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It's estimated that more than ten percent of the potential for clean energy in the US sits on land owned by Indian tribes. Some of these tribes are wondering whether green energy projects might be the casinos of the 21st century. But as Amy Standen reports the idea faces some tough obstacles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Casino Sound]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AMY STANDEN: The day the Golden Acorn casino opened, in August of 2001, Monique LaChappa stood right here, near the sliding glass doors, and watched as members of her tribe came in for their first look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONIQUE LACHAPPA: I just watched everyone come in and I just... just the look on the tribal members faces that day... It was so exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: The casino changed everything for the Campo Kumeyaay Nation, a small tribe of 329 people living in the desert mountains 60 miles east of San Diego. It bought a fire department, educational programs, jobs. But one modest casino-- especially in a slow economy-- isn't enough to sustain this community, where unemployment is almost 50 percent. LaChappa-- who serves as tribal chairwoman-- and others here have set their sights on a very different kind of project-- one that sets the Campo apart from any other tribe in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Wind turbine sound]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Here, along a rocky spine of the Laguna Mountains is the only utility-scale wind farm on tribal land in the country, built in 2005. There are two dozen turbines, each 4 stories tall, supplying energy to 35,000 homes in San Diego County. Their huge blades sweep the sky with the steady whoosh of a heartbeat.\u003cbr>\nThis project-- called Kumeyaay 1-- is an enormous source of pride for the Campo people, in part because it makes use of a resource that until recently, didn't seem to offer a lot of options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LACHAPPA: Look where we're located. We're out here in the middle of nowhere. It makes it difficult for anybody who wants to be able to do more for their family, or send their kids to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: But income from this wind farm is limited... because the Campo don't own this project. Instead, they lease the land to a private company. The Campo are in negotiations to build a second wind project, three times the size of this one. This time, they plan to go in as co-owners, partnering with the Chicago-based private energy firm Invenergy and San Diego Gas and Electric. Ownership is a tough deal to strike -- one that's eluded other Indian tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE CONNOLLY: This has killed a lot of deals on Indian country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Mike Connolly-- solidly built, with wire frame glasses and a gray ponytail-- is a former Campo tribal council member. He runs a consultancy firm that helps tribes get involved with renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CONNOLLY Because the tribes want to have ownership. But when they do the numbers, the see that ownership is just not economically viable. So they end up not doing it, rather than doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: The primary problem, he says, has to do with the special legal status that tribes occupy: Tribes are sovereign nations, which means they can't take advantage of federal tax credits for renewable energy. And those can cut the price of a large wind project in half. Connolly says the lack of credits, of capital, combined with all the red tape surrounding tribal development threatens to leave American Indians out of the green economy. And that, he says, would be a terrible shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CONNOLLY: Especially when you think of the fact that Indian reservations are some of the poorest places in the country. I mean, there's this debate over double digit unemployment, we have reservations that have gone 4 or 5 decades of unemployment that's over 60 percent. And here you have an opportunity to build economies in Indian countries and to create a base that that's sustainable type of development that can go on and on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: On to places like the Morongo reservation, west of Palm Springs, where a grassy hillside rises behind the administration building. DeAnna Meetze would like to see this plot of land covered in solar panels, but she's been frustrated by some of the same tax hurdles the Campo face. Meetze says the history of tribes in this country has left other, subtler obstacles, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DEANNA MEETZE: With tribes inherently, there's a level of distrust among anyone who comes from the outside in. And you have to make sure you're dealing with someone of integrity, and that they're not there to take advantage of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Those obstacles will subside over time, she says, especially if the federal government helps level the playing field. That process has begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRESIDENT OBAMA: Too often, you face unique hurdles to developing these renewable resources...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: President Obama, speaking before the Tribal Nations Conference last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRESIDENT OBAMA: We're securing tribal access to financing and thanks to the recovery act (FADE UNDER) for energy development...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Over the last two years, the pot of federal aid for Indian energy development has doubled to about $7 million a year. Tribes are also eligible for stimulus grants. And a new federal bill called the Indian Energy Promotion and Parity Act, would take the biggest step: making tribes eligible for the tax credits. The question is whether that bill will suffer the same fate as other energy legislation... so far, stalled out in Congress. For QUEST, I'm Amy Standen, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Indian reservations hold an estimated 10 percent of the nation's renewable energy resources -- hot, windy tracts that suddenly seem more valuable than ever. The Campo tribe, near San Diego, has taken the lead, building the country's only utility-scale wind installation on Indian land. Plans are afoot to triple the project. But tribe members say tax incentives and other federal programs put Indians at a disadvantage.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1370997515,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":964},"headData":{"title":"Renewables on Indian Land | KQED","description":"Indian reservations hold an estimated 10 percent of the nation's renewable energy resources -- hot, windy tracts that suddenly seem more valuable than ever. The Campo tribe, near San Diego, has taken the lead, building the country's only utility-scale wind installation on Indian land. Plans are afoot to triple the project. But tribe members say tax incentives and other federal programs put Indians at a disadvantage.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Renewables on Indian Land","datePublished":"2010-08-09T15:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-06-12T00:38:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17049 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/renewables-on-indian-land/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/08/09/renewables-on-indian-land/","disqusTitle":"Renewables on Indian Land","path":"/quest/17049/renewables-on-indian-land","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-09-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-09-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/08/4-41indian_3001.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19168\" title=\"4-41indian_300\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/08/4-41indian_3001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>Over the last few weeks, we've been following California's push to produce a third of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020. It's estimated that more than ten percent of the potential for clean energy in the US sits on land owned by Indian tribes. Some of these tribes are wondering whether green energy projects might be the casinos of the 21st century. But as Amy Standen reports the idea faces some tough obstacles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Casino Sound]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AMY STANDEN: The day the Golden Acorn casino opened, in August of 2001, Monique LaChappa stood right here, near the sliding glass doors, and watched as members of her tribe came in for their first look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONIQUE LACHAPPA: I just watched everyone come in and I just... just the look on the tribal members faces that day... It was so exciting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: The casino changed everything for the Campo Kumeyaay Nation, a small tribe of 329 people living in the desert mountains 60 miles east of San Diego. It bought a fire department, educational programs, jobs. But one modest casino-- especially in a slow economy-- isn't enough to sustain this community, where unemployment is almost 50 percent. LaChappa-- who serves as tribal chairwoman-- and others here have set their sights on a very different kind of project-- one that sets the Campo apart from any other tribe in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Wind turbine sound]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Here, along a rocky spine of the Laguna Mountains is the only utility-scale wind farm on tribal land in the country, built in 2005. There are two dozen turbines, each 4 stories tall, supplying energy to 35,000 homes in San Diego County. Their huge blades sweep the sky with the steady whoosh of a heartbeat.\u003cbr>\nThis project-- called Kumeyaay 1-- is an enormous source of pride for the Campo people, in part because it makes use of a resource that until recently, didn't seem to offer a lot of options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LACHAPPA: Look where we're located. We're out here in the middle of nowhere. It makes it difficult for anybody who wants to be able to do more for their family, or send their kids to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: But income from this wind farm is limited... because the Campo don't own this project. Instead, they lease the land to a private company. The Campo are in negotiations to build a second wind project, three times the size of this one. This time, they plan to go in as co-owners, partnering with the Chicago-based private energy firm Invenergy and San Diego Gas and Electric. Ownership is a tough deal to strike -- one that's eluded other Indian tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE CONNOLLY: This has killed a lot of deals on Indian country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Mike Connolly-- solidly built, with wire frame glasses and a gray ponytail-- is a former Campo tribal council member. He runs a consultancy firm that helps tribes get involved with renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CONNOLLY Because the tribes want to have ownership. But when they do the numbers, the see that ownership is just not economically viable. So they end up not doing it, rather than doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: The primary problem, he says, has to do with the special legal status that tribes occupy: Tribes are sovereign nations, which means they can't take advantage of federal tax credits for renewable energy. And those can cut the price of a large wind project in half. Connolly says the lack of credits, of capital, combined with all the red tape surrounding tribal development threatens to leave American Indians out of the green economy. And that, he says, would be a terrible shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CONNOLLY: Especially when you think of the fact that Indian reservations are some of the poorest places in the country. I mean, there's this debate over double digit unemployment, we have reservations that have gone 4 or 5 decades of unemployment that's over 60 percent. And here you have an opportunity to build economies in Indian countries and to create a base that that's sustainable type of development that can go on and on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: On to places like the Morongo reservation, west of Palm Springs, where a grassy hillside rises behind the administration building. DeAnna Meetze would like to see this plot of land covered in solar panels, but she's been frustrated by some of the same tax hurdles the Campo face. Meetze says the history of tribes in this country has left other, subtler obstacles, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DEANNA MEETZE: With tribes inherently, there's a level of distrust among anyone who comes from the outside in. And you have to make sure you're dealing with someone of integrity, and that they're not there to take advantage of you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Those obstacles will subside over time, she says, especially if the federal government helps level the playing field. That process has begun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRESIDENT OBAMA: Too often, you face unique hurdles to developing these renewable resources...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: President Obama, speaking before the Tribal Nations Conference last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRESIDENT OBAMA: We're securing tribal access to financing and thanks to the recovery act (FADE UNDER) for energy development...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>STANDEN: Over the last two years, the pot of federal aid for Indian energy development has doubled to about $7 million a year. Tribes are also eligible for stimulus grants. And a new federal bill called the Indian Energy Promotion and Parity Act, would take the biggest step: making tribes eligible for the tax credits. The question is whether that bill will suffer the same fate as other energy legislation... so far, stalled out in Congress. For QUEST, I'm Amy Standen, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17049/renewables-on-indian-land","authors":["210"],"series":["quest_13207"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_11765","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13202","quest_2409"],"collections":["quest_3357"],"featImg":"quest_19168","label":"quest_13207"},"quest_17048":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17048","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17048","score":null,"sort":[1280536200000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"energy-storage-the-holy-grail","title":"Energy Storage: The Holy Grail","publishDate":1280536200,"format":"audio","headTitle":"33×20: California’s Clean Power Countdown | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13207,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-02-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19161\" title=\"4_40_energystorage_300x200\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>This week, we continue our series \"33 by 20,\" a look a California's ambitious goal of getting 33 percent of its electricity from renewable energy by 2020. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But these renewables are intermittent and that causes problems on the state's electric grid. So, California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps by doing something rarely done on the grid today: storing electricity. Lauren Sommer has more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Inside an unmarked building outside of Sacramento, dozens of people are glued to computer screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAVE HAWKINS: So did you look at the load curve yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: On the wall, there's a display plotting a big red line, showing how much electricity California is using right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: So these are the people that are keeping the lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Yep, this is the real-time operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: This is the California Independent System Operator or ISO, where Dave Hawkins is the Lead Renewables Power Engineer, though he recently retired. The ISO is the traffic cop of the state's electric grid. It's their job to forecast how much electricity the state needs and to make sure it's supplied. And they do it every four seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Our electric grid today, as we've built it and managed it, is a huge \"just in time\" delivery system. Just in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Hawkins says in order for the lights to come on when we flip the switch, energy supply and demand have be in perfect balance. But since the demand for power is continually changing, they're continually rebalancing the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: If we don't get all the numbers correct, then there's some major imbalances and some unpleasantness that happens in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Today, most of the state's energy comes from natural gas plants, which produce a steady power supply. But record amounts of wind and solar power are being switched on every year. And because the sun disappears behind clouds and the wind dies down, renewable power is variable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: The curves that are showing up so far are pretty erratic. You'll see 40, 50, 60 percent change in the output in a very short amount of time. And it not only goes down, but it will also then come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Better weather forecasting could help the ISO anticipate the fluctuations. But Hawkins says they'll need something else to fill in the gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRAVEEN KATHPAL: We're looking at what we call Project Sano. It's a 2 megawatt energy storage unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Just next to the Pacific Ocean in Huntington Beach, Praveen Kathpal of AES Energy Storage shows me one of the biggest batteries in the state. From the outside, it looks like a simple shipping container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: It's pretty unspectacular to look at, uh, which is good. We don't like excitement in the power business if we can avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The container is packed with small lithium-ion battery cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: There are approximately 83,000 of those cells within this container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The battery only holds enough power for 1,500 homes, but Kathpal says that's not the point. Batteries are fast. This one can change its output every four seconds. That's a level of responsiveness that a power plant can't match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: Yeah, it allows you to do things that you really couldn't imagine being able to do before. All of a sudden, you're able to provide a level of power immediately and with certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Grid operators could \"dial up\" this power to smooth out the second-to-second fluctuations on the grid. Kathpal says he sees a booming market for energy storage like this. And he's not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAN RASTLER: Energy storage is really undergoing a renaissance right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Dan Rastler is with the Energy Storage program at the Electric Power Research Institute, a research group in Palo Alto sponsored by the nation's utilities. He says longer-term energy storage will also be important when it comes to wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: Unfortunately, a lot of the wind blows at night and we don't want to spill wind, you know. We've made this investment in renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: If nighttime wind power could be stored several hours, grid operators could use it during the day when energy demand is highest. Rastler says there are other storage technologies that could use excess energy, like pumping water uphill to reservoirs for hydro power or compressing air that could be released to run power turbines. Still, there's one big hurdle that's held energy storage back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: The reason you don't see a lot of storage deployed right now is the cost issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: At its best, battery storage is twice as expensive as traditional power sources. That's kept most utilities away. But Rastler says the federal stimulus funding could change the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: It's been huge. I believe it's around 250 million of stimulus funding really is jumpstarting a number of key demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Several of those demonstrations are being lead by California's largest utilities. But given the costs, scaling up energy storage could take decades and California's utilities are on a tight timeline. The state legislature is also debating an energy storage bill that's the first of its kind in the nation. If passed, it would require the state to begin setting energy storage goals for 2020-- the same year the renewable energy goal comes due. For Quest, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This week, we continue our series \"33 by 20,\" a look at California's ambitious renewable energy goals. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But renewables have a downside: there are times when the sun doesn't shine and the wind doesn't blow. California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps with a new strategy: storing electricity. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1367348490,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":956},"headData":{"title":"Energy Storage: The Holy Grail | KQED","description":"This week, we continue our series "33 by 20," a look at California's ambitious renewable energy goals. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But renewables have a downside: there are times when the sun doesn't shine and the wind doesn't blow. California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps with a new strategy: storing electricity. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Energy Storage: The Holy Grail","datePublished":"2010-07-31T00:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-30T19:01:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17048 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/energy-storage-the-holy-grail/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/07/30/energy-storage-the-holy-grail/","disqusTitle":"Energy Storage: The Holy Grail","path":"/quest/17048/energy-storage-the-holy-grail","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-02-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/08/2010-08-02-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19161\" title=\"4_40_energystorage_300x200\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/07/4_40_energystorage_300x2002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>This week, we continue our series \"33 by 20,\" a look a California's ambitious goal of getting 33 percent of its electricity from renewable energy by 2020. Solar and wind power are booming across the state. But these renewables are intermittent and that causes problems on the state's electric grid. So, California utilities are looking to smooth out those bumps by doing something rarely done on the grid today: storing electricity. Lauren Sommer has more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Inside an unmarked building outside of Sacramento, dozens of people are glued to computer screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAVE HAWKINS: So did you look at the load curve yesterday?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: On the wall, there's a display plotting a big red line, showing how much electricity California is using right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: So these are the people that are keeping the lights on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Yep, this is the real-time operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: This is the California Independent System Operator or ISO, where Dave Hawkins is the Lead Renewables Power Engineer, though he recently retired. The ISO is the traffic cop of the state's electric grid. It's their job to forecast how much electricity the state needs and to make sure it's supplied. And they do it every four seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: Our electric grid today, as we've built it and managed it, is a huge \"just in time\" delivery system. Just in time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Hawkins says in order for the lights to come on when we flip the switch, energy supply and demand have be in perfect balance. But since the demand for power is continually changing, they're continually rebalancing the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: If we don't get all the numbers correct, then there's some major imbalances and some unpleasantness that happens in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Today, most of the state's energy comes from natural gas plants, which produce a steady power supply. But record amounts of wind and solar power are being switched on every year. And because the sun disappears behind clouds and the wind dies down, renewable power is variable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HAWKINS: The curves that are showing up so far are pretty erratic. You'll see 40, 50, 60 percent change in the output in a very short amount of time. And it not only goes down, but it will also then come back up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Better weather forecasting could help the ISO anticipate the fluctuations. But Hawkins says they'll need something else to fill in the gaps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PRAVEEN KATHPAL: We're looking at what we call Project Sano. It's a 2 megawatt energy storage unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Just next to the Pacific Ocean in Huntington Beach, Praveen Kathpal of AES Energy Storage shows me one of the biggest batteries in the state. From the outside, it looks like a simple shipping container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: It's pretty unspectacular to look at, uh, which is good. We don't like excitement in the power business if we can avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The container is packed with small lithium-ion battery cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: There are approximately 83,000 of those cells within this container.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: The battery only holds enough power for 1,500 homes, but Kathpal says that's not the point. Batteries are fast. This one can change its output every four seconds. That's a level of responsiveness that a power plant can't match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KATHPAL: Yeah, it allows you to do things that you really couldn't imagine being able to do before. All of a sudden, you're able to provide a level of power immediately and with certainty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Grid operators could \"dial up\" this power to smooth out the second-to-second fluctuations on the grid. Kathpal says he sees a booming market for energy storage like this. And he's not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DAN RASTLER: Energy storage is really undergoing a renaissance right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Dan Rastler is with the Energy Storage program at the Electric Power Research Institute, a research group in Palo Alto sponsored by the nation's utilities. He says longer-term energy storage will also be important when it comes to wind power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: Unfortunately, a lot of the wind blows at night and we don't want to spill wind, you know. We've made this investment in renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: If nighttime wind power could be stored several hours, grid operators could use it during the day when energy demand is highest. Rastler says there are other storage technologies that could use excess energy, like pumping water uphill to reservoirs for hydro power or compressing air that could be released to run power turbines. Still, there's one big hurdle that's held energy storage back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: The reason you don't see a lot of storage deployed right now is the cost issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: At its best, battery storage is twice as expensive as traditional power sources. That's kept most utilities away. But Rastler says the federal stimulus funding could change the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RASTLER: It's been huge. I believe it's around 250 million of stimulus funding really is jumpstarting a number of key demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Several of those demonstrations are being lead by California's largest utilities. But given the costs, scaling up energy storage could take decades and California's utilities are on a tight timeline. The state legislature is also debating an energy storage bill that's the first of its kind in the nation. If passed, it would require the state to begin setting energy storage goals for 2020-- the same year the renewable energy goal comes due. For Quest, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED News.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17048/energy-storage-the-holy-grail","authors":["10168"],"series":["quest_13207"],"categories":["quest_11765","quest_8"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13202","quest_2409"],"collections":["quest_3357"],"featImg":"quest_19161","label":"quest_13207"},"quest_17044":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17044","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17044","score":null,"sort":[1277739000000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-two","title":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part Two","publishDate":1277739000,"format":"audio","headTitle":"33×20: California’s Clean Power Countdown | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13207,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-28-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-pt-2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19156\" title=\"finding a home pt 2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-pt-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>A plan that requires California's utilities to generate one third of their electricity from solar and other types of clean energy by 2020 has been held up by a glacially slow permitting process due, in part, to controversies over where to build big, renewable projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" we conclude a look at the Panoche Valley, south of Hollister, which is finding itself in the center of one of those debates. Andrea Kissack reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Ringed most of the year by dry, rolling, scrub covered hills, this ranchland in rural San Benito County gets 90-percent of the solar intensity of the Mojave Desert. But the Mojave, with its protected federal lands and desert tortoises, has turned out to be a nightmare for big solar entrepreneurs. For the Cupertino-based company Solargen, Panoche Valley seemed a better bet for a 420-megawatt solar array that would power about 120,000 homes. PG and E already has transmission lines running right through the valley and five cattle ranchers have agreed to sell their land. But to its critics the company's plan to cover part of the valley in panels doesn't seem like such a green idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KIM WILLIAMS: They would like to build an industrial project that extends the entire length of the valley. Once you take the vegetation off the soil, the high winds are just going to be whipping up the top soil and creating dust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Kim Williams moved to the tranquil Panoche Valley about four years ago from the Bay Area to run an organic egg business called Your Family Farm.\u003cbr>\n[Sound of Williams talking to her hens]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: When you travel around California there are not many valleys that you say I am stepping back into time, this is amazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Panoche Valley's unique landscape also turns out to be rich in wildlife. The valley floor is teaming with creatures, some of them endangered like the San Joaquin kit fox, and the blunt nose leopard lizard. More than 130 species of birds have also been observed in the area, including bald eagles. Looking out at the project site, Brandon Hill, President of the Fresno Audubon Society, says the valley has too much biodiversity for a big solar plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HILL: When you are taking up four thousand acres plus you are basically destroying the habitat, much of it is under panels or converted into roads and it is going to drastically change the habitat out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: To find out just what is out there Solargen's investors have spent over seven million dollars to gather information for a required Environmental Impact Report. More than twenty biologists have spent much of the past year searching out every fox den on the project site, canvassing creek beds and geo-tagging lizard scat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Does anyone have an anemometer to measure the wind?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Today, in high winds, wildlife biologist Michelle Korpos leads her team through a barbed wire fence and onto an adjacent parcel called \"mitigation land\" - about eleven thousand acres that Solargen would set aside for wildlife to offset the impact of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Presumably the species can disperse from the site because the mitigation lands are contiguous to the site. And the larger mammals like the kit fox and badger, they can make their way over the hills into little Panoche valley which offers greater biodiversity and topography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: These biologists are taking a multispecies conservation approach - which could speed up the permitting process. The San Joaquin kit fox, for example, thrives in grazing areas and if it can do well in the mitigation lands, it's assumed so can other grassland species. But not everyone agrees. In fact, local environmentalists are concerned that the surveys are being rushed to meet the deadline to qualify for federal tax credits. Chicken farmer Kim Williams says she is all for solar -- just not big arrays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: You could do smaller solar fields around cities as well as utilizing all rooftops and shade and parking areas and bus stops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Energy analysts say California can't meet its clean power goals without big solar farms and that line of thinking has some surprising supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOYLE: There are a few of us who have been working very closely with the generators and increasingly with the state and federal regulators trying to find a pathway through these conflicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Barbara Boyle oversees clean energy solutions for the Sierra Club. She thinks the :us vs. them\" approach that has helped win a lot of environmental debates, in the past, needs to change when it comes to siting clean energy projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOYLE: We also need to get out there and identify where are the good places for solar and wind to go so they know when they invest hundreds of millions of dollars in their proposals they are going to a place that has a high probability of getting permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: In the Panoche Valley Charlie McCullough steps out of his modest home and looks over the hills behind him. He and his brother are among the ranching families that have agreed to sell land to Solargen, in his case, for several million dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MCCOLLOUGH: Everybody in the valley is mad at us for bringing the solar in. I'm going to hate to see a bunch of panels out there, too but I know that we have to have solar. If you can't have it here, you can't have it anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: The San Benito County Board of supervisors is expected to vote on the project before the end of the year. To see a map of solar intensity throughout the U.S, go to KQED.org/33x20. I'm Andrea Kissack, KQED Public Radio.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A plan that requires California's utilities to generate one third of their electricity from solar, wind and other types of clean energy by 2020 has been held up by a glacially slow permitting process. The Panoche Valley, south of Hollister, is finding itself in the center of one of those debates. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366754599,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":983},"headData":{"title":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part Two | KQED","description":"A plan that requires California's utilities to generate one third of their electricity from solar, wind and other types of clean energy by 2020 has been held up by a glacially slow permitting process. The Panoche Valley, south of Hollister, is finding itself in the center of one of those debates. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part Two","datePublished":"2010-06-28T15:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T22:03:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17044 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-two/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/06/28/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-two/","disqusTitle":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part Two","path":"/quest/17044/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-two","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-28-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-28-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-pt-2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19156\" title=\"finding a home pt 2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-pt-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>A plan that requires California's utilities to generate one third of their electricity from solar and other types of clean energy by 2020 has been held up by a glacially slow permitting process due, in part, to controversies over where to build big, renewable projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" we conclude a look at the Panoche Valley, south of Hollister, which is finding itself in the center of one of those debates. Andrea Kissack reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Ringed most of the year by dry, rolling, scrub covered hills, this ranchland in rural San Benito County gets 90-percent of the solar intensity of the Mojave Desert. But the Mojave, with its protected federal lands and desert tortoises, has turned out to be a nightmare for big solar entrepreneurs. For the Cupertino-based company Solargen, Panoche Valley seemed a better bet for a 420-megawatt solar array that would power about 120,000 homes. PG and E already has transmission lines running right through the valley and five cattle ranchers have agreed to sell their land. But to its critics the company's plan to cover part of the valley in panels doesn't seem like such a green idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KIM WILLIAMS: They would like to build an industrial project that extends the entire length of the valley. Once you take the vegetation off the soil, the high winds are just going to be whipping up the top soil and creating dust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Kim Williams moved to the tranquil Panoche Valley about four years ago from the Bay Area to run an organic egg business called Your Family Farm.\u003cbr>\n[Sound of Williams talking to her hens]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: When you travel around California there are not many valleys that you say I am stepping back into time, this is amazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Panoche Valley's unique landscape also turns out to be rich in wildlife. The valley floor is teaming with creatures, some of them endangered like the San Joaquin kit fox, and the blunt nose leopard lizard. More than 130 species of birds have also been observed in the area, including bald eagles. Looking out at the project site, Brandon Hill, President of the Fresno Audubon Society, says the valley has too much biodiversity for a big solar plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HILL: When you are taking up four thousand acres plus you are basically destroying the habitat, much of it is under panels or converted into roads and it is going to drastically change the habitat out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: To find out just what is out there Solargen's investors have spent over seven million dollars to gather information for a required Environmental Impact Report. More than twenty biologists have spent much of the past year searching out every fox den on the project site, canvassing creek beds and geo-tagging lizard scat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Does anyone have an anemometer to measure the wind?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Today, in high winds, wildlife biologist Michelle Korpos leads her team through a barbed wire fence and onto an adjacent parcel called \"mitigation land\" - about eleven thousand acres that Solargen would set aside for wildlife to offset the impact of the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KORPOS: Presumably the species can disperse from the site because the mitigation lands are contiguous to the site. And the larger mammals like the kit fox and badger, they can make their way over the hills into little Panoche valley which offers greater biodiversity and topography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: These biologists are taking a multispecies conservation approach - which could speed up the permitting process. The San Joaquin kit fox, for example, thrives in grazing areas and if it can do well in the mitigation lands, it's assumed so can other grassland species. But not everyone agrees. In fact, local environmentalists are concerned that the surveys are being rushed to meet the deadline to qualify for federal tax credits. Chicken farmer Kim Williams says she is all for solar -- just not big arrays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WILLIAMS: You could do smaller solar fields around cities as well as utilizing all rooftops and shade and parking areas and bus stops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Energy analysts say California can't meet its clean power goals without big solar farms and that line of thinking has some surprising supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOYLE: There are a few of us who have been working very closely with the generators and increasingly with the state and federal regulators trying to find a pathway through these conflicts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: Barbara Boyle oversees clean energy solutions for the Sierra Club. She thinks the :us vs. them\" approach that has helped win a lot of environmental debates, in the past, needs to change when it comes to siting clean energy projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOYLE: We also need to get out there and identify where are the good places for solar and wind to go so they know when they invest hundreds of millions of dollars in their proposals they are going to a place that has a high probability of getting permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: In the Panoche Valley Charlie McCullough steps out of his modest home and looks over the hills behind him. He and his brother are among the ranching families that have agreed to sell land to Solargen, in his case, for several million dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MCCOLLOUGH: Everybody in the valley is mad at us for bringing the solar in. I'm going to hate to see a bunch of panels out there, too but I know that we have to have solar. If you can't have it here, you can't have it anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KISSACK: The San Benito County Board of supervisors is expected to vote on the project before the end of the year. To see a map of solar intensity throughout the U.S, go to KQED.org/33x20. I'm Andrea Kissack, KQED Public Radio.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17044/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-two","authors":["212"],"series":["quest_13207"],"categories":["quest_11765","quest_9","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13202","quest_2409","quest_2693"],"collections":["quest_3357"],"featImg":"quest_19156","label":"quest_13207"},"quest_17043":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17043","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17043","score":null,"sort":[1277134200000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one","title":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part One","publishDate":1277134200,"format":"audio","headTitle":"33×20: California’s Clean Power Countdown | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13207,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19139\" title=\"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>The continuing environmental tragedy on the gulf Coast has underscored the peril of continued reliance on fossil fuels. Here in California, the bar has been set high for clean energy, with an ambitious plan to reach 33 percent renewable sources by 2020. Some critics say it's just not possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" Climate Watch Senior Edtor Craig Miller begins a two-part look at one company's plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car approaching]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Chances are you will never even pass through Panoche Valley...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car passing]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>...a flat triangle of short-grass and scrub, hidden amidst the coast ranges northwest of Fresno. But the valley hasn't escaped everyone's notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE PETERSON: I'm Michael Peterson, and I am the CEO of Solargen Energy...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: To Mike Peterson, Panoche Valley is an oasis between the dust of the Central Valley and the fog of California's coast; a kind of solar Shangri-La, which he says has 90% of the solar potential of the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: It makes all the difference in the world...because it's how much sun you're capturing and turning into electricity and that's your revenue source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Another part of the valley's allure: a line of transmission towers already marches straight through it, carrying electrons to the densely populated Monterey Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: When we had an engineer come who'd built a lot of different solar around, he came...we, we took him down to the property. And his comment was, wow. God made this to be a solar farm (LAUGHS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: And so with that bit of second-hand Devine guidance, Peterson has been stitching together land deals to create one of the nation's biggest solar power arrays of its kind, in Panoche Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REB MONACO: We're on the radar, so to speak, for solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's Reb Monaco, supervisor of San Benito County whose district includes the Valley. He sees another kind of \"solar potential\" there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: And it's unique, I guess, the surrounding counties don't have the amount of sunlight that our county has. So that asset, from my perspective as a county supervisor, we need to market that asset as effectively as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Monaco says he hasn't decided how he'll vote when supervisors are called on to approve the project. But with unemployment stuck at more than 20% in his county and Solargen promising jobs-mostly during the six-year construction phase-the project has his attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: Any job is significant in this day and age, I think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Solargen has marked of a site that would have solar panels on the equivalent of about 4700 [more than 4,000) football fields. Another 12,000 acres or so is what developers call \"mitigation land.\" The company is wending its way through the permitting process, which includes a $1.3 million environmental impact report administered by the county but paid for by Solargen's investors. And from this perspective, the valley may be less oasis than minefield. MIKE WESTPHAL: Actually, we call it a reservoir of endangered species. MILLER: Mike Westphal is an ecologist for the Bureau of Land Management, whose property surrounds the intended Solargen site. WESTPHAL: Everything that seems to have been in the larger San Joaquin Valley seems to still be here. MILLER: That includes about a half-dozen protected species, from foot-long lizards to San Joaquin kit fox. For weeks now a platoon of biologists have been combing the valley floor for signs of endangered or threatened critters, so that Solargen can produce a mitigation plan under California's environmental laws. Westphal is skeptical that this will go quickly. WESTPHAL: Even in projects that only have one of these species, you generally see an environmental review process going on for years before anything happens. The obstacles are huge to getting development here, I don't see a shovel hitting the ground here for years at a minimum. MILLER: But in order to get federal stimulus dollars up front, Mike Peterson will need to break ground here by the end of this year. PETERSON: I actually remember when I came home, and went into the kitchen and I said to my wife, I said, you know, I thought everybody wanted solar. (LAUGHS) MILLER: Not everybody, it would seem. RON GARTHWAITE: This specific one, yes, we don't want it to be here. We're fighting it. [SOUND: Bleating calf]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Ron Garthwaite runs the Claravale organic dairy farm in the valley. He stands at the intersection where two well-intended goals are colliding in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GARTHWAITE: Even if you're pro solar power, it's just--yeah, when you're taking a place that has agricultural value and natural value and turning it into a solar power plant, it just doesn't make any sense, no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BLM's Westphal puts it succinctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WESTPHAL: It's like an irresistible force hitting an immovable object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Caught in the middle are more than 200 wind and solar energy projects currently under review in California. Mike Peterson's is just one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: And it's tough. We have California laws that make it very difficult. I could go to Texas and get-pull three permits and have this ready to go in months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: As anyone acquainted with California's Environmental Quality Act can attest, this is not Texas. But in order to make the Governor's one-third goal, utilities will have to find some way to at least double the output from renewable energy sources, in the next ten years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: This is Craig Miller in San Benito County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HOST: Next week, we pick up the Panoche Valley story with a closer look at the environmental concerns that confront this large-scale solar project. In the meantime there's a slide show and video of the valley online at KQED.org/33x20.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California has set ambitious goals for a transition to clean, renewable energy: 33 percent by 2020. Some are skeptical that the goal is within reach.QUEST and Climate Watch continue to examine the promise and pitfalls of this historic transformation. Craig Miller reports on one Silicon Valley company's controversial proposal for Panoche Valley. \r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1368130440,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1011},"headData":{"title":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part One | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part One","datePublished":"2010-06-21T15:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-05-09T20:14:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17043 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/06/21/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one/","disqusTitle":"Finding a Home for Big Solar - Part One","path":"/quest/17043/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-21-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/06/2010-06-21-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19139\" title=\"finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/06/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>The continuing environmental tragedy on the gulf Coast has underscored the peril of continued reliance on fossil fuels. Here in California, the bar has been set high for clean energy, with an ambitious plan to reach 33 percent renewable sources by 2020. Some critics say it's just not possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of our ongoing series \"33 by 20,\" Climate Watch Senior Edtor Craig Miller begins a two-part look at one company's plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car approaching]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Chances are you will never even pass through Panoche Valley...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SOUND: car passing]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>...a flat triangle of short-grass and scrub, hidden amidst the coast ranges northwest of Fresno. But the valley hasn't escaped everyone's notice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIKE PETERSON: I'm Michael Peterson, and I am the CEO of Solargen Energy...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: To Mike Peterson, Panoche Valley is an oasis between the dust of the Central Valley and the fog of California's coast; a kind of solar Shangri-La, which he says has 90% of the solar potential of the Mojave Desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: It makes all the difference in the world...because it's how much sun you're capturing and turning into electricity and that's your revenue source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Another part of the valley's allure: a line of transmission towers already marches straight through it, carrying electrons to the densely populated Monterey Peninsula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: When we had an engineer come who'd built a lot of different solar around, he came...we, we took him down to the property. And his comment was, wow. God made this to be a solar farm (LAUGHS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: And so with that bit of second-hand Devine guidance, Peterson has been stitching together land deals to create one of the nation's biggest solar power arrays of its kind, in Panoche Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REB MONACO: We're on the radar, so to speak, for solar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's Reb Monaco, supervisor of San Benito County whose district includes the Valley. He sees another kind of \"solar potential\" there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: And it's unique, I guess, the surrounding counties don't have the amount of sunlight that our county has. So that asset, from my perspective as a county supervisor, we need to market that asset as effectively as we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Monaco says he hasn't decided how he'll vote when supervisors are called on to approve the project. But with unemployment stuck at more than 20% in his county and Solargen promising jobs-mostly during the six-year construction phase-the project has his attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MONACO: Any job is significant in this day and age, I think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Solargen has marked of a site that would have solar panels on the equivalent of about 4700 [more than 4,000) football fields. Another 12,000 acres or so is what developers call \"mitigation land.\" The company is wending its way through the permitting process, which includes a $1.3 million environmental impact report administered by the county but paid for by Solargen's investors. And from this perspective, the valley may be less oasis than minefield. MIKE WESTPHAL: Actually, we call it a reservoir of endangered species. MILLER: Mike Westphal is an ecologist for the Bureau of Land Management, whose property surrounds the intended Solargen site. WESTPHAL: Everything that seems to have been in the larger San Joaquin Valley seems to still be here. MILLER: That includes about a half-dozen protected species, from foot-long lizards to San Joaquin kit fox. For weeks now a platoon of biologists have been combing the valley floor for signs of endangered or threatened critters, so that Solargen can produce a mitigation plan under California's environmental laws. Westphal is skeptical that this will go quickly. WESTPHAL: Even in projects that only have one of these species, you generally see an environmental review process going on for years before anything happens. The obstacles are huge to getting development here, I don't see a shovel hitting the ground here for years at a minimum. MILLER: But in order to get federal stimulus dollars up front, Mike Peterson will need to break ground here by the end of this year. PETERSON: I actually remember when I came home, and went into the kitchen and I said to my wife, I said, you know, I thought everybody wanted solar. (LAUGHS) MILLER: Not everybody, it would seem. RON GARTHWAITE: This specific one, yes, we don't want it to be here. We're fighting it. [SOUND: Bleating calf]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Ron Garthwaite runs the Claravale organic dairy farm in the valley. He stands at the intersection where two well-intended goals are colliding in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GARTHWAITE: Even if you're pro solar power, it's just--yeah, when you're taking a place that has agricultural value and natural value and turning it into a solar power plant, it just doesn't make any sense, no.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BLM's Westphal puts it succinctly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WESTPHAL: It's like an irresistible force hitting an immovable object.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: Caught in the middle are more than 200 wind and solar energy projects currently under review in California. Mike Peterson's is just one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETERSON: And it's tough. We have California laws that make it very difficult. I could go to Texas and get-pull three permits and have this ready to go in months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: As anyone acquainted with California's Environmental Quality Act can attest, this is not Texas. But in order to make the Governor's one-third goal, utilities will have to find some way to at least double the output from renewable energy sources, in the next ten years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: This is Craig Miller in San Benito County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>HOST: Next week, we pick up the Panoche Valley story with a closer look at the environmental concerns that confront this large-scale solar project. In the meantime there's a slide show and video of the valley online at KQED.org/33x20.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17043/finding-a-home-for-big-solar-part-one","authors":["221"],"series":["quest_13207"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_11765","quest_8","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13202"],"featImg":"quest_19139","label":"quest_13207"},"quest_17040":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17040","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17040","score":null,"sort":[1274463720000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"race-for-renewables","title":"Race for Renewables","publishDate":1274463720,"format":"audio","headTitle":"33×20: California’s Clean Power Countdown | QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":13207,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/05/2010-05-24-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19164\" title=\"radio4-29_renewables300\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>From KQED Public Radio, I'm Andrea Kissack. This week, KQED's science and environmental initiatives, QUEST and Climate Watch, begin an occasional series: 33 by 20: California's Clean Energy Countdown.\u003cbr>\nWith its wind and solar resources, the state is known as a hotbed of renewable energy. Driving that development is an ambitious goal: By the year 2020, utilities must generate one third of their electricity from renewable sources. But the road to clean energy is full of obstacles, which we will explore over the next several months. First, Lauren Sommer reports on how we got here and the chances of meeting our big green power goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Thousands of wind turbines dot the rolling hills here at the Altamont Pass, just outside of Livermore. Thirty years ago, this was one of the places where California's renewable energy legacy began, when Larry Barr arrived with the first wind turbine, built in his neighbor's garage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LARRY BARR: Back then, they were small enough that we had specially built trailer that we towed behind a van. You could load and entire wind turbine on it. And so we drove from Pennsylvania to California with this thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Altamont became one of the first large-scale wind farms in the country, but at the time, it wasn't exactly a mainstream idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BARR: You'd meet somebody and they'd ask you what you do for a living and you'd say, well I run a wind plant. What? And you'd explain the whole thing to them and they'd just \"really?\" you know. Today, everyone knows exactly what you're talking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: That's because renewable energy has taken center stage in the state, especially for one particular elected official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOVERNOR ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER: When I took office the law, of course, required our utilities to deliver 20 percent of this renewable energy by the year 2017. And I said we can do better than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Three years ago, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger shortened the timeline --committing utilities to get 20 percent of their electricity from renewables such as solar, geothermal, and wind, by the end of this year. It's an ambitious goal and now the question is: will we make it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JULIE FITCH: Uhh, probably not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Julie Fitch is the Energy Division Director for the California Public Utilities Commission, the agency overseeing the renewable goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FITCH: We'll get really close. We're projecting that by the end of this year, 2010, we'll be at about 18.5% and by 2011 that we'll be fully there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Thanks to a three-year grace period, utilities won't be penalized for being a year or two late. But it does put them behind. That's because last fall, the governor set an even more aggressive goal— 33% renewable by 2020. According to Fitch's agency, given our growing need for energy, it will require an unprecedented effort— at least a doubling of transmission lines and a doubling of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOM BOTTORFF: I think a lot of people have doubts about whether or not the utilities can do it. I'm in the camp that believes that it's feasible and doable and we're working very hard to make sure that happens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Tom Bottorff is a Senior Vice President at PG&E, one of the utilities responsible for getting all that renewable power on the grid. He says the company has signed more than 100 contracts with solar, wind and geothermal developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: But we're concerned whether all those projects that we've contracted with will actually come online. It's been a tough economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: In most cases, it's up to developers to find the financing to build solar and wind farms, which has been hard to come by since the economic downturn. They've had some help recently from the federal stimulus funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: That's been critical and we're very thankful that those opportunities are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Bottorff says the other challenge is California's complex permitting process. Since many solar and wind projects cover hundreds of acres in environmentally sensitive areas, developers must navigate local, state and federal agencies for permission to build, which can be a tricky process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MICHAEL PICKER: I would probably describe it as painful, torturous and highly complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Michael Picker is the Governor's Senior Advisor for Renewable Energy Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PICKER: The reality is that each one of the projects that we permit this year will immediately become the largest in the world. People are having to learn how to actually manage these projects through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Picker says the Governor's office is committed to speeding up the drawn-out permitting process, which will help put the 33% goal in reach. But even with the Governor's help, a number of major obstacles remain, like where to build new transmission lines and concerns about the impact of solar or wind farms on wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETER MILLER: What we're trying to do is extremely ambitious in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Peter Miller is a Senior Scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group in San Francisco. He says California's renewable standards aren't just about energy. For one, they're key to reaching the state's landmark global warming goal to cut greenhouse gases emissions a quarter by 2020. Their significance also goes beyond state borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: California has always been a leader on energy and environmental efforts and this, the RPS program, is no exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Over thirty states have renewable energy goals, though California's is one of the most aggressive. That means many states are watching how California's does— both its progress and its missteps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For QUEST, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED Radio News.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"With its wind and solar resources, California is known as a hotbed of renewable energy. Driving that development is an ambitious goal: by 2020, state law requires utilities to generate one third of their electricity from renewable sources. But the road to clean energy is full of obstacles. Lauren Sommer reports on how we got here and the chances of meeting our big green power goals.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1367349384,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":992},"headData":{"title":"Race for Renewables | KQED","description":"With its wind and solar resources, California is known as a hotbed of renewable energy. Driving that development is an ambitious goal: by 2020, state law requires utilities to generate one third of their electricity from renewable sources. But the road to clean energy is full of obstacles. Lauren Sommer reports on how we got here and the chances of meeting our big green power goals.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Race for Renewables","datePublished":"2010-05-21T17:42:00.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-30T19:16:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17040 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/race-for-renewables/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/05/21/race-for-renewables/","disqusTitle":"Race for Renewables","path":"/quest/17040/race-for-renewables","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/05/2010-05-24-quest.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2010/05/2010-05-24-quest.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-19164\" title=\"radio4-29_renewables300\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/05/radio4-29_renewables3002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>From KQED Public Radio, I'm Andrea Kissack. This week, KQED's science and environmental initiatives, QUEST and Climate Watch, begin an occasional series: 33 by 20: California's Clean Energy Countdown.\u003cbr>\nWith its wind and solar resources, the state is known as a hotbed of renewable energy. Driving that development is an ambitious goal: By the year 2020, utilities must generate one third of their electricity from renewable sources. But the road to clean energy is full of obstacles, which we will explore over the next several months. First, Lauren Sommer reports on how we got here and the chances of meeting our big green power goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LAUREN SOMMER: Thousands of wind turbines dot the rolling hills here at the Altamont Pass, just outside of Livermore. Thirty years ago, this was one of the places where California's renewable energy legacy began, when Larry Barr arrived with the first wind turbine, built in his neighbor's garage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LARRY BARR: Back then, they were small enough that we had specially built trailer that we towed behind a van. You could load and entire wind turbine on it. And so we drove from Pennsylvania to California with this thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Altamont became one of the first large-scale wind farms in the country, but at the time, it wasn't exactly a mainstream idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BARR: You'd meet somebody and they'd ask you what you do for a living and you'd say, well I run a wind plant. What? And you'd explain the whole thing to them and they'd just \"really?\" you know. Today, everyone knows exactly what you're talking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: That's because renewable energy has taken center stage in the state, especially for one particular elected official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOVERNOR ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER: When I took office the law, of course, required our utilities to deliver 20 percent of this renewable energy by the year 2017. And I said we can do better than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Three years ago, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger shortened the timeline --committing utilities to get 20 percent of their electricity from renewables such as solar, geothermal, and wind, by the end of this year. It's an ambitious goal and now the question is: will we make it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JULIE FITCH: Uhh, probably not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Julie Fitch is the Energy Division Director for the California Public Utilities Commission, the agency overseeing the renewable goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FITCH: We'll get really close. We're projecting that by the end of this year, 2010, we'll be at about 18.5% and by 2011 that we'll be fully there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Thanks to a three-year grace period, utilities won't be penalized for being a year or two late. But it does put them behind. That's because last fall, the governor set an even more aggressive goal— 33% renewable by 2020. According to Fitch's agency, given our growing need for energy, it will require an unprecedented effort— at least a doubling of transmission lines and a doubling of renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TOM BOTTORFF: I think a lot of people have doubts about whether or not the utilities can do it. I'm in the camp that believes that it's feasible and doable and we're working very hard to make sure that happens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Tom Bottorff is a Senior Vice President at PG&E, one of the utilities responsible for getting all that renewable power on the grid. He says the company has signed more than 100 contracts with solar, wind and geothermal developers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: But we're concerned whether all those projects that we've contracted with will actually come online. It's been a tough economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: In most cases, it's up to developers to find the financing to build solar and wind farms, which has been hard to come by since the economic downturn. They've had some help recently from the federal stimulus funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BOTTORFF: That's been critical and we're very thankful that those opportunities are available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Bottorff says the other challenge is California's complex permitting process. Since many solar and wind projects cover hundreds of acres in environmentally sensitive areas, developers must navigate local, state and federal agencies for permission to build, which can be a tricky process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MICHAEL PICKER: I would probably describe it as painful, torturous and highly complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Michael Picker is the Governor's Senior Advisor for Renewable Energy Facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PICKER: The reality is that each one of the projects that we permit this year will immediately become the largest in the world. People are having to learn how to actually manage these projects through the pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Picker says the Governor's office is committed to speeding up the drawn-out permitting process, which will help put the 33% goal in reach. But even with the Governor's help, a number of major obstacles remain, like where to build new transmission lines and concerns about the impact of solar or wind farms on wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PETER MILLER: What we're trying to do is extremely ambitious in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Peter Miller is a Senior Scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group in San Francisco. He says California's renewable standards aren't just about energy. For one, they're key to reaching the state's landmark global warming goal to cut greenhouse gases emissions a quarter by 2020. Their significance also goes beyond state borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MILLER: California has always been a leader on energy and environmental efforts and this, the RPS program, is no exception.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOMMER: Over thirty states have renewable energy goals, though California's is one of the most aggressive. That means many states are watching how California's does— both its progress and its missteps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For QUEST, I'm Lauren Sommer, KQED Radio News.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17040/race-for-renewables","authors":["239"],"series":["quest_13207"],"categories":["quest_6","quest_11765","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13202","quest_2409"],"collections":["quest_3357"],"featImg":"quest_19164","label":"quest_13207"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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