Lessons from a Global Garden: Growing More Food with Less
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Thirty years ago, Rocky Branch was given the dubious distinction of being the “most polluted stream” in the state of North Carolina. Today, it’s a model of restoration practices for the region. Before the restoration, the rain that fell during storms was considered a problem. The university’s management strategy was to get the rain off campus as quickly as possible. After the restoration, however, facilities management had a new appreciation for the rain that fell on campus. Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus. This video is part of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/collections/surface-water-2/\">Surface Water \u003c/a> series.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pre-viewing Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Imagine you are a civil engineer with earth-moving equipment. How would you restore a stream?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Imagine you’re a landscape architect. How would you design a rain garden?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Discussion Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why has rain traditionally been a problem for cities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did the university manage streams in the past?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods did the university use to restore Rocky Branch Creek?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How were university organizations and students involved in the restoration of the area between the dorms?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods are now used to collect rainwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Post-viewing questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why do you think the stream restoration changed the way the university handles stormwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Extension Activity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design a rain garden for your school.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Links to Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://wikiwatershed.org/model.html\" target=\"_blank\">Model My Watershed\u003c/a>, Stroud Water Research Center This innovative and intuitive Web-based hydrologic model uses real GIS data and an authentic, professional-grade model to illustrate the impact of current land use on local hydrology. It allows users to change local conditions to see how best management practices decrease runoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/wqg/srp/2010conference/pdfs/bdoll.generalsession.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Stream Restoration: A Focus on Rocky Branch\u003c/a>, North Carolina Sea Grant This PowerPoint presentation shows before and after images of the Rocky Branch restoration in Raleigh, North Carolina.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://water.epa.gov/action/adopt/index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Adopt Your Watershed\u003c/a>, EPA This database of watershed groups tells you where to find out how to participate as a volunteer in water quality monitoring, stream cleanups and storm drain marking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/waters/ir/\" target=\"_blank\">Water Quality Assessment\u003c/a>, EPA This site provides information reported by each state about the conditions in the surface water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.unctv.org/content/explainer-raincatchers\">Raincatchers,\u003c/a> UNC-TV An educational \"kit\" about how the City of Durham, North Carolina is evaluating the benefits of rain gardens in a cluster of yards. Digital kit includes a 5-minute video, pdf infographic, photogallery, and career biography of a water quality engineer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Next Generation Science Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Performance Expectation:\u003c/strong> Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems. \u003cstrong>HS-ESS3-4\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Disciplinary Core Idea:\u003c/strong> The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires responsible management of natural resources. \u003cstrong>ESS3.C\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crosscutting Concept:\u003c/strong> Stability and change\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Engineering Practice:\u003c/strong> Constructing explanations and designing solutions\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450484594,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":493},"headData":{"title":"A Watershed Moment | KQED","description":"Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Watershed Moment","datePublished":"2014-04-09T14:00:41.000Z","dateModified":"2015-12-19T00:23:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"69053 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=69053","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/04/09/a-watershed-moment/","disqusTitle":"A Watershed Moment","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4rmj7QVyJQ","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/69053/a-watershed-moment","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When the ribbon was cut on the Rocky Branch project, the stream that flowed through the heart of North Carolina State University was restored, but the university was transformed. Thirty years ago, Rocky Branch was given the dubious distinction of being the “most polluted stream” in the state of North Carolina. Today, it’s a model of restoration practices for the region. Before the restoration, the rain that fell during storms was considered a problem. The university’s management strategy was to get the rain off campus as quickly as possible. After the restoration, however, facilities management had a new appreciation for the rain that fell on campus. Watch as a university rises to the challenge of caring for the water that cycles through campus. This video is part of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/collections/surface-water-2/\">Surface Water \u003c/a> series.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Pre-viewing Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Imagine you are a civil engineer with earth-moving equipment. How would you restore a stream?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Imagine you’re a landscape architect. How would you design a rain garden?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Discussion Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why has rain traditionally been a problem for cities?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How did the university manage streams in the past?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods did the university use to restore Rocky Branch Creek?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>How were university organizations and students involved in the restoration of the area between the dorms?\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>What methods are now used to collect rainwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Post-viewing questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Why do you think the stream restoration changed the way the university handles stormwater?\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Extension Activity\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Design a rain garden for your school.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Links to Learn More\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://wikiwatershed.org/model.html\" target=\"_blank\">Model My Watershed\u003c/a>, Stroud Water Research Center This innovative and intuitive Web-based hydrologic model uses real GIS data and an authentic, professional-grade model to illustrate the impact of current land use on local hydrology. It allows users to change local conditions to see how best management practices decrease runoff.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bae.ncsu.edu/programs/extension/wqg/srp/2010conference/pdfs/bdoll.generalsession.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Urban Stream Restoration: A Focus on Rocky Branch\u003c/a>, North Carolina Sea Grant This PowerPoint presentation shows before and after images of the Rocky Branch restoration in Raleigh, North Carolina.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://water.epa.gov/action/adopt/index.cfm\" target=\"_blank\">Adopt Your Watershed\u003c/a>, EPA This database of watershed groups tells you where to find out how to participate as a volunteer in water quality monitoring, stream cleanups and storm drain marking.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/waters/ir/\" target=\"_blank\">Water Quality Assessment\u003c/a>, EPA This site provides information reported by each state about the conditions in the surface water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.unctv.org/content/explainer-raincatchers\">Raincatchers,\u003c/a> UNC-TV An educational \"kit\" about how the City of Durham, North Carolina is evaluating the benefits of rain gardens in a cluster of yards. Digital kit includes a 5-minute video, pdf infographic, photogallery, and career biography of a water quality engineer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Next Generation Science Standards\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Performance Expectation:\u003c/strong> Evaluate or refine a technological solution that reduces impacts of human activities on natural systems. \u003cstrong>HS-ESS3-4\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Disciplinary Core Idea:\u003c/strong> The sustainability of human societies and the biodiversity that supports them requires responsible management of natural resources. \u003cstrong>ESS3.C\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Crosscutting Concept:\u003c/strong> Stability and change\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Engineering Practice:\u003c/strong> Constructing explanations and designing solutions\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/69053/a-watershed-moment","authors":["10443"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_3233","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_1171","quest_12794","quest_12342","quest_10427","quest_2363","quest_2423","quest_12640"],"collections":["quest_12824"],"featImg":"quest_69339","label":"source_quest_69053"},"quest_63190":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_63190","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"63190","score":null,"sort":[1392735604000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"lessons-from-a-global-garden-growing-more-food-with-less","title":"Lessons from a Global Garden: Growing More Food with Less","publishDate":1392735604,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>As the curtain of fog began to part, a ray of sunlight struck the small patch of earth where Sanjana Silva was replanting dozens of bright green barley seedlings. Silva lives and works in Sri Lanka, the tropical island nation that dangles from India’s southernmost tip. As part of his job as an officer with Sri Lanka’s Department of Agriculture, he searches for better ways to feed his country’s growing population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is Silva doing \u003cem>here\u003c/em>, digging holes in a garden in Mendocino, California, on this chilly morning?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very cold here…but I can deal with it,” he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_63312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-63312 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA1-e1386283868409-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"Sri Lankan agricultural official Sanjana Silva plants barley seedlings at a test plot in Mendocino, CA.\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sri Lankan agricultural official Sanjana Silva plants barley seedlings at a test plot in Mendocino, CA. Click to enlarge. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luckily, he’s not here for the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silva is part of a group of international farmers and gardeners from countries as far flung as Senegal, Nepal, and Argentina who journey every year to a network of research gardens on the northern California coast. They come to participate in six- to twelve-month training programs where they are schooled in the art of biointensive growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The programs are offered through a nonprofit organization based in Willits, California called \u003ca title=\"Ecology Action\" href=\"http://www.growbiointensive.org/about_main.html\">Ecology Action\u003c/a>, dedicated to teaching people around the globe how to grow food in a sustainable way. The method they teach -- referred to as \u003ca title=\"Grow Biointensive\" href=\"http://www.growbiointensive.org/\">GROW BIOINTENSIVE\u003c/a> -- is the brainchild of Yale graduate and agricultural researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.johnjeavons.info\">John Jeavons\u003c/a>, who since 1972 has been studying the results of small-scale, biologically intensive farming. The technique is largely based on the work of \u003ca href=\"http://casfs.ucsc.edu/about/history/farm-garden-projects\">Alan Chadwick\u003c/a>, the British Master Gardener who pioneered organic farming methods at the University of California-Santa Cruz in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">75 percent of the world’s people will be at risk because they may not have enough water to grow an adequate diet \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The goal of Jeavon’s trademarked method is to help farmers increase food yields using less land, less water, and without the chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in conventional farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide we have a critical situation on our hands…,” Jeavons explained. “According to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/waterfor%20lifedecade/scarcity.shtml\">UN [FAO] report\u003c/a>, 75 percent of the world’s people will be at risk because they may not have enough water to grow an adequate diet. Also, so much of our agricultural land is no longer viable because farming has depleted the soil. So this method is designed -- based on millennia-old practices -- to enable people everywhere in the world to meet their own food needs and ‘grow’ their own soil using a fraction of the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64687\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 347px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/kale3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64687 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/kale3-347x253.jpg\" alt=\"Kale and other leafy greens grow in raised beds with soil loosened two feet down to support moisture retention and minimize erosion -- one of the key biointensive growing techniques. Image by Lisa Landers\" width=\"347\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raised beds allow soil to be loosened two feet down to support moisture retention and minimize erosion -- one of the key biointensive growing techniques. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the magic formula? It’s a combination of soil that is continuously cultivated with a carbon-rich organic compost to maximize fertility, and seeds that are planted in a certain way. For example, crops are planted much closer together than usual so that more can be grown in a small space. Bunching the plants together also creates a leafy umbrella that shades the soil, which in turn reduces the need for water. It’s a recipe that can be used to grow seasonal foods year-round -- from winter squashes to summer berries -- outdoors or in greenhouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International trainees like Sanjana Silva spend their days engaged in hands-on fieldwork, classroom learning, and informal brainstorming sessions between farmers from different countries, all of whom face distinct challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64648\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/SS-2women-DSC04798.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64648 \" title=\"Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Click to enlarge. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/SS-2women-DSC04798-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silva enrolled in the program because he is searching for ways to support his government’s initiative to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. “Sri Lanka is 70 percent rural, which means that they are basically all farming their own food. But the use of nationally subsidized chemical fertilizers caused the soil quality to become poor, making it harder to grow food.” Silva added that the shift away from chemical fertilizers was also spurred by their suspected \u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/systems/feature/conflicting-reports-highlight-scientific-data-gaps-in-sri-lanka-s-chronic-kidney.html\">link to the chronic kidney disease\u003c/a> that plagues many Sri Lankans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although this brand of biointensive farming holds great promise for small community farms like those in Sri Lanka, questions remain about its scalability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For small-scale plots this method has proven to produce high yields,\" according to Christof Bernau, an instructor at the \u003ca href=\"http://casfs.ucsc.edu/about/index.html\">Center for Agroecology at the University of California, Santa Cruz\u003c/a>,\" but if you amplify it out to the multi-acre, tractor-scale model, it may require inputs of knowledge, labor, and resources that aren’t economically sustainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the globe scientists are \u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/food-security/editorials/investing-in-people-and-evidence-for-sustainable-farming.html\">studying the effectiveness of a variety of innovative farming methods\u003c/a> aimed at addressing issues related to food security and dwindling resources, particularly in developing nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no one-size-fits-all method, acknowledged Ecology Action garden manager, Matt Drewno. Growing techniques have to be adjusted to account for variations in weather, topography, and other factors. “But we provide an adaptable toolkit and a framework,” explained Drewn, “so that no matter the climate, crop availability, and other specific local considerations, you can make it work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64302\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Kenya2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64302 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Kenya2-337x253.jpg\" alt='During a workshop near Mzuzu, Malawi, people learn how to \"grow\" more fertile soil. Photo courtesy of John Jeavons' width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">During a workshop near Mzuzu, Malawi, community members learn how to \"grow\" more fertile soil. Photo courtesy of John Jeavons\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Besides two people from Sri Lanka, this year’s group of 10 international participants (stationed at one of three California training sites) also included an emissary from a Mexican government agency working to improve and expand the capacity of floating farms on the outskirts of Mexico City, and a Kenyan who has set his sights on repairing the soil damage wrought by industrial tea farming, with the hope of restoring the farmers’ ability to nourish themselves from their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of these people really want to educate other people -- and that’s why they are coming here,” said Jeavons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the foggy Mendocino research garden, many crops are transformed into meals served at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ravensrestaurant.com/\">Ravens’ Restaurant\u003c/a>, a gourmet vegan eatery. The proprietors of the restaurant and \u003ca href=\"http://www.stanfordinn.com\">adjoining eco-resort\u003c/a> offer free use of their land for the research, as well as food and lodging for training program participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_63311\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 296px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA-quinoa-e1386285537989.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-63311 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA-quinoa-e1386285537989-296x253.jpg\" alt=\"Protein-packed quinoa plants are cultivated and harvested at Ecology Action's research garden in Mendocino, CA. Image by Lisa Landers\" width=\"296\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protein-packed quinoa plants are cultivated and harvested at Ecology Action's research garden in Mendocino, CA. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trainees also get down in the dirt to help answer a question that has been motivating Jeavons for more than 40 years: what is the smallest amount of land on which a complete and balanced diet can be grown? This year’s test plot is filled with calorically and nutritionally dense crops, such as fava beans, potatoes, and towering quinoa plants, whose protein-packed clusters of ruby red seeds glisten in the misty morning light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the year the results from this experimental garden will be collected, analyzed, and posted online, where they can be accessed by farmers, scientists, and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Silva and the other international participants complete their training, they will take what they learn back to their own communities, along with the hope of planting the seeds for a more sustainable farming future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I’ve taught workshops in places like East Africa and I tell them about the challenging situation we face, it doesn’t freak them out,” Jeavons recounted. “They say, ‘let’s do this’ and ‘if we don’t do this, our children are going to be toast.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related links for further exploration:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/en/sustainablefuture/food.shtml\">United Nations: sustainable farming stories & stats from around the globet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/agriculture/farming/\">SciDev \"Spotlight\" Series: Science for Sustainable Food\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://commongroundgarden.org\">Common Ground Garden (Ecology Action Bay Area Tours & Classes)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Farmers and community gardeners from around the world gather in Mendocino, California to explore a method for growing more food on less land -- that reduces the need for precious resources.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442702389,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1336},"headData":{"title":"Lessons from a Global Garden: Growing More Food with Less | KQED","description":"Farmers and community gardeners from around the world gather in Mendocino, California to explore a method for growing more food on less land -- that reduces the need for precious resources.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Lessons from a Global Garden: Growing More Food with Less","datePublished":"2014-02-18T15:00:04.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T22:39:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"63190 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=63190","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/02/18/lessons-from-a-global-garden-growing-more-food-with-less/","disqusTitle":"Lessons from a Global Garden: Growing More Food with Less","source":"Environment","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/environment/","path":"/quest/63190/lessons-from-a-global-garden-growing-more-food-with-less","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the curtain of fog began to part, a ray of sunlight struck the small patch of earth where Sanjana Silva was replanting dozens of bright green barley seedlings. Silva lives and works in Sri Lanka, the tropical island nation that dangles from India’s southernmost tip. As part of his job as an officer with Sri Lanka’s Department of Agriculture, he searches for better ways to feed his country’s growing population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is Silva doing \u003cem>here\u003c/em>, digging holes in a garden in Mendocino, California, on this chilly morning?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very cold here…but I can deal with it,” he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_63312\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-63312 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA1-e1386283868409-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"Sri Lankan agricultural official Sanjana Silva plants barley seedlings at a test plot in Mendocino, CA.\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sri Lankan agricultural official Sanjana Silva plants barley seedlings at a test plot in Mendocino, CA. Click to enlarge. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Luckily, he’s not here for the weather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silva is part of a group of international farmers and gardeners from countries as far flung as Senegal, Nepal, and Argentina who journey every year to a network of research gardens on the northern California coast. They come to participate in six- to twelve-month training programs where they are schooled in the art of biointensive growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The programs are offered through a nonprofit organization based in Willits, California called \u003ca title=\"Ecology Action\" href=\"http://www.growbiointensive.org/about_main.html\">Ecology Action\u003c/a>, dedicated to teaching people around the globe how to grow food in a sustainable way. The method they teach -- referred to as \u003ca title=\"Grow Biointensive\" href=\"http://www.growbiointensive.org/\">GROW BIOINTENSIVE\u003c/a> -- is the brainchild of Yale graduate and agricultural researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.johnjeavons.info\">John Jeavons\u003c/a>, who since 1972 has been studying the results of small-scale, biologically intensive farming. The technique is largely based on the work of \u003ca href=\"http://casfs.ucsc.edu/about/history/farm-garden-projects\">Alan Chadwick\u003c/a>, the British Master Gardener who pioneered organic farming methods at the University of California-Santa Cruz in the 1960s.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">75 percent of the world’s people will be at risk because they may not have enough water to grow an adequate diet \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The goal of Jeavon’s trademarked method is to help farmers increase food yields using less land, less water, and without the chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in conventional farming techniques.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide we have a critical situation on our hands…,” Jeavons explained. “According to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/waterfor%20lifedecade/scarcity.shtml\">UN [FAO] report\u003c/a>, 75 percent of the world’s people will be at risk because they may not have enough water to grow an adequate diet. Also, so much of our agricultural land is no longer viable because farming has depleted the soil. So this method is designed -- based on millennia-old practices -- to enable people everywhere in the world to meet their own food needs and ‘grow’ their own soil using a fraction of the resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64687\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 347px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/kale3.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64687 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/kale3-347x253.jpg\" alt=\"Kale and other leafy greens grow in raised beds with soil loosened two feet down to support moisture retention and minimize erosion -- one of the key biointensive growing techniques. Image by Lisa Landers\" width=\"347\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raised beds allow soil to be loosened two feet down to support moisture retention and minimize erosion -- one of the key biointensive growing techniques. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, what’s the magic formula? It’s a combination of soil that is continuously cultivated with a carbon-rich organic compost to maximize fertility, and seeds that are planted in a certain way. For example, crops are planted much closer together than usual so that more can be grown in a small space. Bunching the plants together also creates a leafy umbrella that shades the soil, which in turn reduces the need for water. It’s a recipe that can be used to grow seasonal foods year-round -- from winter squashes to summer berries -- outdoors or in greenhouses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International trainees like Sanjana Silva spend their days engaged in hands-on fieldwork, classroom learning, and informal brainstorming sessions between farmers from different countries, all of whom face distinct challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64648\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/SS-2women-DSC04798.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64648 \" title=\"Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Click to enlarge. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/SS-2women-DSC04798-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teaching community gardeners in Sri Lanka about biointensive growing methods. Image courtesy of Sanjana Silva\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silva enrolled in the program because he is searching for ways to support his government’s initiative to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. “Sri Lanka is 70 percent rural, which means that they are basically all farming their own food. But the use of nationally subsidized chemical fertilizers caused the soil quality to become poor, making it harder to grow food.” Silva added that the shift away from chemical fertilizers was also spurred by their suspected \u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/systems/feature/conflicting-reports-highlight-scientific-data-gaps-in-sri-lanka-s-chronic-kidney.html\">link to the chronic kidney disease\u003c/a> that plagues many Sri Lankans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although this brand of biointensive farming holds great promise for small community farms like those in Sri Lanka, questions remain about its scalability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For small-scale plots this method has proven to produce high yields,\" according to Christof Bernau, an instructor at the \u003ca href=\"http://casfs.ucsc.edu/about/index.html\">Center for Agroecology at the University of California, Santa Cruz\u003c/a>,\" but if you amplify it out to the multi-acre, tractor-scale model, it may require inputs of knowledge, labor, and resources that aren’t economically sustainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the globe scientists are \u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/food-security/editorials/investing-in-people-and-evidence-for-sustainable-farming.html\">studying the effectiveness of a variety of innovative farming methods\u003c/a> aimed at addressing issues related to food security and dwindling resources, particularly in developing nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no one-size-fits-all method, acknowledged Ecology Action garden manager, Matt Drewno. Growing techniques have to be adjusted to account for variations in weather, topography, and other factors. “But we provide an adaptable toolkit and a framework,” explained Drewn, “so that no matter the climate, crop availability, and other specific local considerations, you can make it work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_64302\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Kenya2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-64302 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Kenya2-337x253.jpg\" alt='During a workshop near Mzuzu, Malawi, people learn how to \"grow\" more fertile soil. Photo courtesy of John Jeavons' width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">During a workshop near Mzuzu, Malawi, community members learn how to \"grow\" more fertile soil. Photo courtesy of John Jeavons\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Besides two people from Sri Lanka, this year’s group of 10 international participants (stationed at one of three California training sites) also included an emissary from a Mexican government agency working to improve and expand the capacity of floating farms on the outskirts of Mexico City, and a Kenyan who has set his sights on repairing the soil damage wrought by industrial tea farming, with the hope of restoring the farmers’ ability to nourish themselves from their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of these people really want to educate other people -- and that’s why they are coming here,” said Jeavons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the foggy Mendocino research garden, many crops are transformed into meals served at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ravensrestaurant.com/\">Ravens’ Restaurant\u003c/a>, a gourmet vegan eatery. The proprietors of the restaurant and \u003ca href=\"http://www.stanfordinn.com\">adjoining eco-resort\u003c/a> offer free use of their land for the research, as well as food and lodging for training program participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_63311\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 296px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA-quinoa-e1386285537989.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-63311 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/11/Silva-EA-quinoa-e1386285537989-296x253.jpg\" alt=\"Protein-packed quinoa plants are cultivated and harvested at Ecology Action's research garden in Mendocino, CA. Image by Lisa Landers\" width=\"296\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protein-packed quinoa plants are cultivated and harvested at Ecology Action's research garden in Mendocino, CA. Image by Lisa Landers\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The trainees also get down in the dirt to help answer a question that has been motivating Jeavons for more than 40 years: what is the smallest amount of land on which a complete and balanced diet can be grown? This year’s test plot is filled with calorically and nutritionally dense crops, such as fava beans, potatoes, and towering quinoa plants, whose protein-packed clusters of ruby red seeds glisten in the misty morning light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the year the results from this experimental garden will be collected, analyzed, and posted online, where they can be accessed by farmers, scientists, and the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Silva and the other international participants complete their training, they will take what they learn back to their own communities, along with the hope of planting the seeds for a more sustainable farming future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I’ve taught workshops in places like East Africa and I tell them about the challenging situation we face, it doesn’t freak them out,” Jeavons recounted. “They say, ‘let’s do this’ and ‘if we don’t do this, our children are going to be toast.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related links for further exploration:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.un.org/en/sustainablefuture/food.shtml\">United Nations: sustainable farming stories & stats from around the globet\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scidev.net/global/agriculture/farming/\">SciDev \"Spotlight\" Series: Science for Sustainable Food\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://commongroundgarden.org\">Common Ground Garden (Ecology Action Bay Area Tours & Classes)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/63190/lessons-from-a-global-garden-growing-more-food-with-less","authors":["5412"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_3229"],"tags":["quest_85","quest_12483","quest_12482","quest_1122","quest_12269","quest_1171","quest_12486","quest_12485","quest_1789","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_2692","quest_12484","quest_9913","quest_13364"],"featImg":"quest_64275","label":"source_quest_63190"},"quest_8086":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_8086","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"8086","score":null,"sort":[1284750052000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks","title":"Reporter's Notes: Backyard Seed Banks","publishDate":1284750052,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Reporter’s Notes: Backyard Seed Banks | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/4-47Seeds_300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the summer growing season winds down, most backyard gardeners are harvesting the last few cherry tomatoes and basil leaves out of their gardens. Seeds, on the other hand, are something few gardeners gather anymore.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture. Farmers select their best crops, save the seeds and use them for the next growing season. Today, most backyard gardeners opt for buying seed packets or seedlings at the garden store. But a handful of Bay Area groups are working to create local seed saving networks, where local gardeners can learn to save seeds and share them. The idea is that, over time, the projects will develop plants that are specially suited for the Bay Area’s unique microclimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, seed saving isn’t quite as simple as it seems. With plants like bean and tomatoes that largely self-pollinate, the seeds you save will most likely look their their parents. Other plants are a little more promiscuous. If you grow several kinds of squash, for example, or your neighbor is growing a different kind of squash, a few insects can cross-pollinate those plants. Those seed may sprout something surprising next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mat Rogers of the Backyard Seed Vault recommends keeping it simple: start with plants that have easily saved seeds and work your way up. And don’t forget that gardening is always an experiment. Here are a few local resources:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/backyard-seed-vault\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Backyard Seed Vault’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/seed-saving-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">seed saving resources\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richmond Grow Seed Lending Library’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/new-to-seed-saving.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">easy and difficult seeds\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ecologycenter.org/basil/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Bay Area Seed Interchange Library\u003c/a> in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Other \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/sister-libraries.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local seed libraries\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.seedsavers.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seed Savers Exchange\u003c/a>, a national network\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/09/17/reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/radio_icon_light2.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">Listen to the Backyard Seed Banks\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.93553 -122.34368\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Today, most backyard gardeners opt for buying seed packets or seedlings at the garden store. But a handful of Bay Area groups are working to create local seed saving networks, where local gardeners can learn to save seeds and share them.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1684974963,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":324},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's Notes: Backyard Seed Banks | KQED","description":"Today, most backyard gardeners opt for buying seed packets or seedlings at the garden store. But a handful of Bay Area groups are working to create local seed saving networks, where local gardeners can learn to save seeds and share them.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's Notes: Backyard Seed Banks","datePublished":"2010-09-17T19:00:52.000Z","dateModified":"2023-05-25T00:36:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/quest/8086/reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/4-47Seeds_300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the summer growing season winds down, most backyard gardeners are harvesting the last few cherry tomatoes and basil leaves out of their gardens. Seeds, on the other hand, are something few gardeners gather anymore.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seed saving is a technique that stretches to the very beginning of human agriculture. Farmers select their best crops, save the seeds and use them for the next growing season. Today, most backyard gardeners opt for buying seed packets or seedlings at the garden store. But a handful of Bay Area groups are working to create local seed saving networks, where local gardeners can learn to save seeds and share them. The idea is that, over time, the projects will develop plants that are specially suited for the Bay Area’s unique microclimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, seed saving isn’t quite as simple as it seems. With plants like bean and tomatoes that largely self-pollinate, the seeds you save will most likely look their their parents. Other plants are a little more promiscuous. If you grow several kinds of squash, for example, or your neighbor is growing a different kind of squash, a few insects can cross-pollinate those plants. Those seed may sprout something surprising next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mat Rogers of the Backyard Seed Vault recommends keeping it simple: start with plants that have easily saved seeds and work your way up. And don’t forget that gardening is always an experiment. Here are a few local resources:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/backyard-seed-vault\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Backyard Seed Vault’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://agrariana.org/seeds/seed-saving-resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">seed saving resources\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richmond Grow Seed Lending Library’s\u003c/a> list of \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/new-to-seed-saving.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">easy and difficult seeds\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ecologycenter.org/basil/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Bay Area Seed Interchange Library\u003c/a> in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Other \u003ca href=\"http://www.richmondgrows.org/sister-libraries.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local seed libraries\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.seedsavers.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Seed Savers Exchange\u003c/a>, a national network\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/09/17/reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks/\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/09/radio_icon_light2.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/backyard-seed-banks\">Listen to the Backyard Seed Banks\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.93553 -122.34368\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/8086/reporters-notes-backyard-seed-banks","authors":["239"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_9","quest_3229"],"tags":["quest_85","quest_252","quest_733","quest_848","quest_1171","quest_1172","quest_1197","quest_2579","quest_13364"],"featImg":"quest_8131","label":"quest"},"quest_3015":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_3015","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"3015","score":null,"sort":[1246643601000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","title":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","publishDate":1246643601,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/corpse_flower.jpg\">\u003cem>Titan Arum, or Corpse Flower\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I first heard of the Corpse flower when I ran smack into a line awaiting entrance into the US National Arboretum in DC. One was inside blooming away and emitting a rancid odor. I was unable to view that particular specimen. But I was able to see one - in the flesh - last Wednesday at the SF State botanical greenhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular specimen was unfortunately not yet in bloom. The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse. When I viewed it on Wednesday, the petals known as the spathe were wrapped around a very large hollow stem known as a spadix. On the outside the spathe were green and you could just see the deep burgundy fray of the interior portion of the spathe. The corpse flower not only emits a rotting meat fragrance when the spathe finally opens. The flower's deep red or burgundy color and texture mimic the texture and appearance of rotting meat. Moreover, during bloom the spadix heats up to the about 98 degrees Farenheit, which helps the perfume permeate the air and further seals the illusion of rotting meat. All these attributes during bloom will then attract carrion-eating beetles and Flesh Flies that it turn pollinate the Corpse Flower in its native tropical forest clime in Sumatra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After viewing the almost three foot Corpse flower personally, I have been following the daily blog about its progress on the Friend of the Greenhouse at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fotgh.com\">www.fotgh.com\u003c/a>. The blog has been updated faithfully by the Greenhouse Manager, Martin Marhoot. Early last week the flower debunked experts by staying closed on the day they had predicted for it to open. It is further being perplexing by given not a rancid odor but one quite sweet and familiar - that of chocolate! This morning, which is Friday, July 3\u003csup>rd\u003c/sup> as I write this, It started to emit this odor. The spadix also increased in girth and it looks now like the spathes will relax and open just in time for fourth of July What kind of scent will waft through Greenhouse is now up for debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.72271054188601 -122.47676610946655\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1246643601,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":411},"headData":{"title":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate? | KQED","description":"The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","datePublished":"2009-07-03T17:53:21.000Z","dateModified":"2009-07-03T17:53:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3015 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=3015","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/07/03/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate/","disqusTitle":"The Corpse Smells of Chocolate?","path":"/quest/3015/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/07/corpse_flower.jpg\">\u003cem>Titan Arum, or Corpse Flower\u003c/em>\u003c/span>I first heard of the Corpse flower when I ran smack into a line awaiting entrance into the US National Arboretum in DC. One was inside blooming away and emitting a rancid odor. I was unable to view that particular specimen. But I was able to see one - in the flesh - last Wednesday at the SF State botanical greenhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular specimen was unfortunately not yet in bloom. The Corpse Flower also known as the Titan Arum is best known for the smell it emits when in bloom. It only blooms for 24 to 48 hours and it emits a smell that can range from rotting garbage to a dead corpse. When I viewed it on Wednesday, the petals known as the spathe were wrapped around a very large hollow stem known as a spadix. On the outside the spathe were green and you could just see the deep burgundy fray of the interior portion of the spathe. The corpse flower not only emits a rotting meat fragrance when the spathe finally opens. The flower's deep red or burgundy color and texture mimic the texture and appearance of rotting meat. Moreover, during bloom the spadix heats up to the about 98 degrees Farenheit, which helps the perfume permeate the air and further seals the illusion of rotting meat. All these attributes during bloom will then attract carrion-eating beetles and Flesh Flies that it turn pollinate the Corpse Flower in its native tropical forest clime in Sumatra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After viewing the almost three foot Corpse flower personally, I have been following the daily blog about its progress on the Friend of the Greenhouse at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fotgh.com\">www.fotgh.com\u003c/a>. The blog has been updated faithfully by the Greenhouse Manager, Martin Marhoot. Early last week the flower debunked experts by staying closed on the day they had predicted for it to open. It is further being perplexing by given not a rancid odor but one quite sweet and familiar - that of chocolate! This morning, which is Friday, July 3\u003csup>rd\u003c/sup> as I write this, It started to emit this odor. The spadix also increased in girth and it looks now like the spathes will relax and open just in time for fourth of July What kind of scent will waft through Greenhouse is now up for debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.72271054188601 -122.47676610946655\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/3015/the-corpse-smells-of-chocolate","authors":["10173"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_704","quest_1171","quest_2052","quest_2524","quest_2606","quest_2666","quest_2948"],"label":"quest"},"quest_17381":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17381","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17381","score":null,"sort":[1184723700000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"attract-native-bees-to-your-garden-web-only","title":"Attract Native Bees to Your Garden (web only)","publishDate":1184723700,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"114d_native_bee_web_extra\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of California entomologist Gordon Frankie is researching what plants are best at luring honey bees and wild bees. Join us as he gives a tour of his garden and bee denizens in downtown Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"University of California entomologist Gordon Frankie is researching what plants are best at luring honey bees and wild bees. Join us as he gives a tour of his garden in downtown Berkeley.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1332444342,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":40},"headData":{"title":"Attract Native Bees to Your Garden (web only) | KQED","description":"University of California entomologist Gordon Frankie is researching what plants are best at luring honey bees and wild bees. 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Join us as he gives a tour of his garden and bee denizens in downtown Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17381/attract-native-bees-to-your-garden-web-only","authors":["10216"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_301","quest_1171","quest_10865","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_2893","quest_3021"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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