Gulls Threaten South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Work
Bioplastic Boom
From Salt Ponds to Wetlands
Sponsored
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Photo: Lauren Sommer.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What do Bay Area airports and some big Silicon Valley companies have in common? They sit right on the edge of San Francisco Bay, where sea level rise is expected to have a big impact by the end of the century. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may seem far in the future, but state agencies are preparing for climate change now by writing new rules for construction along the bay's shoreline. As you can imagine, developers and environmentalists aren't exactly seeing eye to eye. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's evident on a patch of land at the edge of the bay in Redwood City. For more than a century, it's been home to one thing: salt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As you look out, you can see it looks sort of like a frozen pond,\" says David Smith, a Senior Vice President with DMB Associates. He's standing next to flat, industrial ponds filled with crystallizing salt. \"On a typical season, you would hope to establish a layer of 8 to 12 inches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cargill.com/salt/\">Cargill Salt\u003c/a> owns these ponds as part of their salt-harvesting operations. Smith is with a developer that's working with Cargill on a different vision for these more than 1400 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Welcome to the Redwood City Saltworks site,\" he says. \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcsaltworks.com/\">Saltworks\u003c/a> is DMB's proposal for 8,000 to 12,000 new housing units. \"Half of the site would be dedicated to open spaces uses including tidal marsh restoration and then the other half would be this integrated, transit-oriented development.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith says it's housing that's sorely needed in the Bay Area. \"You have had the explosion of economic success of Silicon Valley. We should be ashamed of our inability or unwillingness to provide housing to support those workers and that economic activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Lewis, Executive Director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>, is on the other side of the issue. \"This site is not a site for housing,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Salt ponds in Redwood City are actually one of the last unprotected areas that could be restored to tidal marsh for San Francisco Bay.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems like a pretty typical story: a developer wants prime land to build on and environmental groups want to see wildlife habitat restored. But there's a twist, as David Smith points to on one particular map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay Waters Rising\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're looking at is a blue inundation zone and it depicts the projections for sea level rise for the region around Redwood City,\" Smith says, pointing to map showing the low-lying parts of the bay's shoreline at risk from sea level rise – which includes the land we're standing on. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith says their plan calls for a three mile levee to protect the development from the bay. Projections from state scientists show sea level could rise by nearly six feet by the end of the century. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd like to ignore it. But if we ignore it, we're ignoring it at our own economic peril,\" says Will Travis, Executive Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/\">Bay Conservation and Development Commission\u003c/a>. BCDC is the state agency with jurisdiction over the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're building things now that will be around for a hundred years. And we should, we believe, think about how those cities, how those communities will remain viable and sustainable,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BCDC is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/proposed_bay_plan/bp_amend_1-08.shtml\">writing new regulations\u003c/a> for development along the shore, which they'll use in future permitting decisions. They've been guided by a state plan from the Schwarzenegger administration called the California Climate Adaptation Strategy. It discourages building in low-lying areas and encourages wetland restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wetlands are wonderful for dealing with climate change. Wetlands soak up flood water. So the wider the wetland in the front, the lower the levee can be in the back,\" says Travis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Battle Over Shoreline Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when BCDC released the first draft of its new development policy two years ago, the agency faced a wave of protest, especially from folks who see bay front property as prime real estate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It tried to do too much too fast,\" says Jim Wunderman, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/\">Bay Area Council\u003c/a>, a group representing business interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should be absolutely concerned about sea level rise, but we shouldn't allow the concern about it to say let's just stop doing everything,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of bay-front cities had the same complaint. Public meetings got ugly. \"People said things that they probably weren't proud of when the meeting was over and I know we've had epithets hurled at us,\" says Wunderman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So BCDC backed off a little, saying that new development would be considered on a case by case basis. David Lewis of Save the Bay says those changes concern him, because the policy is leading the way for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most small cities don't have the resources to change the way they plan and permit developments with a big change like sea level rise. I think BCDC's at the forefront and it should be brave about doing the right thing,\" says Lewis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Travis of BCDC says the changes were necessary, so the plan works for the dozens of cities it involves. \"We want to achieve environmental protection. We have to, but not at the expense of regional prosperity. So we're trying to achieve that balance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge, Travis says, is making a global issue like climate change part of regional planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A society likes dealing with climate change at the abstract. It's when you actually get down to doing something about it that people have concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BCDC expects to finalize the sea level rise policy that will govern development along San Francisco Bay for years to come.\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003ch3>Additional Links\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/proposed_bay_plan/bp_amend_1-08.shtml\">More about BCDC's Sea Level Rise Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/planning/climate_change/index_map.shtml\">San Francisco Bay Sea Level Rise Map\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"What do Bay Area airports and some big Silicon Valley companies have in common? They sit right on the edge of San Francisco Bay, where sea level rise is expected to have a big impact by the end of the century. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1313430366,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":998},"headData":{"title":"Rough Waters for Sea Level Rise Planning | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Rough Waters for Sea Level Rise Planning","datePublished":"2011-07-29T19:00:42.000Z","dateModified":"2011-08-15T17:46:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"21396 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/29/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning/","disqusTitle":"Rough Waters for Sea Level Rise Planning","path":"/quest/21396/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/08/2011-08-01-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/08/2011-08-01-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_21399\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Saltworks-640.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Saltworks-640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Saltworks-640\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-21399\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salt ponds in Redwood City where the new Saltworks development is proposed. Photo: Lauren Sommer.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What do Bay Area airports and some big Silicon Valley companies have in common? They sit right on the edge of San Francisco Bay, where sea level rise is expected to have a big impact by the end of the century. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may seem far in the future, but state agencies are preparing for climate change now by writing new rules for construction along the bay's shoreline. As you can imagine, developers and environmentalists aren't exactly seeing eye to eye. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's evident on a patch of land at the edge of the bay in Redwood City. For more than a century, it's been home to one thing: salt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As you look out, you can see it looks sort of like a frozen pond,\" says David Smith, a Senior Vice President with DMB Associates. He's standing next to flat, industrial ponds filled with crystallizing salt. \"On a typical season, you would hope to establish a layer of 8 to 12 inches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cargill.com/salt/\">Cargill Salt\u003c/a> owns these ponds as part of their salt-harvesting operations. Smith is with a developer that's working with Cargill on a different vision for these more than 1400 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Welcome to the Redwood City Saltworks site,\" he says. \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcsaltworks.com/\">Saltworks\u003c/a> is DMB's proposal for 8,000 to 12,000 new housing units. \"Half of the site would be dedicated to open spaces uses including tidal marsh restoration and then the other half would be this integrated, transit-oriented development.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith says it's housing that's sorely needed in the Bay Area. \"You have had the explosion of economic success of Silicon Valley. We should be ashamed of our inability or unwillingness to provide housing to support those workers and that economic activity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Lewis, Executive Director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>, is on the other side of the issue. \"This site is not a site for housing,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Salt ponds in Redwood City are actually one of the last unprotected areas that could be restored to tidal marsh for San Francisco Bay.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seems like a pretty typical story: a developer wants prime land to build on and environmental groups want to see wildlife habitat restored. But there's a twist, as David Smith points to on one particular map.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay Waters Rising\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're looking at is a blue inundation zone and it depicts the projections for sea level rise for the region around Redwood City,\" Smith says, pointing to map showing the low-lying parts of the bay's shoreline at risk from sea level rise – which includes the land we're standing on. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith says their plan calls for a three mile levee to protect the development from the bay. Projections from state scientists show sea level could rise by nearly six feet by the end of the century. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'd like to ignore it. But if we ignore it, we're ignoring it at our own economic peril,\" says Will Travis, Executive Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/\">Bay Conservation and Development Commission\u003c/a>. BCDC is the state agency with jurisdiction over the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're building things now that will be around for a hundred years. And we should, we believe, think about how those cities, how those communities will remain viable and sustainable,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BCDC is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/proposed_bay_plan/bp_amend_1-08.shtml\">writing new regulations\u003c/a> for development along the shore, which they'll use in future permitting decisions. They've been guided by a state plan from the Schwarzenegger administration called the California Climate Adaptation Strategy. It discourages building in low-lying areas and encourages wetland restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wetlands are wonderful for dealing with climate change. Wetlands soak up flood water. So the wider the wetland in the front, the lower the levee can be in the back,\" says Travis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Battle Over Shoreline Rules\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when BCDC released the first draft of its new development policy two years ago, the agency faced a wave of protest, especially from folks who see bay front property as prime real estate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It tried to do too much too fast,\" says Jim Wunderman, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacouncil.org/\">Bay Area Council\u003c/a>, a group representing business interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should be absolutely concerned about sea level rise, but we shouldn't allow the concern about it to say let's just stop doing everything,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of bay-front cities had the same complaint. Public meetings got ugly. \"People said things that they probably weren't proud of when the meeting was over and I know we've had epithets hurled at us,\" says Wunderman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So BCDC backed off a little, saying that new development would be considered on a case by case basis. David Lewis of Save the Bay says those changes concern him, because the policy is leading the way for others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Most small cities don't have the resources to change the way they plan and permit developments with a big change like sea level rise. I think BCDC's at the forefront and it should be brave about doing the right thing,\" says Lewis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Travis of BCDC says the changes were necessary, so the plan works for the dozens of cities it involves. \"We want to achieve environmental protection. We have to, but not at the expense of regional prosperity. So we're trying to achieve that balance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge, Travis says, is making a global issue like climate change part of regional planning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A society likes dealing with climate change at the abstract. It's when you actually get down to doing something about it that people have concerns.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, BCDC expects to finalize the sea level rise policy that will govern development along San Francisco Bay for years to come.\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003ch3>Additional Links\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/proposed_bay_plan/bp_amend_1-08.shtml\">More about BCDC's Sea Level Rise Plan\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/planning/climate_change/index_map.shtml\">San Francisco Bay Sea Level Rise Map\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/21396/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning","authors":["239"],"categories":["quest_8","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_284","quest_340","quest_9791","quest_9821","quest_9818","quest_13203","quest_13202","quest_2423","quest_2483","quest_9820","quest_9819"],"collections":["quest_3359"],"featImg":"quest_21399","label":"quest_3359"},"quest_20389":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_20389","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"20389","score":null,"sort":[1310763611000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"gulls-threaten-south-bay-salt-pond-restoration-work","title":"Gulls Threaten South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Work","publishDate":1310763611,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3359,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-07-18-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20423\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-20423\" title=\"Gull-photo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Gull-photo-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A California gull tagged by USGS scientists. Credit: Josh Ackerman/USGS\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the most ambitious wetland restoration projects in the country is underway in San Francisco Bay. For more than a century, the South Bay shoreline has been home to industrial salt ponds. Now, thousands of acres of those ponds are being restored for shorebirds and wildlife. But that is creating an opportunity for a very problematic bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area's gulls are well-known to San Francisco Giants fans. At one recent game, as the Giants staged a late comeback during the ninth inning hundreds of gulls appeared out of the night sky. Like clockwork, they show up just before the game ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't ask me how. They just know,\" says Mike Krukow, a broadcaster with the Giants. \"They come in and it's always with two outs to go in the ninth inning and there they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attraction, of course, is the food. \"It's pizza. They've got garlic fries. They really love the garlic fries by the way,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How gulls time their arrival so well is a little bit of a mystery. But their numbers have grown so high that the ballpark is considering bringing in a falcon to scare them away. But that's not possible everywhere...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>South Bay Shorebirds on the Menu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the southern end of the bay near Alviso, a crew from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/\">US Geological Survey\u003c/a> is working on a small island in the middle of a former salt pond. It's home to a colony of \u003ca href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Forsters_Tern/lifehistory\">Forster's terns\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hey, what was the band number on that chick?\" asks Garth Herring, one of the scientists on the project. The team measures and bands the small, speckled tern chicks. A few of them get radio transmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When that transmitter is attached to a live chick, the transmitter beeps at a very specific rate,\" says Herring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the chick dies, the beep slows down. But you might wonder – why do they need to know if a chick is dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to the north of us roughly about a mile, there's one of the largest \u003ca href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/california_gull/id\">California gull\u003c/a> colonies. They'll come in, grab the chick. And they get back to the gull colony and they regurgitate to their chicks,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At which point the tern chick – and transmitter – is inside the gull – until it passes through, that is. That's when Herring and his team go looking for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's pretty common that we find just a small pile of bones, the radio transmitter and the band that was associated with that Forster's tern chick,\" says Herring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herring says they've found that gulls only prey on the terns at certain times of day. \"It's timed pretty well with when the local landfill sites are closing down. They're flying back to the colonies and are picking up chicks probably around 6 o'clock on average.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, 40 percent of the tern chicks they tagged were eaten by gulls. \"It certainly does suggest that California gulls do have the potential to have a big impact on these breeding water birds here,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gulls Gone Wild\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're the big bully,\" says Cheryl Strong , a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. \"They're very opportunistic and they do really well with humans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California gulls didn't always call San Francisco Bay home. In the 1980s, a small group began nesting on one of the salt ponds. Now, that population has exploded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California gulls are one of the earliest nesting species and they're also probably the most aggressive. So they show up first that they can easily take over an area,\" says Strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\">South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project\u003c/a> has spent millions restoring pond habitat for Forster's terns, American avocets and the threatened western snowy plover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's a conservation Catch-22. As more habitat is restored for shorebirds, it also creates more habitat for gulls. And as former salt ponds are flooded during the restoration, the gulls are looking for new places to nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With 40,000 gulls, there's not a lot of room for other birds,\" says Strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong says the Fish and Wildlife Service is writing a plan to manage the gulls. One option is killing the birds. But gulls can live up to 25 years and with an endless food source at landfills nearby, she says there's only so much they could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're talking about removing birds lethally, it's just not feasible. They are a part of our landscape, like it or not,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, they're trying something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gull Hazing Underway\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So up ahead there are some gulls doing some courtship behaviors on the levee which is definitely a bad sign,\" says Caitlin Robinson-Nilsen of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbbo.org/\">San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory\u003c/a>. She's looking at a large flock of gulls on a salt pond near Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is one of the areas where we definitely don't want them to nest. One of the salt ponds we're standing right next to is a historic nesting site of the western snowy plover.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Robinson-Nilsen's job is to haze the gulls. She uses a whistle and walks down the levee. The gulls aren't happy about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They'll dive bomb you and hit you in your head. They're very good at pooping you. They have pretty good aim that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson-Nislen says they're hazing gulls twice a day to keep them from nesting next to sensitive shorebirds. So far, it looks like it's working. But with millions of tax dollars being spent on restoring more habitat, biologists expect they'll be doing a lot more gull management in the years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>Additional Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\">South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/outreach.aspx?RecordID=54\">Help Track the California Gull\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"One of the most ambitious wetland restoration projects in the country is underway in San Francisco Bay. Thousands of acres of those ponds are being restored for shorebirds and wildlife. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1443826119,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":34,"wordCount":1010},"headData":{"title":"Gulls Threaten South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Work | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Gulls Threaten South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Work","datePublished":"2011-07-15T21:00:11.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-02T22:48:39.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"20389 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/gulls-threaten-south-bay-salt-pond-restoration-work/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/15/gulls-threaten-south-bay-salt-pond-restoration-work/","disqusTitle":"Gulls Threaten South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Work","path":"/quest/20389/gulls-threaten-south-bay-salt-pond-restoration-work","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-07-18-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-07-18-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20423\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-20423\" title=\"Gull-photo\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Gull-photo-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A California gull tagged by USGS scientists. Credit: Josh Ackerman/USGS\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of the most ambitious wetland restoration projects in the country is underway in San Francisco Bay. For more than a century, the South Bay shoreline has been home to industrial salt ponds. Now, thousands of acres of those ponds are being restored for shorebirds and wildlife. But that is creating an opportunity for a very problematic bird.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area's gulls are well-known to San Francisco Giants fans. At one recent game, as the Giants staged a late comeback during the ninth inning hundreds of gulls appeared out of the night sky. Like clockwork, they show up just before the game ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't ask me how. They just know,\" says Mike Krukow, a broadcaster with the Giants. \"They come in and it's always with two outs to go in the ninth inning and there they are.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attraction, of course, is the food. \"It's pizza. They've got garlic fries. They really love the garlic fries by the way,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How gulls time their arrival so well is a little bit of a mystery. But their numbers have grown so high that the ballpark is considering bringing in a falcon to scare them away. But that's not possible everywhere...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>South Bay Shorebirds on the Menu\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the southern end of the bay near Alviso, a crew from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/\">US Geological Survey\u003c/a> is working on a small island in the middle of a former salt pond. It's home to a colony of \u003ca href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Forsters_Tern/lifehistory\">Forster's terns\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Hey, what was the band number on that chick?\" asks Garth Herring, one of the scientists on the project. The team measures and bands the small, speckled tern chicks. A few of them get radio transmitters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When that transmitter is attached to a live chick, the transmitter beeps at a very specific rate,\" says Herring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the chick dies, the beep slows down. But you might wonder – why do they need to know if a chick is dead?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to the north of us roughly about a mile, there's one of the largest \u003ca href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/california_gull/id\">California gull\u003c/a> colonies. They'll come in, grab the chick. And they get back to the gull colony and they regurgitate to their chicks,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At which point the tern chick – and transmitter – is inside the gull – until it passes through, that is. That's when Herring and his team go looking for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's pretty common that we find just a small pile of bones, the radio transmitter and the band that was associated with that Forster's tern chick,\" says Herring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herring says they've found that gulls only prey on the terns at certain times of day. \"It's timed pretty well with when the local landfill sites are closing down. They're flying back to the colonies and are picking up chicks probably around 6 o'clock on average.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, 40 percent of the tern chicks they tagged were eaten by gulls. \"It certainly does suggest that California gulls do have the potential to have a big impact on these breeding water birds here,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gulls Gone Wild\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're the big bully,\" says Cheryl Strong , a biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. \"They're very opportunistic and they do really well with humans.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California gulls didn't always call San Francisco Bay home. In the 1980s, a small group began nesting on one of the salt ponds. Now, that population has exploded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California gulls are one of the earliest nesting species and they're also probably the most aggressive. So they show up first that they can easily take over an area,\" says Strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\">South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project\u003c/a> has spent millions restoring pond habitat for Forster's terns, American avocets and the threatened western snowy plover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's a conservation Catch-22. As more habitat is restored for shorebirds, it also creates more habitat for gulls. And as former salt ponds are flooded during the restoration, the gulls are looking for new places to nest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With 40,000 gulls, there's not a lot of room for other birds,\" says Strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strong says the Fish and Wildlife Service is writing a plan to manage the gulls. One option is killing the birds. But gulls can live up to 25 years and with an endless food source at landfills nearby, she says there's only so much they could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're talking about removing birds lethally, it's just not feasible. They are a part of our landscape, like it or not,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, they're trying something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gull Hazing Underway\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So up ahead there are some gulls doing some courtship behaviors on the levee which is definitely a bad sign,\" says Caitlin Robinson-Nilsen of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbbo.org/\">San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory\u003c/a>. She's looking at a large flock of gulls on a salt pond near Fremont.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is one of the areas where we definitely don't want them to nest. One of the salt ponds we're standing right next to is a historic nesting site of the western snowy plover.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, Robinson-Nilsen's job is to haze the gulls. She uses a whistle and walks down the levee. The gulls aren't happy about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They'll dive bomb you and hit you in your head. They're very good at pooping you. They have pretty good aim that way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinson-Nislen says they're hazing gulls twice a day to keep them from nesting next to sensitive shorebirds. So far, it looks like it's working. But with millions of tax dollars being spent on restoring more habitat, biologists expect they'll be doing a lot more gull management in the years ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>Additional Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.southbayrestoration.org/\">South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.werc.usgs.gov/outreach.aspx?RecordID=54\">Help Track the California Gull\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/20389/gulls-threaten-south-bay-salt-pond-restoration-work","authors":["239"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_284","quest_340","quest_9791","quest_9821","quest_9818","quest_13203","quest_13","quest_2423","quest_2483","quest_9820","quest_9819"],"collections":["quest_3359"],"featImg":"quest_20423","label":"quest_3359"},"quest_20063":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_20063","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"20063","score":null,"sort":[1310595626000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bioplastic-boom","title":"Bioplastic Boom","publishDate":1310595626,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Recycling in America | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":9815,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-7-15-quest-nebraska-bioplastic.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\n\u003cstrong>Companies like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Heinz ketchup have determined that plastic made from plants -- not oil -- makes sense both for the environment and for business. The growing demand has meant a boom in the bioplastic industry. Could this mean the end of the plastic bottle as we know it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Corn_Field640.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Corn_Field640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Corn_Field640\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-20086\">\u003c/a>In a cornfield west of Lincoln, Nebraska dark green stalks rise chest-high from the soil and wind around the hill in perfect rows. Sunlight flashes on the leaves as they brush against each other in a gust of wind. The field will produce thousands of bushels of corn to be used in products ranging from cattle feed and corn syrup to ethanol and even plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 75 miles away, at a facility near Blair, Nebraska a constant rushing sound comes from long tubes that lead to gleaming steel silos. It sounds like kernels of corn, but it is actually millions of small plastic pellets. The pellets are plastic resin – the raw material for everything from food containers to carpet. For the last 10 years, a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.natureworksllc.com/\">Nature Works\u003c/a> has used corn, instead of oil or natural gas, to make “bioplastic” near Blair. Nature Works is partially owned by the giant ag corporation, Cargill, and makes more bioplastic than any company in the world. Steve Bray is Director of Manufacturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The capacity of the plant is 300 million pounds of polymer per year,” Bray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bioplastic plant has not yet reached that capacity, but it is getting close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the first three years of operation we saw triple-digit growth,” he said. “Almost every year it’s been double-digit growth. When the worldwide economy fell in 2008-2009 that slowed us down, but even then we had growth. Now that the economy is coming back we’re seeing very strong growth again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nature Works production grew in the range of 20-30% in the last year. That kind of growth is happening across the bioplastic industry. Kent Furst is an analyst with the market research firm, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.freedoniagroup.com/\">Freedonia Group\u003c/a>, based in Cleveland. He says even traditional plastic makers are investing bioplastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether you look at it in pounds or dollars, it’s really growing very fast,” Furst said. “We expect the industry to double in size in the next 3 or 4 years.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-20084\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nThat kind of growth is impressive, but bioplastics are actually less than 1 percent of the overall plastics market. Still, Furst says bioplastics are beating even the most optimistic forecasts. So why are companies using more bioplastic now? Furst says consumer interest is part of it. More people are shopping for sustainability. But it is the price of oil that is making it affordable for manufacturers to make the switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the price of oil and natural gas in the early part of the last decade being so low, you didn’t see as much actual market interest in bioplastics,” Furst said. “But as the price of oil and natural gas rose in the later part of the decade I think that’s when you saw how fast bioplastics could be competitive with conventional plastics on price.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Searching the shelves of a supermarket in Lincoln, Nebraska it is still difficult to find bioplastic, but a couple examples show how some major corporations are beginning to buy in. A bag of Sun Chips is made by Frito-Lay, which is owned by \u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21416&q=coca+cola+heinz\">Pepsi Co\u003c/a>. The bag is made from Nature Works bioplastic, so both the container and the food inside are made of corn. Pepsi also announced that it is developing a 100% plant-based soda bottle. An Odwalla juice bottle made by Pepsi’s rival, \u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21787&q=COCA+COLA\">Coca-Cola\u003c/a>, is made with bioplastic from the Brazilian company, Braskem. They make plastic from sugar cane. Coke also announced it is coming out with a soda bottle that is 30% bioplastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all biplastics are made equal and that could start to cause some problems as they become more common. Paul Fowler, Executive Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uwsp.edu/WIST/index.aspx\">Wisconsin Institute for Sustainable Technology\u003c/a>, describes a growing bioplastics divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bioplastic could mean that the material is biodegradable, or it could mean that it’s bio-based, or it could mean that it’s both,” Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The differences in chemistry among bioplastics mean that some plant-based containers are biodegradable but hard to recycle. Others are easy to recycle but do not biodegrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take, for instance, the Sun Chips bag made from Nature Works bioplastic, called PLA for polylactic acid. What sets PLA apart is that it is completely biodegradable, in the right conditions. But not many recyclers handle PLA because it can contaminate the traditional recycling stream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Bioplastic_packaging640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-20053\" title=\"Bioplastic_packaging640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Bioplastic_packaging640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Odwalla bottle on the other hand is made from Braskem bioplastic. It is made from sugar, but after it has been used it is no different from a bottle made from oil. It can be recycled almost anywhere in the country, but it does not biodegrade. So to compost or recycle? Fowler says there is room for both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you consider the landscape for all the various products that are made from plastics, then there is a space for everyone within that landscape,” Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fowler says it does leave consumers with a lot to learn. As more bioplastic shows up on grocery store shelves, sustainable minded consumers will need to be prepared to choose from new shades of green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21732&q=ingeo\">Nature Works picks Asia for second bioplastic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.europeanplasticsnews.com/subscriber/newscat2.html?cat=1&channel=620&id=1298281829\">Nestle looks at bioplastic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.biopolymersummit.com/biopolymers-symposium-agenda.aspx\">2011 Biopolymers Symposium\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Companies like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Heinz ketchup have determined that plastic made from plants -- not oil -- makes sense both for the environment and for business. The growing demand has meant a boom in the bioplastic industry. Could this mean the end of the plastic bottle as we know it?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1321646195,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":965},"headData":{"title":"Bioplastic Boom | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bioplastic Boom","datePublished":"2011-07-13T22:20:26.000Z","dateModified":"2011-11-18T19:56:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"20063 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/bioplastic-boom/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/13/bioplastic-boom/","disqusTitle":"Bioplastic Boom","path":"/quest/20063/bioplastic-boom","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-7-15-quest-nebraska-bioplastic.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/07/2011-7-15-quest-nebraska-bioplastic.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\n\u003cstrong>Companies like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Heinz ketchup have determined that plastic made from plants -- not oil -- makes sense both for the environment and for business. The growing demand has meant a boom in the bioplastic industry. Could this mean the end of the plastic bottle as we know it?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Corn_Field640.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Corn_Field640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Corn_Field640\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-20086\">\u003c/a>In a cornfield west of Lincoln, Nebraska dark green stalks rise chest-high from the soil and wind around the hill in perfect rows. Sunlight flashes on the leaves as they brush against each other in a gust of wind. The field will produce thousands of bushels of corn to be used in products ranging from cattle feed and corn syrup to ethanol and even plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 75 miles away, at a facility near Blair, Nebraska a constant rushing sound comes from long tubes that lead to gleaming steel silos. It sounds like kernels of corn, but it is actually millions of small plastic pellets. The pellets are plastic resin – the raw material for everything from food containers to carpet. For the last 10 years, a company called \u003ca href=\"http://www.natureworksllc.com/\">Nature Works\u003c/a> has used corn, instead of oil or natural gas, to make “bioplastic” near Blair. Nature Works is partially owned by the giant ag corporation, Cargill, and makes more bioplastic than any company in the world. Steve Bray is Director of Manufacturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The capacity of the plant is 300 million pounds of polymer per year,” Bray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bioplastic plant has not yet reached that capacity, but it is getting close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the first three years of operation we saw triple-digit growth,” he said. “Almost every year it’s been double-digit growth. When the worldwide economy fell in 2008-2009 that slowed us down, but even then we had growth. Now that the economy is coming back we’re seeing very strong growth again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nature Works production grew in the range of 20-30% in the last year. That kind of growth is happening across the bioplastic industry. Kent Furst is an analyst with the market research firm, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.freedoniagroup.com/\">Freedonia Group\u003c/a>, based in Cleveland. He says even traditional plastic makers are investing bioplastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether you look at it in pounds or dollars, it’s really growing very fast,” Furst said. “We expect the industry to double in size in the next 3 or 4 years.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"NatureWorks_Ingeo_Pellets640\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-20084\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nThat kind of growth is impressive, but bioplastics are actually less than 1 percent of the overall plastics market. Still, Furst says bioplastics are beating even the most optimistic forecasts. So why are companies using more bioplastic now? Furst says consumer interest is part of it. More people are shopping for sustainability. But it is the price of oil that is making it affordable for manufacturers to make the switch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With the price of oil and natural gas in the early part of the last decade being so low, you didn’t see as much actual market interest in bioplastics,” Furst said. “But as the price of oil and natural gas rose in the later part of the decade I think that’s when you saw how fast bioplastics could be competitive with conventional plastics on price.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Searching the shelves of a supermarket in Lincoln, Nebraska it is still difficult to find bioplastic, but a couple examples show how some major corporations are beginning to buy in. A bag of Sun Chips is made by Frito-Lay, which is owned by \u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21416&q=coca+cola+heinz\">Pepsi Co\u003c/a>. The bag is made from Nature Works bioplastic, so both the container and the food inside are made of corn. Pepsi also announced that it is developing a 100% plant-based soda bottle. An Odwalla juice bottle made by Pepsi’s rival, \u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21787&q=COCA+COLA\">Coca-Cola\u003c/a>, is made with bioplastic from the Brazilian company, Braskem. They make plastic from sugar cane. Coke also announced it is coming out with a soda bottle that is 30% bioplastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But not all biplastics are made equal and that could start to cause some problems as they become more common. Paul Fowler, Executive Director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.uwsp.edu/WIST/index.aspx\">Wisconsin Institute for Sustainable Technology\u003c/a>, describes a growing bioplastics divide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bioplastic could mean that the material is biodegradable, or it could mean that it’s bio-based, or it could mean that it’s both,” Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The differences in chemistry among bioplastics mean that some plant-based containers are biodegradable but hard to recycle. Others are easy to recycle but do not biodegrade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take, for instance, the Sun Chips bag made from Nature Works bioplastic, called PLA for polylactic acid. What sets PLA apart is that it is completely biodegradable, in the right conditions. But not many recyclers handle PLA because it can contaminate the traditional recycling stream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Bioplastic_packaging640.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-20053\" title=\"Bioplastic_packaging640\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Bioplastic_packaging640-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Odwalla bottle on the other hand is made from Braskem bioplastic. It is made from sugar, but after it has been used it is no different from a bottle made from oil. It can be recycled almost anywhere in the country, but it does not biodegrade. So to compost or recycle? Fowler says there is room for both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you consider the landscape for all the various products that are made from plastics, then there is a space for everyone within that landscape,” Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fowler says it does leave consumers with a lot to learn. As more bioplastic shows up on grocery store shelves, sustainable minded consumers will need to be prepared to choose from new shades of green.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.plasticsnews.com/headlines2.html?id=21732&q=ingeo\">Nature Works picks Asia for second bioplastic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.europeanplasticsnews.com/subscriber/newscat2.html?cat=1&channel=620&id=1298281829\">Nestle looks at bioplastic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.biopolymersummit.com/biopolymers-symposium-agenda.aspx\">2011 Biopolymers Symposium\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/20063/bioplastic-boom","authors":["10231"],"series":["quest_9815"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_9788","quest_9789","quest_9790","quest_9791","quest_9792","quest_9793","quest_9794","quest_702","quest_9795","quest_9796","quest_9797","quest_3930","quest_9798","quest_9799","quest_9800","quest_3289","quest_9801","quest_9802"],"featImg":"quest_20053","label":"quest_9815"},"quest_17394":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17394","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17394","score":null,"sort":[1190169000000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"from-salt-ponds-to-wetlands","title":"From Salt Ponds to Wetlands","publishDate":1190169000,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3359,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"119a_salt_ponds\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 100 years, south San Francisco Bay has been a center for industrial salt production. Now federal and state biologists are working on a 40-year, $1 billion project to restore the ponds to healthy wetlands for fish, wildlife and public recreation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"For more than 100 years, south San Francisco Bay has been a center for industrial salt production. Now federal and state biologists are working on a 40-year, $1 billion project to restore the ponds to healthy wetlands for fish, wildlife and public recreation. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366754121,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":49},"headData":{"title":"From Salt Ponds to Wetlands | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"From Salt Ponds to Wetlands","datePublished":"2007-09-19T02:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T21:55:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17394 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/from-salt-ponds-to-wetlands/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/09/18/from-salt-ponds-to-wetlands/","disqusTitle":"From Salt Ponds to Wetlands","path":"/quest/17394/from-salt-ponds-to-wetlands","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"119a_salt_ponds\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 100 years, south San Francisco Bay has been a center for industrial salt production. Now federal and state biologists are working on a 40-year, $1 billion project to restore the ponds to healthy wetlands for fish, wildlife and public recreation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17394/from-salt-ponds-to-wetlands","authors":["10169","10193"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_5","quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_9791","quest_3421","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_2483","quest_2893","quest_3140"],"collections":["quest_3359"],"label":"quest_3359"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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