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Leaf insect photo by R. Straatman, California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Green\" events, companies, buildings and advocates are enjoying a spotlight as Earth Day approaches, but what about green itself—you know, the color from which the sustainability movement gets its nickname? Lest green be shortchanged this month, I've investigated a selection of plants and animals and their green properties. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a fundamental level, green objects look green because they reflect green wavelengths of light back to our eyes, while absorbing red and yellow. But organisms have evolved to be green for a wide variety of reasons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorophyll comes to mind first, as the pigment which makes most plants green. I’m going to focus on \u003cstrong>green algae\u003c/strong> here because it’s the granddaddy of all the green plants we know today. While red and brown algae are more common in today’s oceans, it’s \u003ca href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/06/0604_wirealgae.html\">green algae that colonized terrestrial environments\u003c/a>. From pond scum to swimming pools and aquarium tanks, it is still found in land-locked freshwater systems. Like the \"higher plants\" which evolved from it, green algae gets its color from chlorophyll, turning sunlight into food, and expelling oxygen into the atmosphere. It thrives in water with easy access to sunlight, places like shallow pools and even the fur of slow-moving sloths. In return for providing an algae-friendly habitat, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.helsinki.fi/research/news/2010/week15.html\">sloth gains a green tint\u003c/a>, helping it blend into its surroundings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next up: \u003cstrong>unripe fruit\u003c/strong>. Bananas, strawberries, peaches and tomatoes are all tart, mealy and green when unripe. Then there are green grapes and green apples; although ripe, they tend to be more tart than their red counterparts. Is green just a sour-puss? Not of its own accord, but it is tied to the chemical process of fruit ripening. Once a fruit has reached its optimal size, a burst of ethylene causes new enzymes to be produced. In addition to breaking down starch and pectin (making fruit softer and sweeter), ethylene breaks down the chlorophyll which helps it grow and appear green. To propagate, these plants need their fruit to be eaten by animals who will go on to drop the seeds across the landscape. Since animals enjoy their fruit soft and sweet -- rather than hard and tart (sound familiar?) -- as chlorophyll breaks down many fruits, the production of brighter yellow and red pigments as a form of advertisement to passing animals. Even those with monochromatic vision can tell the difference between green fruit and fruit that’s ready to eat. \u003ca href=\"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=origin-of-fruit-ripening\">\u003cem>Scientific American\u003c/em> has a great article with more on fruit's ripening process\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the animal world, coloration can serve a multitude of purposes. Muddy-green \u003cstrong>American alligators\u003c/strong> enjoy great camouflage in their swampy homes, allowing them to sneak up on their prey. But camouflage works in both directions. At the opposite end of the food chain, bright green \u003cstrong>leaf insects\u003c/strong> use it to evade detection by predators amongst the trees. Then there's Claude, the albino alligator at the California Academy of Sciences, who lacks pigment, but has been known to grow a mean coat of algae on his back. It's a start, but I don't expect him to blend into his surroundings anytime soon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contrary to popular belief, \u003cstrong>chameleons \u003c/strong>change color not for the purpose of camouflage but in response to changes in their environment and as a means of communication. Color changes occur based on temperature, lighting, time of day, and the individual’s mood. Chameleons get their eye-catching coloration from melanin and chromatophore cells, lying just under a transparent outer layer of skin. Cells near the surface contain red or yellow pigment, and the lower layers contain blue or white. When the pigment shifts within the cells, different colors appear more (or less) intense, showing a range of colors that is unique to each species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For \u003cstrong>green and black poison dart frogs\u003c/strong> in South America, coloration serves as a visual warning sign to predators that they are poisonous, and should be avoided. But it’s not quite that simple. \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/17138-poison-frogs-color-evolution.html\">Poison dart frogs' coloration and patterns evolve on a hyper-local scale\u003c/a>, giving local frogs a hometown advantage when it comes to scaring off predators. Color can range from pale yellow to electric blue or green. In its home turf, predators will recognize a green striped frog as poisonous, but should that frog wander into territory full of yellow spotted frogs of the same species, his warning coloration would not protect him. \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"At a fundamental level, green objects look green because they reflect green wavelengths of light back to our eyes, while absorbing red and yellow. But organisms have evolved to be green for a wide variety of reasons. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443825408,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":768},"headData":{"title":"What Makes It So Easy To Be Green (in Nature)? | KQED","description":"At a fundamental level, green objects look green because they reflect green wavelengths of light back to our eyes, while absorbing red and yellow. But organisms have evolved to be green for a wide variety of reasons. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"35086 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=35086","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/09/what-makes-it-so-easy-to-be-green-in-nature/","disqusTitle":"What Makes It So Easy To Be Green (in Nature)?","path":"/quest/35086/what-makes-it-so-easy-to-be-green-in-nature","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_35087\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/09/what-makes-it-so-easy-to-be-green-in-nature/leaf_insect/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-35087\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/04/leaf_insect-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"Leaf insect camouflage\" title=\"leaf_insect\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-large wp-image-35087\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Camouflage is just one of many reasons for greenness in the natural world. Leaf insect photo by R. Straatman, California Academy of Sciences.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Green\" events, companies, buildings and advocates are enjoying a spotlight as Earth Day approaches, but what about green itself—you know, the color from which the sustainability movement gets its nickname? Lest green be shortchanged this month, I've investigated a selection of plants and animals and their green properties. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a fundamental level, green objects look green because they reflect green wavelengths of light back to our eyes, while absorbing red and yellow. But organisms have evolved to be green for a wide variety of reasons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chlorophyll comes to mind first, as the pigment which makes most plants green. I’m going to focus on \u003cstrong>green algae\u003c/strong> here because it’s the granddaddy of all the green plants we know today. While red and brown algae are more common in today’s oceans, it’s \u003ca href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/06/0604_wirealgae.html\">green algae that colonized terrestrial environments\u003c/a>. From pond scum to swimming pools and aquarium tanks, it is still found in land-locked freshwater systems. Like the \"higher plants\" which evolved from it, green algae gets its color from chlorophyll, turning sunlight into food, and expelling oxygen into the atmosphere. It thrives in water with easy access to sunlight, places like shallow pools and even the fur of slow-moving sloths. In return for providing an algae-friendly habitat, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.helsinki.fi/research/news/2010/week15.html\">sloth gains a green tint\u003c/a>, helping it blend into its surroundings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next up: \u003cstrong>unripe fruit\u003c/strong>. Bananas, strawberries, peaches and tomatoes are all tart, mealy and green when unripe. Then there are green grapes and green apples; although ripe, they tend to be more tart than their red counterparts. Is green just a sour-puss? Not of its own accord, but it is tied to the chemical process of fruit ripening. Once a fruit has reached its optimal size, a burst of ethylene causes new enzymes to be produced. In addition to breaking down starch and pectin (making fruit softer and sweeter), ethylene breaks down the chlorophyll which helps it grow and appear green. To propagate, these plants need their fruit to be eaten by animals who will go on to drop the seeds across the landscape. Since animals enjoy their fruit soft and sweet -- rather than hard and tart (sound familiar?) -- as chlorophyll breaks down many fruits, the production of brighter yellow and red pigments as a form of advertisement to passing animals. Even those with monochromatic vision can tell the difference between green fruit and fruit that’s ready to eat. \u003ca href=\"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=origin-of-fruit-ripening\">\u003cem>Scientific American\u003c/em> has a great article with more on fruit's ripening process\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the animal world, coloration can serve a multitude of purposes. Muddy-green \u003cstrong>American alligators\u003c/strong> enjoy great camouflage in their swampy homes, allowing them to sneak up on their prey. But camouflage works in both directions. At the opposite end of the food chain, bright green \u003cstrong>leaf insects\u003c/strong> use it to evade detection by predators amongst the trees. Then there's Claude, the albino alligator at the California Academy of Sciences, who lacks pigment, but has been known to grow a mean coat of algae on his back. It's a start, but I don't expect him to blend into his surroundings anytime soon. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contrary to popular belief, \u003cstrong>chameleons \u003c/strong>change color not for the purpose of camouflage but in response to changes in their environment and as a means of communication. Color changes occur based on temperature, lighting, time of day, and the individual’s mood. Chameleons get their eye-catching coloration from melanin and chromatophore cells, lying just under a transparent outer layer of skin. Cells near the surface contain red or yellow pigment, and the lower layers contain blue or white. When the pigment shifts within the cells, different colors appear more (or less) intense, showing a range of colors that is unique to each species. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For \u003cstrong>green and black poison dart frogs\u003c/strong> in South America, coloration serves as a visual warning sign to predators that they are poisonous, and should be avoided. But it’s not quite that simple. \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/17138-poison-frogs-color-evolution.html\">Poison dart frogs' coloration and patterns evolve on a hyper-local scale\u003c/a>, giving local frogs a hometown advantage when it comes to scaring off predators. Color can range from pale yellow to electric blue or green. In its home turf, predators will recognize a green striped frog as poisonous, but should that frog wander into territory full of yellow spotted frogs of the same species, his warning coloration would not protect him. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/35086/what-makes-it-so-easy-to-be-green-in-nature","authors":["10317"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_116","quest_123","quest_439","quest_468","quest_10966","quest_587","quest_10600","quest_3351","quest_10965","quest_2349","quest_13"],"featImg":"quest_35087","label":"quest"},"quest_29032":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_29032","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"29032","score":null,"sort":[1325520047000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"homegrown-fruit-in-the-new-year","title":"Homegrown Fruit in the New Year","publishDate":1325520047,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ScionExchange2009.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ScionExchange2009-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"ScionExchange2009\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-29034\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is your new year’s resolution to eat more fruits and veggies? Or eat more local produce? You can do both at once by growing your own fruit—you can’t get more local than fruit you harvest in your own backyard. Start by going to a \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/scionex.htm\">scion exchange\u003c/a>, where local rare fruit enthusiasts take cuttings from their fruit trees and swap them for other varietals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/index.html\">California Rare Fruit Growers\u003c/a> (CRFG) hold these exchanges in the winter, when fruit trees are dormant. It’s a good time to clip the pencil-thin branches that have grown in the past year—called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/what_is_a_scion_exchange.htm\">scion\u003c/a>—and graft these branches onto other plants. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/index.htm\">Golden Gate Chapter\u003c/a> of the CRFG is holding its annual scion exchange on Saturday, January 21 at Laney College in Oakland. Check \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/local.html\">this list\u003c/a> to find your local chapter and its upcoming scion exchange. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you go to the exchange, make a wish list of the types of fruit trees you want to acquire. (The cuttings are free—donated by individuals—but the organization usually requests a small donation. The Golden Gate Chapter requests $4, but they note that no one is turned away for lack of funds.) Base your list on the types of fruit you like to eat, and the climate where you live. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important measure of climate is the number of chill hours an area receives: the cumulative number of hours throughout the winter when the temperature is between 32 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Find out \u003ca href=\"http://fruitsandnuts.ucdavis.edu/chillcalc/index1.htm\">the number of chill hours for your area\u003c/a>, so you know what kinds of fruit trees to choose. For example, the Oakland Hills, where I live, get about 400 chill hours. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/MakingtheBestFINAL4.pdf\">Making the Best of the Scion Exchange guide \u003c/a>from the Golden Gate Chapter of the CRFG, the best trees for my cool summers and mild winters are lemons and something called feijoa (a.k.a. the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acca_sellowiana\">guavasteen\u003c/a>). It isn’t cold enough for apples, nor is it warm enough for grapes. Also think about your yard’s aspect: if you are on a north-facing slope, you’ll probably get more chill hours than if you’re on a south-facing hillside, which tends to get more sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’ve made your list and acquired the scions you want at a scion exchange, the next step is to graft these on to existing plants. You can use rootstock, which are young plants that are grown for grafting. Or you can graft onto an established tree that is already growing in your backyard, a practice known as top working. Some plants can be grafted only onto the same kind of tree—like apples to apples, quince to quince. Others can be grafted onto other types of trees—for example, pears can be grafted onto quince trees (if you happen to have one of those in your backyard). You can get rootstocks at the scion exchange, and (more importantly) advice on how to graft; there are several grafting workshops at the Golden Gate event on January 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One more thing to think about as you make your wish list: if you’re planning to grow multiple trees, you want to stagger your harvest throughout the year, so you aren’t inundated with fruit all at once. Or, if you’re planning to make jam or to dry your fruit to save it for later, maybe a bountiful harvest is okay. Here’s to a fruit-filled 2012!\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Is your new year’s resolution to eat more fruits and veggies? Or eat more local produce? You can do both at once by growing your own fruit—you can’t get more local than fruit you harvest in your own backyard. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1326485667,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":603},"headData":{"title":"Homegrown Fruit in the New Year | KQED","description":"Is your new year’s resolution to eat more fruits and veggies? Or eat more local produce? You can do both at once by growing your own fruit—you can’t get more local than fruit you harvest in your own backyard. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":""},"disqusIdentifier":"29032 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=29032","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/01/02/homegrown-fruit-in-the-new-year/","disqusTitle":"Homegrown Fruit in the New Year","path":"/quest/29032/homegrown-fruit-in-the-new-year","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ScionExchange2009.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/01/ScionExchange2009-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"ScionExchange2009\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-29034\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is your new year’s resolution to eat more fruits and veggies? Or eat more local produce? You can do both at once by growing your own fruit—you can’t get more local than fruit you harvest in your own backyard. Start by going to a \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/scionex.htm\">scion exchange\u003c/a>, where local rare fruit enthusiasts take cuttings from their fruit trees and swap them for other varietals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/index.html\">California Rare Fruit Growers\u003c/a> (CRFG) hold these exchanges in the winter, when fruit trees are dormant. It’s a good time to clip the pencil-thin branches that have grown in the past year—called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/what_is_a_scion_exchange.htm\">scion\u003c/a>—and graft these branches onto other plants. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/index.htm\">Golden Gate Chapter\u003c/a> of the CRFG is holding its annual scion exchange on Saturday, January 21 at Laney College in Oakland. Check \u003ca href=\"http://crfg.org/local.html\">this list\u003c/a> to find your local chapter and its upcoming scion exchange. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you go to the exchange, make a wish list of the types of fruit trees you want to acquire. (The cuttings are free—donated by individuals—but the organization usually requests a small donation. The Golden Gate Chapter requests $4, but they note that no one is turned away for lack of funds.) Base your list on the types of fruit you like to eat, and the climate where you live. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important measure of climate is the number of chill hours an area receives: the cumulative number of hours throughout the winter when the temperature is between 32 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Find out \u003ca href=\"http://fruitsandnuts.ucdavis.edu/chillcalc/index1.htm\">the number of chill hours for your area\u003c/a>, so you know what kinds of fruit trees to choose. For example, the Oakland Hills, where I live, get about 400 chill hours. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.crfg.org/chapters/golden_gate/MakingtheBestFINAL4.pdf\">Making the Best of the Scion Exchange guide \u003c/a>from the Golden Gate Chapter of the CRFG, the best trees for my cool summers and mild winters are lemons and something called feijoa (a.k.a. the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acca_sellowiana\">guavasteen\u003c/a>). It isn’t cold enough for apples, nor is it warm enough for grapes. Also think about your yard’s aspect: if you are on a north-facing slope, you’ll probably get more chill hours than if you’re on a south-facing hillside, which tends to get more sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’ve made your list and acquired the scions you want at a scion exchange, the next step is to graft these on to existing plants. You can use rootstock, which are young plants that are grown for grafting. Or you can graft onto an established tree that is already growing in your backyard, a practice known as top working. Some plants can be grafted only onto the same kind of tree—like apples to apples, quince to quince. Others can be grafted onto other types of trees—for example, pears can be grafted onto quince trees (if you happen to have one of those in your backyard). You can get rootstocks at the scion exchange, and (more importantly) advice on how to graft; there are several grafting workshops at the Golden Gate event on January 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One more thing to think about as you make your wish list: if you’re planning to grow multiple trees, you want to stagger your harvest throughout the year, so you aren’t inundated with fruit all at once. Or, if you’re planning to make jam or to dry your fruit to save it for later, maybe a bountiful harvest is okay. Here’s to a fruit-filled 2012!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/29032/homegrown-fruit-in-the-new-year","authors":["10200"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_10601","quest_10600","quest_13202"],"featImg":"quest_29034","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. 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