^{Mount Diablo is seen with its foothills from Wildcat Canyon Road near Inspiration Point in the Berkeley Hills. Photo courtesy Seán O'Hara of Flickr under Creative commons license. Photos by Andrew Alden unless otherwise indicated.}

Mount Diablo, in the heart of the East Bay, is an interesting mountain in many ways. It has fossils. It has a lot of serpentinite in it, with the accompanying serpentine plant community. It's been mined for mercury and other metals. It's an exceptional structure even in a region of crazy-complicated tectonic structures. But I expect to get into the geological details some other time. Because first of all, Mount Diablo is just there.

Mount Diablo was always a landmark, so widely visible around the Bay and central California that in 1851 its peak was named the base line for land divisions. Around here and across the majority of California and all of Nevada, every township and section is numbered in relation to the north-south Mt. Diablo Meridian and the east-west Mt. Diablo Base Line. (Full details are given by the Mount Diablo Surveyors Historical Society.)

Today few of us have any awareness of land division, and we can simply enjoy the peak's prominence as we drive Bay Area roads or hike the hills. Around the Bay proper, Mount Diablo peeks over the Berkeley Hills as seen from Corona Heights in San Francisco . . .

. . . or from the hills above Marin City, where the "devil's mountain" overlooks Angel Island.

To see the peak's full extent we need to cross the hills of the East Bay, or at least climb them. Here the mountain is seen from the Los Buellis Hills, east of San Jose, looking up the valley formed by the Calaveras fault.

Once over the hills, your every vista centers around Diablo whether it's the view from Oakland . . .

. . . or from the Tassajara Valley . . .

. . . or from the Delta:

_{Photo courtesy Mark Johnson of Flickr under Creative Commons license}

On Interstate 5, Mount Diablo can be spotted from the Dunnigan Hills in the north to near Patterson in the south. From state route 99 it's visible from a much longer stretch, but only if the conditions are right. In fact, instead of driving everywhere to determine Mount Diablo's viewshed, it's more efficient to visit the peak itself on a perfect day and look outward. There's a handy sign pointing out what's possible on a perfect day.

_{Photo courtesy George Kelly of Flickr under Creative Commons license}

I've been up there on a perfect day, and while it's not geometrically possible, atmospheric refraction has allowed me to spot Mount Shasta. An example of a typical excellent (not perfect) day shows Pyramid Peak in the central Sierra Nevada.

_{Photo courtesy advencap of Flickr under Creative Commons license}

Such days were once more common. A. J. McCall, standing at the Sierra's crest on September 7, 1849, recorded "a picture of wonderful grandeur and magnificence":

"Below were a succession of innumerable pine-covered mountain peaks, growing less and less until they disappeared in a broad, yellow valley sweeping north and south until lost to view, and beyond another range of mountains. This was the far-famed Sacramento Valley, nearly a hundred miles distant. The purity of the atmosphere rendered vision almost illimitable, showing every line and shadow distinctly." (source)

Today the activities of ten million modern Californians make such purity almost unattainable—especially around Labor Day.

There's a common belief that when pioneer scout Kit Carson guided the Fremont Expedition over the Sierra in the winter of 1844 (at today's Carson Pass), he recognized his position by spotting Mount Diablo: "There is the little mountain—it is 15 years since I saw it; but I am just as sure as if I had seen it yesterday." But Bob Graham and Peter Lathrop argue convincingly that it was not Diablo, but the whole Coast Range that Carson meant. That's too bad; it was a good story.

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For those in the East Bay, a lush green lawn for
lounging may become a thing of the past.
Photo Credit Michele Nikoloff

It was the talk of my Wednesday morning Pilates class. "I'm letting my lawn die, but saving the plants. Plants are harder to replace." "We only lived in our house six months last year! How are we going to reduce 19 percent of nothing?" "We get our irrigation water from a creek." "We don't have any grass."

This was in response to the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) declaring a water emergency and implementing water-rationing rules, to begin August 1. Residential customers in single-family homes must cut back their water use by 19 percent compared to their average over the past three years. Apartment dwellers only have to cut back 11 percent. No washing your car without a shut-off nozzle. No washing down sidewalks or driveways, and any fountains and ponds should be filled with recycled water only.

Anyone who uses less than 100 gallons of water a day is off the hook. Prices for water over 100 gallons per day will increase 10 percent. Those who don't cut back at least 10 percent will have to pay $2 for every 750 gallons of water they use over that amount. EBMUD is hiring water police to patrol the neighborhoods looking for water wasters. You'll get some warnings for breaking the rules, but repeat offenders could have their water cut off.

For those of us who live east of the Caldecott Tunnel, cutting back almost 20 percent means that lawns will have to die. Most of our water use, on average, goes to keep landscaping alive. My wife and I are letting most of our front lawn return to dessert. We will eventually have what's left of the grass torn out and replaced with native, water-sipping plants and lots and lots of mulch. (Right now landscapers are pretty busy.) Those who live west of the Caldecott will have an easier time saving water because it is on average cooler than on the east side, and lawns in places like Oakland, Berkeley, and El Cerrito are relatively small. They will have to save on indoor water use, however.

For help on saving water, and to find out how to get free low-flow fixtures for your home, go to the EBMUD Web site, www.ebmud.com. There is a bonus to saving water indoors. Saving hot water by using low-flow showerheads, showering or bathing every other day, washing only full loads of dishes in your dishwasher, washing only full loads of laundry in your washing machine, and using cold water laundry detergent, will save you energy and money as well as water. For those of us who don't yet have dual-flush toilets that flush a little for number 1 and more for number 2, it's good to remember the mantra of the 1970s water crisis, "If it's brown, flush it down. If it's yellow, let it mellow." You better explain that to the houseguest you host this summer from the flooded Midwest.

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