we head back to the islands and soon sea a California gray whale engaging in what looks like feeding near the south side of the Island. Nearby are two \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/\" href=\"http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/\">shark-watching\u003c/a> boats and I wonder if the divers inside the cage witness the whale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out near the continental shelf, we are joined by over one hundred Pacific white-sided dolphins and among them northern right whale dolphins. The large pod of dolphins swim alongside us, surfing the bow wave as they head north past Middle Rock and north Farallon Islands towards Point Reyes and the \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://cordellbank.noaa.gov/welcome.html\" href=\"http://cordellbank.noaa.gov/welcome.html\">Cordell Bank\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as the great whales migrate, so too do the great white sharks which visit the islands during this season to feed. As we discuss sharks on our way back to San Francisco, I reflect that like the whales. We can protect them in our sanctuary, but we can't protect them as they transit the open sea in their great migrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the whales, sharks need protection locally and internationally and require shark sanctuaries, protection from fisheries on the high seas and at home, and shark finning banned worldwide. Perhaps one of the most important things we can do is to protect sharks that are reproducing and to protect nurseries like the southern California bight for white sharks and the San Francisco Bay for sevengill sharks, soupfin sharks and the smaller hound sharks that pup there. Through our Shark Steward program with \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://www.tirn.net/\" href=\"http://www.tirn.net/\">The Turtle Island Restoration Network\u003c/a>, we are now developing a \u003ca title=\"blocked::http://seastewards.org/projects/shark-sanctuary-san-francisco/\" href=\"http://seastewards.org/projects/shark-sanctuary-san-francisco/\">San Francisco Shark Sanctuary\u003c/a> to protect local sharks reproducing in the bay so that sharks will continue to swim the waters of California.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/26238/sanctuary-for-whales-sanctuary-for-sharks","authors":["10217"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_326","quest_3309","quest_684","quest_10271","quest_1260","quest_1291","quest_3307","quest_2034","quest_13202","quest_2610","quest_3142"],"collections":["quest_13211"],"featImg":"quest_26250","label":"quest_13211"},"quest_25890":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_25890","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"25890","score":null,"sort":[1318369395000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"guadalupe-island-protecting-sharks-through-ecotourism","title":"Guadalupe Island: Protecting Sharks through Ecotourism","publishDate":1318369395,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/WSAngle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/WSAngle-253x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"WSAngle\" width=\"253\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-25893\">\u003c/a>The shark slides effortlessly upwards, the gunmetal back blending imperceptibly from the backdrop of the deep blue sea. It isn’t until the animal turns sideways, revealing the broad fin and the great white grin that I realize a white shark is upon me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time I visited Guadalupe Island-aka The Island of the great white shark-was under sail in the early nineteen eighties. A rugged and desert island one hundred fifty miles off the coast of Baja California, the island itself was then only inhabited by goats and a fish camp. The deepwater anchorage provided little shelter from the swell and above water the island felt remote and spooky. But beneath the surface I experienced a rich marine ecosystem from abalone to giant kelp to Guadalupe Fur Seals. During that voyage we didn’t experience a white shark, but on a recent last trip aboard a Mexican ecotourism boat we experienced five in one dive. Like the Farrallon Islands off San Francisco, Guadalupe is as an aggregation site for white sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week I joined four Italian photographers, three Japanese and six Americans on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jTtKDFYkWw&feature=youtu.be\">Mexican Shark watching vessel\u003c/a> to enter cages and experience what it is like to be in the water with a great white shark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All trained SCUBA divers, I was surprised at how little my fellow passengers- all educated and experienced divers- knew about sharks, threats to sharks and shark conservation. During our five days aboard I was able to raise awareness via video and shorts talks peppered by the real action in the water. Seeing a white shark swim is like nothing else and the sharks made a clear impression on us all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can look at the statistics. For example, millions of sharks are killed each year for their fins. Countless millions of others harks are killed as bycatch in longline fishery. As many as ninety percent of some pelagic sharks are now missing from the ocean, and one third of these are on the IUCN Red List and threatened with extinction. Great white sharks are one of the few species internationally protected with trade restrictions, yet white shark fins are coveted and the Pacific population hovers around 1000 individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet sharks get a bad rap. My colleague at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>, Dr. John McCosker points out that in the last one hundred years, there have been round 100 white shark attacks in our State waters, with a 10% fatality. The odds of getting killed (if you even enter the water) are greater by simply crossing the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people actually ever get to see a white shark?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statistics pale when watching a white shark swim. You are left with the feeling that these sharks belong and we are the interlopers. Unless we reconsider our views on sharks, white sharks could easily go extinct in our lifetimes. But tourists like these might hold the hope. Click, click, the shutters fire as sharks swim past an arm’s reach. Click click fire the synapses as the mind wonders at the size and power of this amazingly adapted beast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Risks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interacting with wildlife, especially top predators can be thrilling, but can it also be dangerous.\u003cbr>\nWildlife tourism has been long established in the terrestrial environment, but not without problems. Animals and tourists have been killed through negligence and greed. Eventually, guidelines have been established in many regions to protect both the tourists and the wildlife such as tigers and elephants from harm. Many have strict rules like the tours lead through \u003ca href=\"http://www.seethewild.org/57/see-wild-cats.html\">SEEtheWILD\u003c/a>. Profits raised through the tourism are directed towards enforcement or conservation but just as important, local jobs are created. Some of these jobs go to the very people who once harvested or poached the animals after protective laws were established. In Baja, Grey Whale Expeditions lead by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acs-sfbay.org/index.html\">American Cetacean Society\u003c/a> or events lead by local naturalists of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocr.org/\">Ocean Conservation Society\u003c/a> allow people an enjoyable first hand experience and provides a valuable economic influx to areas without other options outside of fishing.\u003cbr>\nLast year I accompanied a sea turtle operation lead through \u003ca href=\"http://www.seeturtles.org/\">SEE Turtles\u003c/a> tagging and tracking sea turtles in Baja. \u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/KWvGVZTyQmY\">The tourists\u003c/a> benefit from hands on experience and learn about the ecology of the animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guides benefit by employment. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.seaturtles.org/\">turtle populations\u003c/a> benefit by more eyes and hearts looking out for their population. Scientists benefit through more data provided by the citizen scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Valuable Alive the Dead\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the terrestrial analogue, shark watching operations have experienced a few glitches along the way. These include an over saturation of operations in South Africa leading to overuse of chum and feed impacting the local ecology, altering the shark’s behavior, impacts of sharks with cages and boats and allegations of increased shark attacks. Some non-cage operations in the Bahamas have lead to the accidental death of photographers by Tiger sharks. This has lead to serious restrictions/elimination of chumming and shark/object interactions. However, through government and self regulation my experience at the Farallones and Guadalupe Island is that operators are cleaning up their acts and working for shark conservation. Increasingly via first- hand experience people are observing the beauty and power of sharks, and understanding their importance through shark and shark cage diving. Today, \u003ca href=\"http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/farallon_details.html\">white shark watching\u003c/a> occurs off the Farallon Islands under permit by the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary requiring trained naturalists and using strict best watching practices. Many countries like Palau and the Bahamas are banning not only shark finning, but all shark fishing and are benefiting form shark tourism. Sharks are worth more alive than dead. A recent study on the economics of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/02/science/earth/02shark.html\">shark tourism\u003c/a> suggests one reef shark may bring up to two million dollars in its lifetime through tourism.\u003cbr>\nOn my recent trip to Guadalupe Island, the crew was entirely Mexican and their families helped with activities like provisioning and the vessel preparation. We also helped a local shark scientist \u003ca href=\"http://www.tiburonblanco.org/aboutus.html\">Mauricio Hoyos\u003c/a> who is engaged in research on the island, and the cage operators contribute to his non profit Tiburon Blanco. Our international team of divers were as amazed by the beauty of the sharks as they were incredulous of the travesty sharks are experiencing worldwide. Each walked away with increased respect both for the majesty of the shark and also for the need to protect them. In our home waters, white sharks are returning to the Sanctuary after migrating thousands of miles and tourists are starting to head west to visit them. We call it \u003ca href=\"http://seastewards.org/news/sharktober-celebrating-sharks/\">Sharktober\u003c/a> and all month Sea Stewards and partners will be celebrating sharks and all wildlife. More on learning about and celebrating the shark can be found at \u003ca href=\"http://www.seastewards.org/\">Sea Stewards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let sharks live.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Last week I joined four Italian photographers, three Japanese and six Americans on a Mexican Shark watching vessel to enter underwater cages, and experience what it is like to be in the water with a Great White Shark.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1325109131,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1131},"headData":{"title":"Guadalupe Island: Protecting Sharks through Ecotourism | KQED","description":"Last week I joined four Italian photographers, three Japanese and six Americans on a Mexican Shark watching vessel to enter underwater cages, and experience what it is like to be in the water with a Great White Shark.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Guadalupe Island: Protecting Sharks through Ecotourism","datePublished":"2011-10-11T21:43:15.000Z","dateModified":"2011-12-28T21:52:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25890 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=25890","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/10/11/guadalupe-island-protecting-sharks-through-ecotourism/","disqusTitle":"Guadalupe Island: Protecting Sharks through Ecotourism","path":"/quest/25890/guadalupe-island-protecting-sharks-through-ecotourism","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/WSAngle.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/10/WSAngle-253x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"WSAngle\" width=\"253\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-25893\">\u003c/a>The shark slides effortlessly upwards, the gunmetal back blending imperceptibly from the backdrop of the deep blue sea. It isn’t until the animal turns sideways, revealing the broad fin and the great white grin that I realize a white shark is upon me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first time I visited Guadalupe Island-aka The Island of the great white shark-was under sail in the early nineteen eighties. A rugged and desert island one hundred fifty miles off the coast of Baja California, the island itself was then only inhabited by goats and a fish camp. The deepwater anchorage provided little shelter from the swell and above water the island felt remote and spooky. But beneath the surface I experienced a rich marine ecosystem from abalone to giant kelp to Guadalupe Fur Seals. During that voyage we didn’t experience a white shark, but on a recent last trip aboard a Mexican ecotourism boat we experienced five in one dive. Like the Farrallon Islands off San Francisco, Guadalupe is as an aggregation site for white sharks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week I joined four Italian photographers, three Japanese and six Americans on a \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jTtKDFYkWw&feature=youtu.be\">Mexican Shark watching vessel\u003c/a> to enter cages and experience what it is like to be in the water with a great white shark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All trained SCUBA divers, I was surprised at how little my fellow passengers- all educated and experienced divers- knew about sharks, threats to sharks and shark conservation. During our five days aboard I was able to raise awareness via video and shorts talks peppered by the real action in the water. Seeing a white shark swim is like nothing else and the sharks made a clear impression on us all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We can look at the statistics. For example, millions of sharks are killed each year for their fins. Countless millions of others harks are killed as bycatch in longline fishery. As many as ninety percent of some pelagic sharks are now missing from the ocean, and one third of these are on the IUCN Red List and threatened with extinction. Great white sharks are one of the few species internationally protected with trade restrictions, yet white shark fins are coveted and the Pacific population hovers around 1000 individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet sharks get a bad rap. My colleague at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calacademy.org/\">California Academy of Sciences\u003c/a>, Dr. John McCosker points out that in the last one hundred years, there have been round 100 white shark attacks in our State waters, with a 10% fatality. The odds of getting killed (if you even enter the water) are greater by simply crossing the street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How many people actually ever get to see a white shark?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statistics pale when watching a white shark swim. You are left with the feeling that these sharks belong and we are the interlopers. Unless we reconsider our views on sharks, white sharks could easily go extinct in our lifetimes. But tourists like these might hold the hope. Click, click, the shutters fire as sharks swim past an arm’s reach. Click click fire the synapses as the mind wonders at the size and power of this amazingly adapted beast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Risks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interacting with wildlife, especially top predators can be thrilling, but can it also be dangerous.\u003cbr>\nWildlife tourism has been long established in the terrestrial environment, but not without problems. Animals and tourists have been killed through negligence and greed. Eventually, guidelines have been established in many regions to protect both the tourists and the wildlife such as tigers and elephants from harm. Many have strict rules like the tours lead through \u003ca href=\"http://www.seethewild.org/57/see-wild-cats.html\">SEEtheWILD\u003c/a>. Profits raised through the tourism are directed towards enforcement or conservation but just as important, local jobs are created. Some of these jobs go to the very people who once harvested or poached the animals after protective laws were established. In Baja, Grey Whale Expeditions lead by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acs-sfbay.org/index.html\">American Cetacean Society\u003c/a> or events lead by local naturalists of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocr.org/\">Ocean Conservation Society\u003c/a> allow people an enjoyable first hand experience and provides a valuable economic influx to areas without other options outside of fishing.\u003cbr>\nLast year I accompanied a sea turtle operation lead through \u003ca href=\"http://www.seeturtles.org/\">SEE Turtles\u003c/a> tagging and tracking sea turtles in Baja. \u003ca href=\"http://youtu.be/KWvGVZTyQmY\">The tourists\u003c/a> benefit from hands on experience and learn about the ecology of the animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guides benefit by employment. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.seaturtles.org/\">turtle populations\u003c/a> benefit by more eyes and hearts looking out for their population. Scientists benefit through more data provided by the citizen scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>More Valuable Alive the Dead\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like the terrestrial analogue, shark watching operations have experienced a few glitches along the way. These include an over saturation of operations in South Africa leading to overuse of chum and feed impacting the local ecology, altering the shark’s behavior, impacts of sharks with cages and boats and allegations of increased shark attacks. Some non-cage operations in the Bahamas have lead to the accidental death of photographers by Tiger sharks. This has lead to serious restrictions/elimination of chumming and shark/object interactions. However, through government and self regulation my experience at the Farallones and Guadalupe Island is that operators are cleaning up their acts and working for shark conservation. Increasingly via first- hand experience people are observing the beauty and power of sharks, and understanding their importance through shark and shark cage diving. Today, \u003ca href=\"http://www.greatwhiteadventures.com/farallon_details.html\">white shark watching\u003c/a> occurs off the Farallon Islands under permit by the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary requiring trained naturalists and using strict best watching practices. Many countries like Palau and the Bahamas are banning not only shark finning, but all shark fishing and are benefiting form shark tourism. Sharks are worth more alive than dead. A recent study on the economics of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/02/science/earth/02shark.html\">shark tourism\u003c/a> suggests one reef shark may bring up to two million dollars in its lifetime through tourism.\u003cbr>\nOn my recent trip to Guadalupe Island, the crew was entirely Mexican and their families helped with activities like provisioning and the vessel preparation. We also helped a local shark scientist \u003ca href=\"http://www.tiburonblanco.org/aboutus.html\">Mauricio Hoyos\u003c/a> who is engaged in research on the island, and the cage operators contribute to his non profit Tiburon Blanco. Our international team of divers were as amazed by the beauty of the sharks as they were incredulous of the travesty sharks are experiencing worldwide. Each walked away with increased respect both for the majesty of the shark and also for the need to protect them. In our home waters, white sharks are returning to the Sanctuary after migrating thousands of miles and tourists are starting to head west to visit them. We call it \u003ca href=\"http://seastewards.org/news/sharktober-celebrating-sharks/\">Sharktober\u003c/a> and all month Sea Stewards and partners will be celebrating sharks and all wildlife. More on learning about and celebrating the shark can be found at \u003ca href=\"http://www.seastewards.org/\">Sea Stewards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let sharks live.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/25890/guadalupe-island-protecting-sharks-through-ecotourism","authors":["10217"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_684","quest_10271","quest_1260","quest_10270","quest_1291","quest_2034","quest_13202","quest_2610"],"featImg":"quest_25893","label":"quest"},"quest_21387":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_21387","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"21387","score":null,"sort":[1314393702000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"science-on-the-spot-salt-creek-tiger-beetles","title":"Science on the SPOT: Salt Creek Tiger Beetles","publishDate":1314393702,"format":"video","headTitle":"Science on the SPOT | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3296,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>If you ever want to meet someone enthusiastic about their job, catch up with the staff that works in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.omahazoo.com/exhibits/butterfly-insect-pavilion/\">Omaha Henry Doorly Zoo Butterfly and Insect Pavilion\u003c/a>. The first time I visited to discuss videotaping with them for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/invertebrates/saltcreektiger/FinalRecoveryOutlineFeb2009.pdf\">Salt Creek tiger beetle recovery project\u003c/a>, they brought out bug after bug for me to see. These insects didn't have anything to do with Salt Creek tiger beetles, but Kay Klatt and her staff wanted me to see the amazing features that different bugs have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_beetle\">atlas beetle\u003c/a> that's black and shiny like a newly washed Harley Davidson motorcycle. There's \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf-cutter_ants\">leafcutter ants\u003c/a> that slice leaves off of trees with a cut as clean as a butcher's knife would make. (Those leaves become fungi, which is actually what they eat.) I'd never seen anything like a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongylus_gongylodes\">violin mantis\u003c/a> before. This bark-colored creature flexes at the joints as it moves to make it seem more like a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Eewww!!\" That's what a lot of people say when they see bugs. Kay Klatt, Supervisor of the Butterfly and Insect Pavilion at Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, says, \"That's perfect. That's what gets people interested, especially young people. What is that? What does it do? How does that work? That's what might motivate someone to want to work with insects when they grow up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff couldn't stop telling me about the creatures as they showed them to me. They talked about how many times they've been bitten or what species have bitten them, but they even did that with enthusiasm. I learned a lot about many types of bugs in a short amount of time. But the other thing I learned is that rare and fragile creatures like \u003ca href=\"http://drshigley.com/lgh/sctb/\">Salt Creek tiger beetles\u003c/a> are in good hands when people like this are looking out for them. The odds are stacked against \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/invertebrates/saltcreektiger/\">the tiger beetles\u003c/a>, but if they make it, it will be because there are people with a passion to help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passion will be a test of patience for the next several months. All the staff can do with the Salt Creek tiger beetle larvae is feed it. To do that, its food is placed at the top of a tube of soil, then the larvae will come to the top to get it. I was surprised to learn that's about all the staff can do -- watch and wait until (hopefully) the larvae turn into beetles and then can be released into saline habitats near Lincoln next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/Tiger_Beetle_Slideshow/_files/iframe.html?noscale=640x423\" width=\"640\" height=\"423\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Salt Creek tiger beetle is one of the most endangered species in the United States, with only two to five hundred beetles left. They're found only in a small saline wetland area just north of Lincoln, Nebraska. We visited the wetland with Mitch Paine, a former research assistant at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln who worked with the beetles and comes back every summer to photograph the Salt Creek tiger beetles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Produced by Diego Moreno / QUEST Nebraska. Beetle photographs by Mitch Paine.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Salt Creek tiger beetle is one of the most endangered species in the United States, with only 200 to 500 beetles left. They're found only in a small saline wetland area just north of Lincoln, Nebraska.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1486515502,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/Tiger_Beetle_Slideshow/_files/iframe.html"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":517},"headData":{"title":"Science on the SPOT: Salt Creek Tiger Beetles | KQED","description":"The Salt Creek tiger beetle is one of the most endangered species in the United States, with only 200 to 500 beetles left. They're found only in a small saline wetland area just north of Lincoln, Nebraska.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Science on the SPOT: Salt Creek Tiger Beetles","datePublished":"2011-08-26T21:21:42.000Z","dateModified":"2017-02-08T00:58:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"21387 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=videos&p=21387","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/08/26/science-on-the-spot-salt-creek-tiger-beetles/","disqusTitle":"Science on the SPOT: Salt Creek Tiger Beetles","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX9cy8JS9I4","path":"/quest/21387/science-on-the-spot-salt-creek-tiger-beetles","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you ever want to meet someone enthusiastic about their job, catch up with the staff that works in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.omahazoo.com/exhibits/butterfly-insect-pavilion/\">Omaha Henry Doorly Zoo Butterfly and Insect Pavilion\u003c/a>. The first time I visited to discuss videotaping with them for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/invertebrates/saltcreektiger/FinalRecoveryOutlineFeb2009.pdf\">Salt Creek tiger beetle recovery project\u003c/a>, they brought out bug after bug for me to see. These insects didn't have anything to do with Salt Creek tiger beetles, but Kay Klatt and her staff wanted me to see the amazing features that different bugs have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas_beetle\">atlas beetle\u003c/a> that's black and shiny like a newly washed Harley Davidson motorcycle. There's \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf-cutter_ants\">leafcutter ants\u003c/a> that slice leaves off of trees with a cut as clean as a butcher's knife would make. (Those leaves become fungi, which is actually what they eat.) I'd never seen anything like a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongylus_gongylodes\">violin mantis\u003c/a> before. This bark-colored creature flexes at the joints as it moves to make it seem more like a robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Eewww!!\" That's what a lot of people say when they see bugs. Kay Klatt, Supervisor of the Butterfly and Insect Pavilion at Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo, says, \"That's perfect. That's what gets people interested, especially young people. What is that? What does it do? How does that work? That's what might motivate someone to want to work with insects when they grow up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff couldn't stop telling me about the creatures as they showed them to me. They talked about how many times they've been bitten or what species have bitten them, but they even did that with enthusiasm. I learned a lot about many types of bugs in a short amount of time. But the other thing I learned is that rare and fragile creatures like \u003ca href=\"http://drshigley.com/lgh/sctb/\">Salt Creek tiger beetles\u003c/a> are in good hands when people like this are looking out for them. The odds are stacked against \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/species/invertebrates/saltcreektiger/\">the tiger beetles\u003c/a>, but if they make it, it will be because there are people with a passion to help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The passion will be a test of patience for the next several months. All the staff can do with the Salt Creek tiger beetle larvae is feed it. To do that, its food is placed at the top of a tube of soil, then the larvae will come to the top to get it. I was surprised to learn that's about all the staff can do -- watch and wait until (hopefully) the larvae turn into beetles and then can be released into saline habitats near Lincoln next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/Tiger_Beetle_Slideshow/_files/iframe.html?noscale=640x423\" width=\"640\" height=\"423\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Salt Creek tiger beetle is one of the most endangered species in the United States, with only two to five hundred beetles left. They're found only in a small saline wetland area just north of Lincoln, Nebraska. We visited the wetland with Mitch Paine, a former research assistant at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln who worked with the beetles and comes back every summer to photograph the Salt Creek tiger beetles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Produced by Diego Moreno / QUEST Nebraska. Beetle photographs by Mitch Paine.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/21387/science-on-the-spot-salt-creek-tiger-beetles","authors":["10250"],"series":["quest_3296"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_302","quest_979","quest_980","quest_1291","quest_9934","quest_9933","quest_9932","quest_3289","quest_12354","quest_9930","quest_3926","quest_3140"],"featImg":"quest_21389","label":"quest_3296"},"quest_11142":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_11142","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"11142","score":null,"sort":[1292261987000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ski-green","title":"Ski Green","publishDate":1292261987,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/12/skiing1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Skiing at Tahoe’s Squaw Valley, the resort with the best report card in the country. Photo: Jeff Engerbretson.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planning a ski trip this winter? Environmentally minded skiers might want to take a look at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php\">Ski Area Report Card\u003c/a> before making travel plans. The recently released Report Card gives every ski area in the country a score, based on the resort’s greenness. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php?nav=how_we_grade\">grading criteria\u003c/a> encompasses everything from recycling the refuse of mid-mountain lunch lodges to using biodiesel to fuel snowmobiles. \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php?nav=browse2&state=California\">California’s ski areas\u003c/a> fared well: Tahoe’s Squaw Valley was ranked the greenest in the nation, and Alpine Meadows wasn’t far behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ski industry’s biggest environmental sins is snowmaking, which often involves taking water out of streams, or adding low quality water to the watershed. Other environmental impacts include carbon emissions from ski lifts and erosion of steep slopes. The worst offense is developing undisturbed land to expand ski area terrain and build new parking lots and hotels. This can wreck habitat for threatened and endangered species. However, there wasn’t much new ski area development over the past year, primarily because of the slow economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Ski Area Citizens’ Coalition (the amalgam of skiers and environmental groups that developed the Report Card), 90% of ski areas in the Western US are on public land administered by the Forest Service. In my opinion, environmentally conscientious ski areas are a good use of public land. I think of skiing as a way to be in nature and enjoy the outdoors—although you could argue that there isn’t much that’s natural about the corduroy-like texture of treeless, groomed slopes. But as I carve through fresh powder, look out over mountain vistas, and watch from the chairlift as voles scurry over the snow, I definitely get that small-speck-in-a-big-beautiful-world feeling. I should disclose that I was a ski bum in Alta, Utah (Ski Area Report Card grade: B) before I blew out both my ACLs and limped off to graduate school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re concerned about your ski-related carbon emissions, I suggest you live like a ski town local: live close to the mountain, and ski the backcountry. No need for carbon-spewing chairlifts when you can get yourself up the mountain on your own power—but watch out for \u003ca href=\"http://travel.nytimes.com/2010/12/12/travel/12explorer-avalanche.html\">avalanches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8793 -122.245\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Planning a ski trip this winter? Environmentally minded skiers might want to take a look at the Ski Area Report Card before making travel plans.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366753808,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":418},"headData":{"title":"Ski Green | KQED","description":"Planning a ski trip this winter? Environmentally minded skiers might want to take a look at the Ski Area Report Card before making travel plans.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Ski Green","datePublished":"2010-12-13T17:39:47.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T21:50:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"11142 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=11142","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/12/13/ski-green/","disqusTitle":"Ski Green","path":"/quest/11142/ski-green","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/12/skiing1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Skiing at Tahoe’s Squaw Valley, the resort with the best report card in the country. Photo: Jeff Engerbretson.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Planning a ski trip this winter? Environmentally minded skiers might want to take a look at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php\">Ski Area Report Card\u003c/a> before making travel plans. The recently released Report Card gives every ski area in the country a score, based on the resort’s greenness. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php?nav=how_we_grade\">grading criteria\u003c/a> encompasses everything from recycling the refuse of mid-mountain lunch lodges to using biodiesel to fuel snowmobiles. \u003ca href=\"http://www.skiareacitizens.com/index.php?nav=browse2&state=California\">California’s ski areas\u003c/a> fared well: Tahoe’s Squaw Valley was ranked the greenest in the nation, and Alpine Meadows wasn’t far behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ski industry’s biggest environmental sins is snowmaking, which often involves taking water out of streams, or adding low quality water to the watershed. Other environmental impacts include carbon emissions from ski lifts and erosion of steep slopes. The worst offense is developing undisturbed land to expand ski area terrain and build new parking lots and hotels. This can wreck habitat for threatened and endangered species. However, there wasn’t much new ski area development over the past year, primarily because of the slow economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Ski Area Citizens’ Coalition (the amalgam of skiers and environmental groups that developed the Report Card), 90% of ski areas in the Western US are on public land administered by the Forest Service. In my opinion, environmentally conscientious ski areas are a good use of public land. I think of skiing as a way to be in nature and enjoy the outdoors—although you could argue that there isn’t much that’s natural about the corduroy-like texture of treeless, groomed slopes. But as I carve through fresh powder, look out over mountain vistas, and watch from the chairlift as voles scurry over the snow, I definitely get that small-speck-in-a-big-beautiful-world feeling. I should disclose that I was a ski bum in Alta, Utah (Ski Area Report Card grade: B) before I blew out both my ACLs and limped off to graduate school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re concerned about your ski-related carbon emissions, I suggest you live like a ski town local: live close to the mountain, and ski the backcountry. No need for carbon-spewing chairlifts when you can get yourself up the mountain on your own power—but watch out for \u003ca href=\"http://travel.nytimes.com/2010/12/12/travel/12explorer-avalanche.html\">avalanches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8793 -122.245\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/11142/ski-green","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_13198","quest_1262","quest_1264","quest_1291","quest_1877","quest_1881","quest_1943","quest_2643","quest_2644"],"featImg":"quest_11143","label":"quest"},"quest_10114":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_10114","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"10114","score":null,"sort":[1288628164000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"newt-migration","title":"Newt Migration","publishDate":1288628164,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/roughskinned-newt.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Rough-skinned newt. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/otterlove/sets/72157600033674744/\">ap\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newts are on the move again. Each fall, after the rains start, the newts of Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden\">Tilden Park\u003c/a> start migrating from the woods to waters of Wildcat Creek, where they mate and lay their eggs. South Park Drive, popular with cyclists and Sunday drivers, crosses their migratory path. Each year from November 1 to April 1 the road is closed to cars, to prevent the newts from getting squished. (How did the newt cross the road? Not by being run over, that’s for sure.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newts in question are the California newt, \u003ca href=\"http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi-bin/amphib_query?query_src=aw_search_index&where-genus=Taricha&where-species=torosa&rel-genus=equals&rel-species=equals\">Taricha torosa\u003c/a>, brown with a yellow/orange belly, and the rough-skinned newt, \u003ca href=\"http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi-bin/amphib_query?query_src=aw_search_index&where-genus=Taricha&where-species=granulosa&rel-genus=equals&rel-species=equals\">Taricha granulosa\u003c/a>, which also has an orange belly and, as its name suggests, has rough, brown skin. The newts’ orange bellies are warning signs to predators—both species produce tetrodotoxin, a powerful neurotoxin. However, the rough-skinned newt’s toxin is ten times more powerful than the California newt’s toxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/eggmasses.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Newts lay egg masses, like these, in ponds and slow-flowing streams. Photo: Jennifer Skene.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>While these two species are not technically threatened, their habitat has been impacted in recent years: their forests and fields have become our neighborhoods, roads have chopped their remaining habitat into fragments, and the streams and ponds where they lay their eggs have been degraded. The least we can do at this point is refrain from running them over!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newts are \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian\">amphibians\u003c/a>, animals that spend the early part of their life in the water, and their adult life on land. Amphibians are going extinct at an alarming rate; their decline has been referred to as the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080811195627.htm\">Sixth Mass Extinction\u003c/a>. Habitat destruction is playing a role, but the main problem is an infectious fungus, called chitrid. San Francisco State professor Vance Vredenburg studies yellow-legged frogs in the high altitude lakes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He has seen hundreds of frog populations die out because of chitrid. Learn more about Vance’s work and amphibian declines in QUEST’s TV story, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/television/view/894\">Disappearing Frogs\u003c/a>, and in a recent New York Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/05/science/05frog.html\">article\u003c/a> and accompanying \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/10/01/science/20101005-frogs/index.html?ref=science\">audio slide show\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chitrid hasn’t affected the newts in Tilden, but the closure of South Park Drive reminds us that amphibians worldwide face some serious threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.883758 -122.228064\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The newts are on the move again. Each fall, after the rains start, the newts of Berkeley’s Tilden Park start migrating from the woods to waters of Wildcat Creek, where they mate and lay their eggs. South Park Drive, popular with cyclists and Sunday drivers, crosses their migratory path. Each year from November 1 to April 1 the road is closed to cars, to prevent the newts from getting squished. (How did the newt cross the road? Not by being run over, that’s for sure.)","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1288628164,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":397},"headData":{"title":"Newt Migration | KQED","description":"The newts are on the move again. Each fall, after the rains start, the newts of Berkeley’s Tilden Park start migrating from the woods to waters of Wildcat Creek, where they mate and lay their eggs. South Park Drive, popular with cyclists and Sunday drivers, crosses their migratory path. Each year from November 1 to April 1 the road is closed to cars, to prevent the newts from getting squished. (How did the newt cross the road? Not by being run over, that’s for sure.)","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Newt Migration","datePublished":"2010-11-01T16:16:04.000Z","dateModified":"2010-11-01T16:16:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"10114 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=10114","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/11/01/newt-migration/","disqusTitle":"Newt Migration","path":"/quest/10114/newt-migration","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/roughskinned-newt.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Rough-skinned newt. Photo: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/otterlove/sets/72157600033674744/\">ap\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newts are on the move again. Each fall, after the rains start, the newts of Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/tilden\">Tilden Park\u003c/a> start migrating from the woods to waters of Wildcat Creek, where they mate and lay their eggs. South Park Drive, popular with cyclists and Sunday drivers, crosses their migratory path. Each year from November 1 to April 1 the road is closed to cars, to prevent the newts from getting squished. (How did the newt cross the road? Not by being run over, that’s for sure.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The newts in question are the California newt, \u003ca href=\"http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi-bin/amphib_query?query_src=aw_search_index&where-genus=Taricha&where-species=torosa&rel-genus=equals&rel-species=equals\">Taricha torosa\u003c/a>, brown with a yellow/orange belly, and the rough-skinned newt, \u003ca href=\"http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi-bin/amphib_query?query_src=aw_search_index&where-genus=Taricha&where-species=granulosa&rel-genus=equals&rel-species=equals\">Taricha granulosa\u003c/a>, which also has an orange belly and, as its name suggests, has rough, brown skin. The newts’ orange bellies are warning signs to predators—both species produce tetrodotoxin, a powerful neurotoxin. However, the rough-skinned newt’s toxin is ten times more powerful than the California newt’s toxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"right\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/11/eggmasses.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Newts lay egg masses, like these, in ponds and slow-flowing streams. Photo: Jennifer Skene.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>While these two species are not technically threatened, their habitat has been impacted in recent years: their forests and fields have become our neighborhoods, roads have chopped their remaining habitat into fragments, and the streams and ponds where they lay their eggs have been degraded. The least we can do at this point is refrain from running them over!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newts are \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian\">amphibians\u003c/a>, animals that spend the early part of their life in the water, and their adult life on land. Amphibians are going extinct at an alarming rate; their decline has been referred to as the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080811195627.htm\">Sixth Mass Extinction\u003c/a>. Habitat destruction is playing a role, but the main problem is an infectious fungus, called chitrid. San Francisco State professor Vance Vredenburg studies yellow-legged frogs in the high altitude lakes of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. He has seen hundreds of frog populations die out because of chitrid. Learn more about Vance’s work and amphibian declines in QUEST’s TV story, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/quest/television/view/894\">Disappearing Frogs\u003c/a>, and in a recent New York Times \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/05/science/05frog.html\">article\u003c/a> and accompanying \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/10/01/science/20101005-frogs/index.html?ref=science\">audio slide show\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chitrid hasn’t affected the newts in Tilden, but the closure of South Park Drive reminds us that amphibians worldwide face some serious threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.883758 -122.228064\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/10114/newt-migration","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_147","quest_148","quest_453","quest_586","quest_912","quest_1049","quest_1155","quest_1291","quest_1989","quest_1990","quest_2455","quest_2943"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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